Sketch of the Life and Public Services of General Lewis Cass: With the ... - William T. Young - Google Books

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Introductory Remarks-Birth of Mr. Cass-His Parentage-Education-He emi-

grates to Ohio-Enters upon the Practice of the Law-His Success-Volun-

teers in Defence of the Frontier-War of 1812-Invasion of Canada-Col.

Cass' heroic conduct in Canada-Defeats a party of British Soldiers near

Malden-Secures an Important Post-Orders of Gen. Hull-Is compelled to

give up the advantages of his conquest, and return with the army to Detroit,

Battle of Brownstown-Battle of Maguaga--Col. Cass volunteers to accompany

a detachment through the wilderness to the River Raisin-The Surrender

of Detroit-The detachment ordered to return-Indignation of Cols. Cass and

McArthur-Their Return to Detroit-Letter of Gov. Meigs-Kesolutions of

General Assembly of Ohio-Official Letter of Col. Cass to the War Depart-

Effect of Surrender of Detroit-Volunteers of 1812-Symms' " Card"-Indian

Warfare-Cruelties of the Savages-The Massacre at the River Raisin-The

Defence of Fort Stephenson by Croghan and his brave compeers. Page

Reception of Col. Cass at Washington-His promotion-Confidence of the Gov-

ernment in him-Is apppointed Brigadier General--He joius the army under

Harrison-Harrison assigns to Gen. Cass the command of the army at its de-

barkation on the Canada shore-Proctor's flight--Movements of the army in

Canada-Battle of the Thames--Gen. Cass, with Com, Perry, acting as aids to

Gen. Harrison--Defeat and flight of Proctor-Is pursued by Gen. Cass-Har-
rison's testimony to the personal exertions and bravery of Gen. Cass-Gen.
Cass is left by Harrison in command at Detroit-Is appointed Governor of the

Territory by President Madison-The responsibility of his Office-His quali-

fications The attachment of the Citizens of the Territory-His journey to

Albany in midwinter.

Colonel Cass as Governor of Michigan Territory-The arduous duties of his

Office-Examination of Upper Michigan-1s requested by Government to as-

certain the disposition of the Indians in Ohio in regard to disposing of their

Lands-Is appointed Commissioner-Concludes an important Treaty- Urges

the construction of a military road through Ohio-Number of Treaties made

and concluded by Gov. Cass with Indian Tribes-Tour by way of the Lakes to

the head-waters of the Mississippi-Leaves Detroit in an open boat-Navigates

the Great Lakes in a canoe-Perils of the Route-Personal exposure of Gov.

Cass in resenting an insult to his Country's Flag-His determination and the

successful results of his expedition-Is appointed to negotiate Treaties of

Peace between hostile Tribes-Accomplishes his purpose-A novel Temper-

ance Lecture-Treaty at Fond du Lac-Gov. Cass' address to the Pottawato-

mies and Miamis.
Page

Journey to Lake Winnebago-Hostile feeling among the Winnebagoes-Attack

on the Miners-War Messages-Gov. Cass organizing the Miners for defence-

Alarm at Fever River-He goes to St. Louis-Anxiety at Green Bay for his

safety-Rumors there of his death--Arrival at Green Bay-Treaty of Butte de

Morts-Occurrence at the Treaty-Personal danger at Indian village-Provi-

dential escape-Removal of Troops, cause of the Indian difficulties--Succes-

sive appointments of Gov. Cass-His civil administration-His freedom from

religious intolerance-Tribute to the Catholic Missionaries-Satisfaction of the

people with his administration--Secret of his success-His views on appoint-

ment to office--First Legislative Council of the Territory-Gov. Cass calls

attention to the existence of Copper on the upper Peninsula-Removal of the

New York Indians-Visits of the Indians to the British post at Malden-He

attempts to prevent them.
Page 93

Message to the Legislative Council of 1826-Boundary line between Michigan

and Ohio-Constitutional Convention-Action of Congress in defining bounda-

ry as a condition of admission of Michigan into the Union-Action of the two

Conventions-Final admission-Democratic tone of Gov. Cass' messages.

Gov. Cass is called by Gen. Jackson to the Head of the War Department-Mo-

tives prompting the selection of Gov. Cass-The popularity of the New Cabi-

net-Proceedings of the citizens of Detroit on the departure of Gov. Cass for

Washington-Address of Major Biddle in behalf of the people of Michigan-

Reply of Gov. Cass-He assumes the duties of the Department-His Indian

policy while Secretary-Black Hawk war-His preparations to bring the con-

test to a speedy close-Reforms introduced by Gov. Cass In his Department--

Their popularity-The Indian difficulties in Georgia-Decision of the Supreme

Court of the United States reviewed by Gov. Cass-His position sustained by

the people and adopted by the President--Defences of the Country-Gov.

Cass' views on the subject-Controversy between the Bank of United States

and the Administration-Nullification-Action of the Administration.

Gov. Cass accepts the embassy to France-He departs on his mission-His vigi-

lance in guarding the rights of his conntry-He thwarts the attempt of the

English Ministry to obtain universal dominion on the high seas-His examina-

tion of the question of the Right of Search-His Protest laid before the French

Ministry-Subsequent proceedings.
Page

Effect of the protest upon the action of the French government, respecting the

Quintuple Treaty--The Ashburton Treaty--Proceedings of Gov. Cass, on receiv-

ing copy of treaty-His correspondence with Mr. Webster, Secretary of State.

