ered an historical address on the work of Sunday schools during the past century at the State convention in Owosso in 1876, which was an address of great merit and deemed worthy of publication by the convention.

In the presbytery of Monroe he has been efficient as an elder; delivered an historical narrative of its fifty years' work in 1844, which was published in pamphlet form. He frequently responded to calls to deliver Fourth of July and historical addresses, as well as patriotic addresses.

He was the first to offer a premium of twentyfive dollars for the first man who would enlist as a volunteer in the first company formed in Monroe county at the opening of the war in 1861. On the call for the mass meeting in Jackson, July 6, 1854, participated in the organization of the Republican party. He never manifested any desire for political preferment, but was ever an ardent and zealous Republican.

His efficiency in the Sabbath school work, where he labored for forty-two years, can be attested by hundreds of teachers and scholars. Through his agency every member of the Fourth and Seventh Michigan regiments was furnished with a copy of the New Testament, and by his efforts the Presbyterian chapel was erected, to which he was a very liberal contributor. Commencing as a Sabbath school teacher at the age of sixteen, he labored fiftynine years (at this date sixty-one), for the youth of our land, giving a bright example of one who had never used intoxicating drinks or tobacco in any form, or uttered a profane word, or labored or traveled on the Sabbath.

He was active in every enterprise for the interests of Monroe, viz.: In building the plank road to Saline before the railroad was constructed; in building the Detroit, Monroe and Toledo railroad, and the Holly railroad, which was absorbed by the Flint and Pere Marquette; was one of the originators of the Monroe Female Seminary, and invested $3,000 for the brick addition, which proved a pecuniary loss; was interested in the Union hotel, now known as the Hubble block; also one of the organizers of the First National bank, of which he was a number of years president and vice-president; and for many years, and at the present time, president of the Monroe Bible Society, being the oldest Bible society in the Northwest, organized in 1821.

Mr. Boyd married in September, 1839, Miss Lucy Chapel, who lost her parents in early youth, and was adopted by Judge Wolcott Lawrence, an old and honored family of New England, who came to Michigan in 1817. Mr. Boyd had five children, three of whom died in childhood, leaving Irving P. Boyd, of New York, and Carrie L., residing at Monroe.

Mr. Boyd's character as a Christian gentleman for fifty years in the same community was exemplary, and his aim and purpose was to so live as to honor his Maker, and to lead all under his influence to do the same. In all moral and religious work for the good of his fellow men he was active and ready, and was known throughout the county in all its towns, attending the Sabbath school work and other gatherings with a ready address on the Bible, temperance and Sabbath school work, with illustrations for almost any emergency, giving

interest to his efforts.

I append a partial list of persons who have been clerks or partners in business during the fifty years of William H. Boyd, and their present residence as

present residence as far as known. Those marked * denote time of five years or more:

Elisha Field, California.
*Oscar Stoddard, dead.

*Allen Hammond, Hillsdale.
James Skinner, unknown.
E. A. Peltier, sr., Monroe, dead.
C. P. Woodruff, Detroit.
E. A. Howes, dead.
Moses B. Savage, dead.
Andrew Hastings, Detroit.
Reece H. Griffith, Rushtill, Illinois.
Robert Mockridge, dead.
*William H. Beach, dead.
Hosmer Chapman, dead.
*William Thompson, Fenton, Michigan.
Montgomery Thompson, Chicago.
Henry C. Seymour, Ohio.
George Seymour, Lyme, Ohio.
Byron Hammond, Michigan.
W. Van Miller, Monroe.
Henry C. Clark, Michigan.
C. S. Pratt, Jackson.
Frank G. Bulkley, Colorado.
John W. Anderson, dead.
Edward D. Fisk, dead.
Erving P. Boyd, New York city.
W. H. Smith, Brooklyn.
Edwin J. Mills, dead.

*Frank Lawrence, Sheboygan, Wisconsin. *Robert Powell, Aiken, South Carolina. *George W. Bruckner, Monroe. Leslie J. Anderson, unknown. *E. A. Peltier, jr., Monroe. *Richard Thompson, New York city. F. G. Salter, dead.

*William Steiner, Monroe.
C. Shumway, unknown.

James Powell, Aiken, South Carolina.
Henry B. Upham, unknown.
Courtney Hall, unknown.
Hubert Tucker, dead.
John Leffler, Monroe.
*F. H. Hubbard, Monroe.
Jefferson Thurber, Detroit.
Morgan C. Tyler, unknown.
H. R. Austin, Monroe.
Clark Snedicor, Detroit.
E. Strickland, unknown.

