ADMITTED. New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union.. Effect of admission, n 229. List of new States and dates of admission, n 230. ADOPTION of this Constitution. All debts contracted or engagements entered into before the adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution as under the Confederation This article explained, n. 237. When the States shall have adopted the 14th constitutional amendment, n. 276, p. 283, § 5. ADVICE and consent of the Senate. President shall have power, by and with the, to make treaties and appoint ambassadors and all other officers. When and how given, n. 178. When necessary to an appointment, n. 179. Effect of, in fixing tenure of office, n. 184, p. 179, § 1. To advise upon suspension, if the Senate refuse to concur, Id. § 2. If the Senate fail to advise, the office to remain in abeyance, n. 184, p. 180, § 3. (See Tenure of Office.) AFFIRMATION. (See Oath or Affirmation, n. 242.) AGE. Qualification for a representative in Congress, 25 years..... AGE. AGE. Qualification for a senator in Congress, 30 years.... Qualification for President of the United States, 35 years... 35 years an indispensable requisite, n. 171. AGE. Qualification for Vice-President of the United States, 35 years. Amendments.. AGREEMENT or compact. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, enter into any agreement or compact with another State or a foreign power. Relates to what prohibitions; may enter into what, n. 164. ALABAMA. Qualifications for suffrage in, n. 17, p. 58. Six representatives, by the census of 1860, n. 24. Population of, in every decade, n. 24, pp. 69-71. Did not vote in the Presidential election of 1864, n. 167. Admitted as a State, n. 230. Ratified 13th amendment, n. 274. Rejected 14th amendment, n. 275. One of the non-reconstructed States, n. 276. Its provisional government defined, n. 276, p. 286, § 1. Action of its convention upon reconstruction, n. 277. Number of registered voters under the reconstruction laws, n. 278. ALIEN. A naturalized is a natural bornsubject, from birth, notes 274 to 276. ALIEN enemies. During war the inhabitants of each country are, n. 118 The inhabitants of the insurgent and rebel Štates were not, during the rebellion, n. 213. ALIENAGE is an indispensable element in the process of naturaliza tion, n. 274, p. 276. ALIENS, or persons of foreign birth, not eligible as President or Amendments.. Effect of naturalization upon, notes 93, 209. Of what suits courts have jurisdiction. Cannot maintain a real action; defined, n. 209. May take and hold real estate, n. 209, p. 204. May be made citizens by revolution or general law. The Constitution provides for naturalization of, n. 167. See Citizen, notes 19, 30, 35, 63, 69, 170, 206, 220, 221, 274, 275, 277. Negroes born in United States cannot he, n. 274. ALLEGATION. Citizenship of different States must be averred to give jurisdiction, n. 206. Native born ALLEGIANCE. Defined, n. 220, p. 164. An alien is one born out owe no, to the United States, n. 92, p. 112. "That I will This is a national power, n. 152. The same under the ALMIGHTY GOD. "Looking to the favor and guidance of," n. 5, p. 53. Remark on this, 1. 5. AMBASSADORS. The President shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate appoint, ambassadors, &c AMBASSADORS. The President shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers.. The power to receive, and other public ministers, carries along with it the power to receive consuls, n. 188. AMBASSADORS. The judicial power shall extend to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls Defined, n. 195. By what suits they are affected, n. 202. AMBASSADORS. In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. This clause explained, n. 210. No State under the Con- AMENDMENTS, as on other bills. All bills for raising revenue shall In what way they have been proposed; President's ap- AMERICA. The Confederacy shall be "The United States of." AMERICA. "We, the People of the United States," &c., "do ordain United States of, defined, n. 13. Preamble of the n. 211. ..... APPOINT. Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the legis lature thereof may direct, a number of electors. (See All the States now appoint electors by popular election, APPOINTED. No senator or representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments of which shall have been increased during such time.. To accept such office vacates his seat, n. 62, 63. (See Office.) APPOINTED. No senator or representative, or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an elector... APPOINTMENT of officers of the militia reserved to the States respectively... This power discussed, n. 135. This power ceases when the citizens are conscripted, n. 118, p. 132. APPOINTMENT of electors of President and Vice-President of the United States. (See Appoint.) Amendments... APPOINTMENTS. The executives of States may make temporary appointments of Senators in the recess of the legislatures thereof to fill vacancies He cannot make an appointment to fill a prospective vacancy, n. 33. APPOINTMENTS. The President shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint, ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law. But the Congress may by law vest the appointment of such inferior officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments.. This duty is imperative, n. 179, p. 175. Without a commission there is no appointment Nomination and appointment are voluntary acts, n. 179, p. 176. President may make temporary, during suspension, n. 184, p. 179. § 2. APPOINTMENTS. The President shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions (or appointments), which shall expire at the end of their next session. 66 The subject discussed and explained; vacancy APPORTIONED. Representatives and direct taxes to be apportioned among the several States according to their respective 1 numbers, &c. Amendments Defined, n. 23. (See Representatives.) APPORTIONMENT. Ratio for, through each decade, notes 21, 280. Direct taxes to be laid by the rule of, notes 22, 144. The, of Representatives under census of 1860, n. 24. APPRAISEMENT and stay laws unconstitutional, n. 160. APPRENTICES are "persons held to service," n. 226. APPROPRIATION of money to the use of armies shall not be for a longer period than two years. May be for a shorter period, n. 126.. APPROPRIATIONS. