2. How often must Congress assemble?

"The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day."— Art. I. § 4. 2.

3. Who are to judge of the elections, returns, and qualifications of members?

"Each house shall be the judge of the elections, returns, and qualifications of its own members."Art. I. § 5. 1.

4. Suppose two persons from the same district claim that they have been elected representatives for that district?

The house decides which is entitled to a seat.

5. How large a number of each house constitutes a quorum?

"A majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business."- Art. I. § 5. 1.

6. Suppose there is not a majority present?

"A smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members, in such a manner, and under such penalties, as each house may provide.” — Art. I. § 5. 1.

7. Who determine the rules of proceeding in each house?

"Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly conduct, and, with the concurrence of two thirds, expel a member."- Art. I. § 5. 2.

8. What are the rules adopted by legislative bodies for transacting business called?

Parliamentary law.

9. When is a man said to be unparliamentary? When he does not observe parliamentary rules.

10. What does the Constitution require in regard to a journal?

"Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such parts as may in their judgment require secrecy." Art. I. § 5. 3.

11. When must the yeas and nays be entered on the journal?

"The yeas and nays of the members of either house on any question shall, at the desire of one fifth of those present, be entered on the journal."- Art. I. § 5. 3.

12. Why was this provision?

That it may be known how every member votes on a question.

13. What evil may result from this provision? A factious minority may, by calling for the yeas and nays on every question, needlessly consume time and impede legislation.

14. What is the provision in regard to adjournment? "Neither house, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting." Art. I. § 5. 4.

15. Do the members of Congress receive compensation for their services?

"The senators and representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the United States." — Art. I. § 6. 1.

16. What compensation do they now [1867] receive?

Five thousand dollars a year, and eight dollars for every twenty miles travelled in going to and returning from the seat of government.

17. What are the constitutional privileges of members of Congress?

"They shall, in all cases, except treason, felony, and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either house, they shall not be questioned in any other place." Art. I. § 6. 1.

18. Why is this privilege from arrest given?

That the constituents may not be deprived of the services of their representative.

19. Suppose a member uses language in the house which would subject him to prosecution if uttered elsewhere?

He cannot be called to account for it elsewhere.

20. Why is he thus protected?

In order that there may be perfect freedom of speech in debate.

21. To what offices are senators and representatives ineligible?

"No senator or representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased, during such time." Art. I. § 6. 2.

22. What is the object of this provision?

To prevent corruption on the part of members of Congress.

23. Can any one holding an office under the United States be a member of Congress?

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"No person holding any office under the United States shall be a member of either house during his continuance in office.” — Art. I. § 6. 2.

24. Suppose an officer in the army is elected to Congress?

He must resign his commission before he can take his seat.

25. Why is this required?

That the different departments. of government may be kept distinct.

CHAPTER XI.

MODE OF PASSING LAWS.

1. Where must revenue bills originate?

"All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills." Art. I. § 7. 1.

2. What reason can be given for this?

It may be said that the representatives are more closely connected with the people who pay the taxes, and therefore, bills for laying taxes should originate with them.

3. What is done with a bill when it has passed both houses of Congress?

"Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a law, be presented to the President of the United States. If he approves, he shall sign it; but if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to that house in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration, two thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall be likewise reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that house, it shall become a law." - Art. I. § 7. 2.

4. How shall the votes in such cases be determined? "In all such cases the votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively." - Art. I. § 7. 2.

5. In what other way may a bill become a law without the signature of the President?

"If any bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their adjournment prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law.". - Art. I. § 7. 2.

6. What must be done with every order, resolution, or vote of the Senate and House of Representatives? "Every order, resolution, or vote, to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representa