Of the many persons connected with him in business, it can be said that he never had a serious dispute or trouble of any kind.

Mason Noble, born March 18, 1809; married Ann C. Pleasants. William Addison Noble, born February 16, 1819; married Martha Beach.

Deodænus, the twin sister of Deodatus, was born in New Fairfield, Connecticut; died in Williamstown, Massachusetts, February 7, 1861, aged ninety-five years. She married for her second husband November 8, 1803, Deacon Benjamin Skinner, father of Harriet Skinner, the wife of Hon. Austin E. Wing. Mr. Skinner died at the residence of his daughter Harriet, in Monroe, December 4, 1828. By the second marriage of Deacon Benjamin Skinner George N. Skinner was born, in Williamstown; graduated at Williams College in 1827; read law with his half brother, Samuel Skinner, in LeRoy, New York; was a lawyer in LeRoy, New York, and subsequently copartner of Hon. Chauncey Joslyn, of Ypsilanti, Michigan, and died in the latter place April 8, 1850, aged forty-one years.

DEODATUS NOBLE,

Son of the Hon. David Noble, was born in New Fairfield, Connecticut, July 29, 1766; died in Monroe, Michigan, January 27, 1853, aged eighty-six. He was chosen May 18, 1814, a deacon of the Congregational church in Williamstown. It was upon his farm near the haystack that Gordon Hall and his associates formed their plan for foreign missions. In 1833 he removed to Monroe, Michigan. He was ever a useful citizen, an upright magistrate, and a faithful officer of the church a holy man, living not for this but a better world, and what he desired for his children was not wealth or position but character and usefulness.

He married February 27, 1794, Betsey Buikley, daughter of Charles and Betsey Bulkley, of Williamstown, who died in Monroe, Michigan, October 9, 1847, aged seventy-five.

The children of Deodatus Noble, all born in Williamstown, were: Charles Noble, born July 4, 1796; married Eliza Sims Wing. Elizabeth Abby Noble, born December 21, 1800; married Dr. George Landon. David Addison Noble, born November 9, 1802; married Sarah Shaw. Daniel Noble, born April 15, 1807; married Julia Beach; died aged sixty eight.

DANIEL NOBLE

Was born at Williamstown, Massachusetts, in April, 1807, and consequently at the time of his death was sixty-eight years of age. In the year 1830, while yet our State was a Terri. tory, his father's family-consisting of father, mother, five sons and one daughter-removed from their old home in Williamstown to Michigan, and settled in Monroe.

Before coming to Michigan, while still a young man, Mr. Noble experienced religion and united with the church in his native place. In 1833, with his father and mother, he united by letter with the Presbyterian church in Monroe. His Christian life and character was not a life of ostentation, display, or frowardness. It seemed the life of a meek and gentle spirit, the character of a lowly and humble mind that disdains the ambitious things of life, and was content with that purity and gentleness of character which is so Christlike. He was a good man

a pure man." Mr. Noble was for many years a merchant of Monroe - a number of years occupied the store on the corner of Washington and Front streets, afterwards the brick store corner of Monroe and First streets. Five years before his death he removed with his family to Olivet. At the time of his death he was on a visit to Monroe.

In 1834 Mr. Noble was united in marriage to Miss Julia Beach, with whom he has since lived in the loving intimacy that belongs to a Christian home. These parents have been blessed of God by the birth of eight children, four of whom have gone before, and four (three sons and one daughter) still remain. To these sons the inheritance of their father's blessed memory and pure example is a better treasure than anything of earth that he could have left them.

Mrs. Noble now survives him. She was born in East Bloomfield, New York, November 5, 1815, the daughter of Elisha and Lucretia (Norton) Beach, of East Bloomfield, and afterwards of Oberlin, Ohio. The children of this marriage were: Henry Mason Noble, born February 20, 1839; married Adelaide Morton, daughter of Hon. Edward G. Morton, of Monroe. Mary Lucretia, born May 3, 1843; married Rev. Owen D. Fisher. Edward Stanley, born November 20, 1849. Addison Bulkley, born September 15, 1856.

WILLIAM ADDISON NOBLE

Was born in Williamstown, Massachusetts, February 16, 1819; died at Monroe, September 21, 1887. He was the youngest son of Deodatus Noble, who was one of the trustees of Williams College, and the donor of the land on which the president's house stands; was a deacon in the Congregational church, and owned the land now known as "Mission Park," where Mills Hall and others held the celebrated missionary prayer meeting at the haystack, the origin of the Foreign Missionary Board.