Gov. Cass' opportunities for acquiring knowledge of the schemes of diploma-

tists-His success in thwarting their plots against the welfare of his country-

His return to the United States-The reception given to him by the people of

Boston-Letter from Gen. Jackson-The welcome extended to him by the cit-

izens of the towns and villages through which he passed on his journey to De-

troit-His letter to the Committee of the Democratic Convention of India na—

✓ Gen. Cass regarded by the people as a Candidate for the Presidency-Public

opinion, The annexation of Texas-Gen. Cass' letter advocating annexation,

The Baltimore Convention of 1844-Gov. Cass' letter read in that Conven-

tion-His name withdrawn for the sake of union and harmony-Nomination of

James K. Polk-Gov. Cass supports the nomination-Meets his fellow citizens

in various parts of the country and advocates the election of Mr. Polk-Great

Democratic victory.
Page 209

Magnitude of questions before Congress-Interest felt throughout the Union, in

the election of Senators-The sentiment of the people, in regard to Gen. Cass'

election to the Senate-His election by the Legislature of Michigan-His first

act in the Senate, evinces his keen watchfulness over the rights and honor of

his country-Resolutions of Senator Allen-Gen. Cass supports them-His re-

marks thereon-The Oregon question-The great interests involved in its set-

tlement-The recommendations of the President-Resolution of Mr. Allen,

giving notice that convention of 1827, between the United States and Great

Britain, be annulled and abrogated-Speech of Gen. Cass, in regard to our

defences-His remarks thereon.
Page 226

The Slavery question-Position of Gen. Cass-The Wilmot Proviso and Mexican

War-Remarks of Gen. Cass in the Senate, February 10th, 1847, on the appro-

priation of three millions to bring the war with Mexico to a close-His remarks

on voting against the adoption of the Wilmot Proviso-Gen. Cass' letter to

A. O. P. Nicholson, of Tennessee-His desire for a vigorous prosecution of the

war-Tribute of praise to the Army in Mexico-Origin of the war.

Appropriations for Improvement of Rivers and Harbors-Difficulties surround-

ing the question of the right of Congress to make such appropriations-Gen.}

Cass' opinions on that subject-He sustains the position of Gen. Jackson-

Proceedings in the Senate-Remarks and Vote of Gen. Cass-Further remarks

-Chicago Convention-Its object--Foresight of Gen. Cass in anticipating the

results of that Convention-His letter declining an invitation to attend it-Un-

just and unfounded inferences drawn from the letter-Gen. Cass' exposition of

his views on the Constitutional right of Congress to make Appropriations for

the Improvement of Rivers and Harbors, delivered in the Senate, March, 1851.

Gen. Cass' sympathy for the patriots of the old world-His readiness to welcome

them to the United States-His participation with the Citizens of Washington,

in expressing their congratulations at the success of the people of France in the

late Revolution-Extract from his remarks on that occasion-His vote in the

Senate on the resolution of congratulation-His resolution to suspend diplom-

atic intercourse with Austria-His remarks on the Bill offering aid to Ireland-

His vote on the Bill-He supports the Bill authorizing the temporary occupa-

tion of Yucatan.

Course of General Cass in the Senate meets with approval from the people-Con

vention at Baltimore in 1848-Hunkers and Barnburners-Votes in Convention

-Gen. Cass nominated for the Presidency-Remarks of Mr. Stevenson Presi-

dent of the Convention-Gcn. Cass' letter of acceptance-Baltimore Resolu-

tions-Gen. Cass resigns his seat in the Senate-His reception by the people,

on his route home-Campaign of 1848--Position of Mr. Van Buren--The Utica

Convention-Buffalo Convention-Bitterness of the opponents of the democra-

tic party against Gen. Cass--Characteristics of the contest--Confidence of the

democratic party in their candidates.

Effects of defeat in 1848-Increased confidence of the people in the political

views of Gen. Cass-He is re-elected to the Senate-First session of the thirty-

first Congress-Importance of the questions before it-The feeling of the south

-Course of ultra politicians-Efforts of Compromise-Propositions of Messrs.

Clay and Bell-Mr. Foote's Resolution-Gen. Cass' remarks-Remarks in re-

ply to Mr. Berrien-Report and Bill of committee of thirteen-Amendments to

the bill-Opposition to the admission of California-Remarks of Gen. Cass-

The "Fugitive Slave" bill--Suggestions of Gen. Cass in relation to it-Com-

promise measures-Their effects-Efforts of Gen. Cass and other eminent men

to create a sound state of feeling in regard to slavery-His remarks at a public

meeting in the city of New York-Extract from his letter to the Democratic

Union festival, at Baltimore-flis action on the slavery question approved by

the people-Repeal of Resolutions of Instruction by the Legislature of Michi-

igan-Unanimous re-election of Gen. Cass by the Legislature of Michigan, in

February, 1851.

CHAPTER XVIII.

Gen. Cass' acquirements and literary standing-His power as a writer-His com-
mand of language-Contributions to the Reviews-His sketches of Indian
character-His exposure of the frauds and inaccuracies of certain writers of In-
dian History-His account of the battle of New Orleans-His travels in the
East-xtract from North American Review-His addresses on several occa-
sions-Extract-Extracts from his address before the New England Society of
Michigan-France, its King, Court and Government-Extract from address
before the Agricultural Society of Michigan-His personal appearance, &c.—
Conclusion.
Page 410

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