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury but in consequence of appropriations made by law, and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expendi 14 1 8 12 29,180 tures of all public money shall be published from time "Money' defined, and Confederate Constitution com- APPROVAL of President makes a bill law, n. 66. APPROVED. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a law, be presented to the President. If he approve, he shall sign it. (See Veto.)... Every bill takes effect prospectively from the time it is approved, n. 66. APPROVED. Any bill returned by the President with objection, may become a law if approved by two-thirds of both houses of Congress.... The veto power and its history, n. 67. Two-thirds of a quorum is sufficient, n. 68. APPROVED. Every order, resolution, or vote to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment), shall be presented to the President of the United States to be approved or disapproved by him.... ARE. A joint resolution becomes a law, n. 70. Is 100 square meters, n. 102, p. 119, § 2. ARKANSAS. Qualification of suffrage in, n. 17, p. 60. Three representatives, by census of 1860, n. 24, p. 68. Population of, in each decade, n. 24, pp. 69, 70. Did not vote in the presidential election of 1864, n. 167. Assigned to the eighth judicial circuit, n. 197. Admitted into the Union, n. 230. Its history during the rebellion, n. 235. Ratified the 13th amendinent, n. 274; and rejected the 14th, n. 275. One of the non-reconstructed States, n. 276, § 1. Its provisional government defined, n. 276, p. 286. Number of registered voters, n. 278. ARMED troops. For quartering large bodies of, Dec. of Ind. p. 4. ARMIES. Congress shall have power to raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years.. This power did not exist under the Confederation, n. 122. The rights of enlistment and conscription; extent of this power, n. 125. Limitation on appropriations for, n. 126. ARMING. Congress shall have power to provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia.. The extent of this power defined, n. 134, 135. ARMS. The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. Amendments.. This is a national right; does not give the right to carry ARMY. Congress shall have power to make rules for the govern- ... ARMY. The President shall be commander-in-chief of the ariny. Why this power was conferred. Need not command in person. What rules he may establish, n. 175. ARMY. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. Amendments... This relates to armies, n. 250. ...... ARMY or Navy. No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service, in time of war or public danger. Amendments...... The extent of this exception defined and discussed, notes 118, 274. ARREST. Senators and representatives shall, in all cases except treason, felony, and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the sessions of their respective houses, and in going to and returning from the same.. The privilege extends to all civil process, n. 57. The privilege commences from the election, n. 59, and protects the member who loses his seat on contestation, n. 60. All persons under military arrest, to be tried without unnecessary delay, and how, n. 276, p. 282, § 4. When the President may order military arrests, n. 165. ARSENALS, &c. Congress shall have power, to exercise exclusive legislation over arsenals, &c.... Extent of jurisdiction over, defined and discussed. The power to legislate carries the power to make it effectual, n. 137. ARTICLES of Confederation and perpetual Union, pp. 8, 21. The preamble to, pp. 8, 9. By what States, p. 9. Style of, Art. I. p. 9. Each State retains its sovereignty, &c, Art. II. p. 9. A firm league of friendship, Art. III p. 10. For common defense, the security of their liberties, and general welfare, Art. III. p. 9. Who entitled to the priv ileges and immunities of free citizens, Art. IV. p. 10. Freo ingress and egress, &c., Id. Fugitives from justice to be delivered up, ld. Full faith and credit to acts, records, and judicial proceedings, of the courts of each State, Id. Delegates to Congress to be appointed, and how, Id. Not less than two nor more than seven members, Art. V. p. 10. Qualifications of delegates, Id. Each State to maintain its delegates, Id. And have one vote, Id. Freedom of speech, of debate, and from arrests, Id. Inhibitions upon the States, Art. VI. pp. 11, 12, 13. Officers under the rank of colonel to be appointed by the legislature, Art. VII. All charges of war and other expenses, how levied, Art. VIII. p. 13. The powers of the United States in Congress, and mode of proceeding. Art. IX. pp. 14-19. To determine, peace and war, ambassadors, treaties, captures, prizes, marque and reprisal, piracies, felonies, and appeals, Art. IX. p. 14. Controversies between States, and the mode of hearing and settlement, Art. IX. pp. 14, 15. And grants by different States, Id. p. 16. Coin, weights, and measures, Indians, post-offices, and postage, Id. Officers above regimental, Art, IX. pp. 16, 17. Committee of the States," other committees, and civil officers. To borrow money, emit bills of credit, &c., Art. IX. p. 17. The navy and army, Id. Quotas, how arranged, Id. p. 18. Restrictions upon Congress, without the assent of nine States, Id. What upon majority, Id. The power and limitations on adjournment; yeas and nays, and publication of journal, Art. IX. p. 19. The powers of the Committee of the States, Art. X. p. 19. Canada and other States, how admitted, Art. X. p. 19. The debts of the government, how guarantied, Art. XII. p. 19. The States to abide the determinations of Congress, Art. XIII. p. 20. Union perpetual, Id. Articles inviolably observed, Id. Alterations, how made, Id. Ratification of the articles, p. 20; Signers, p. 21. "A ARTS. Congress shall have power to promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing, for limited times, to authors and inventors, the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries... To promote, progress, arts, science, and authors, defined, n. 107. Art distinguished from science, n. 107, p. 122. Inventors defined, 108. Patents liberally construed, 108. The laws on the subject, Id. ASSEMBLE Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, |