William A. arrived in Monroe, June 1, 1833, after a rough passage from Buffalo. At the first port after leaving Buffalo, he had had all the experience he desired, and determined to make the rest of the journey to Michigan on foot, but was overruled by his father. His academic education was at Gambier, Ohio. His companions at the academy from Monroe were Charles W. Ford, Charles G. Johnson, William Van Horn Miller, and Talcott E. Wing.

At the age of eighteen he embarked in business at Gibralter, Wayne county, then the headquarters of the Patriots in the Canadian rebellion. Monroe, Brest and Gibralter were rival cities. Mr. Noble identified himself with

Gibralter, which was attracting the attention of Eastern capitalists, and the Gibralter company was comprised of them with a number of Detroit and Monroe capitalists. It was intended to connect Gibralter with Flat Rock, availing themselves of the Huron River, and a large amount of money was expended in the construction of a canal from Gibralter to Flat Rock, the banks of which can be seen from the Michigan Central railroad. The city of Gibralter had its bank with a large circulation, but it in common with the wild-cat banks collapsed, and the city with canal soon followed in its train.

Mr. Noble made the acquaintance of P. C. H. Brotherton, cashier of the Bank of Monroe, by whom he was employed, having charge of a country store at Manchester until 1844, at which time he purchased Brotherton's interest; in the following spring sold out, returned to Monroe, and in the spring of 1845 formed a copartnership with Hon. J. M. Sterling in the forwarding and commission business, with whom he continued ten years. In 1846 they built the "Black Warehouse," so called, which is still owned by Mr. Sterling. After the dissolution of this copartnership Mr. Noble was engaged in the mercantile business, in the plaster trade, in the lumber business, and in connection with the late Judge Phinney and Charles Tull built the elevator at the Michigan Central railroad depot, where he conducted business for a number of years. He was for a number of years deputy United States Marshal, and under President Grant was appointed postmaster of Monroe, which office he held for eight years. He then engaged in a produce and feed store, but in 1885 declining health compelled him to retire from business. He was an ardent Republican, and chairman of the Republican county committee for many years. His religious associations were with the First Presbyterian church of Monroe, of which he was a consistent member for very many years. He was always enterprising and honorable as a business man, and ever highly esteemed as an upright citizen.

Mr. Noble was married October 28, 1844, to Martha, daughter of Elisha Beach. They had one son, Mason A. Noble, and two daughters, Henrietta G., and Lucretia Belle Noble. The devotion of his family during his protracted illness enlisted the sympathy of a large circle

of friends; and as a devoted husband, father and esteemed citizen, his memory will long be cherished. He was a member of Monroe Lodge No. 27, Free and Accepted Masons, of which he was once master, and was also a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.

EDWARD LORANGER

Was born at Three Rivers, Canada, February 16, 1796, and settled at the River Raisin in 1816. He was a mason by trade, and lived first on the farm adjoining the Evon farm, with Alexis Loranger, the clerk of the first Catholic church, about two miles west of Monroe on the north side of the river. He took contracts from time to time, in Detroit, Malden, Frenchtown and Monroe. In 1822 he purchased the farm on Stony Creek on which he resided up to the time of his death. At the time of his purchase Indians were encamped on all sides of him.

He built in 1818 the first brick building in Frenchtown, known as the Lacroix house, on the north bank of the river below the railroad, now owned and occupied by Louis Lafontain. He built also the store next west of our city mill for Humphrey & Bacon; the Godfroy store on the south bank of the River Raisin on Macomb street; the printing office on the east side of Washington street, now owned by Mrs. Dr. Dorsch; helped build the brick store for Oliver Johnson on the site of the store on the corner of Washington and Front streets, now owned by Hon. Frederick Waldorf, and occupied as a clothing store by Louis Freidenburg. He also built the brick residence of Jacques Lasselle on the site of the Williams farm on the north side of the River Raisin. The first Catholic brick church was built by him in 1826, and was located on the rise of ground in the fourth ward, fronting on Noble avenue; also the addition to St. Mary's church in 1837, on Elm avenue.

Edward Loranger was married in 1826 to Marianne Navarre, who survives him. They

have five children living: Zoe married Ferdinand Revane; Josephine is unmarried; Joseph married Peter Lamb; Exavia married Medard Beaubien; and Emma married Frederick Bezzeau — all living in Monroe county.

About the time of his marriage he began work upon the saw and grist mills that have stood upon Stony Creek for more than half a century. He was one of the best known men of his township, popular with and respected by all who knew him-a man of high integrity, fine social interests, good business ability, and a valuable member of the community in which he lived. He died in October, 1887, aged ninety-one years.

JOHN TULL

Was born at East Locking, Berkshire, England, February 12, 1807. With his family he emigrated to America in 1831, and in 1832 settled in Monroe, where he resided the remainder of his life.

In 1837 he married Julia Ann, daughter of Colonel Peter P. Ferry. As the result of that marriage six children were born, of whom two sons and two daughters survive. The family of children are settled as far apart as the continent will permit. Charles D. Tull, the eldest son, who is chief clerk of the transportation department of the Philadelphia and Reading railroad, resides at Elizabeth City, New Jersey. Victor Tull is extensively engaged in mining operations on the Pacific coast, and resides at Puget Sound. Mrs. Ann Lloyd Kellogg, the eldest daughter, resides in Washington Territory, and Mrs. Julia M. Carlisle resides with her mother in Monroe.

Mr. John Tull was unostentatious yet intelligent, and esteemed for many years as an earnest advocate of temperance. He died April 9, 1886. His funeral services at Trinity church at Monroe were conducted by the Rev. Mr. Brooks, when the remains were taken charge of by the Masonic fraternity and buried with Masonic honors.

THE

HE harbor of Monroe, Michigan, is situated at the extreme westerly bend of Lake Erie, about one and a half miles west of the mouth of the River Raisin and about three and a half miles from the town of Monroe.

The attention of the General Government was first called to this locality by the act of Congress approved May 20, 1826, wherein an appriation of $200 was made for "The survey of La Plaisance Bay in the Territory of Michigan, to ascertain the expediency of improving the navigation thereof and the expense of effecting the same."

La Plaisance Bay is situated about two miles to the southward of the present entrance to the harbor of Monroe. The survey ordered by the act of Congress was made by Captain T. W. Maurice, of the Corps of Engineers, who reported that the bay was broad and shallow, the greatest depth available being nine or ten feet, and that it was surrounded on all sides except the lake by a marsh about one mile broad. The River Raisin, upon which the town of Monroe is situated, was connected with the bay near its head, but the navigable waters of the river and bay were separated by extensive shoals. The town of Monroe is connected with the bay by a railroad about four miles long.

Captain Maurice recommended the construction of a harbor of refuge at this locality by building a breakwater of cribs filled with stone, at a cost of $6,296.61. This plan was approved and the sum of $3,977.81 was appropriated to carry on the work. Operations were commenced in the spring of 1828, and by the close of September 1,050 linear feet of the breakwater had been completed. It was the opinion of Captain Maurice, however, that the work should be extended for the proper protection of the harbor, and he recommended the connection of the navigable waters of the bay with those of the River Raisin by means of parallel piers and dredging. In 1829 a survey

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was made to ascertain the practicability and cost of uniting the bay and river as recommended. An additional appropriation of $2,318 was made by the act of March 3, 1829, and the breakwater was extended 210 linear feet.

The works were completed in 1830, a breakwater 1,290 feet long having been constructed at a total cost of $6,261.85. This afforded protection to vessels drawing from eight to nine feet of water, but the engineer in charge again called attention to the impracticability of communication between the bay and the River Raisin for the ordinary class of vessels navigating the lake, and presented a plan and estimates for opening communication between them. On the 4th of October, 1831, a violent gale destroyed nearly the entire portion of the breakwater that had been built by contract in 1828, but did not injure the part subsequently built by hired labor. The engineer in charge asked for $7,841 to make the necessary repairs.

An appropriation of $8,000 was made by the act of July 3, 1832, and in September Captain Henry Smith, of the United States Army, who had succeeded to the charge of the harbor, made a careful examination of the work; he found that the whole of the breakwater, with the exception of 200 feet, had been washed away during the fall and winter of 1831, and that the portion built by contract had been entirely destroyed, leaving but a few stones to mark its position. In 1833 eight hundred and forty feet of new breakwater was constructed, and in 1834 an additional appropriation of $4,895 was made by the act of June 28th ; but on account of the prevalence of the cholera but little was done during the year, and in 1835 the work was prosecuted to completion. The breakwater was now 1,320 feet long, 12 feet wide, and averaged ten feet in height. The total cost was $19,014.87: The original pier cost $6,295.81, and the repairs and reconstruction $12,719.06. The work remained in good con