winter food of the draught oxen, ftraw and hay, but never work on ftraw alone: They prefer horses so much, that oxen are going out of ufe by degrees. The time of breaking up their stubbles is at Candlemas; from four to feven inches deep; the price of 'ploughing from 35. 6d. to 5s. And that of a cart, three horses, and driver, 4s. They know nothing of cutting straw into chaff... They calculate, that a man who hires a farm of 500l. a year, fhould have from two to 3000%. Land fells at thirty years purchase: Very few small eftates. Tythes in general compounded. It is not the custom for the farmers to raise any thing, by way of rate, for the maintenance of their poor, but each keeps his own fhare: As to the expence, it scarcely amounts to a farthing in the pound. The poor women and children have no employment. They are not tea-drinkers, but fmoke tobacco immoderately. The farmers carry their corn eight miles. The economy of their farms may be seen from the following sketches. 6000 acres in all 2000 arable 4000 grafs £.1050 rent 100 horfes 80 oxen 30 cows 200 young cattle 8000 sheep 12 men 6 boy's 6 boy's 80 labourers 15 ploughs 20 carts. Another, 20 oxen 20 COWS 80 young cattle 2000 sheep 2 men 2 boys 2 maids 25 labourers 8 ploughs to carts. Another, 1000 acres in all 400 arable 600 grafs £.500 rent 20 horfes 16 oxen 8 cows 800 sheep 3. boys 2 maids I waggon 8 ploughs LABOUR. 1500 grafs £700 rent 20 horfes In harvest, Is. 6d. In hay-time, 1s. 6d. In winter, Is. F 2 Mow Mowing grafs, I s. 4d. to Is. 6d. Next ditto, 67. Boy of ten or twelve years, 31. Women per day, in harvest, 8 d. to I s. In winter, 4 d. But I should here remark, that fome of these prices respect only the hands which do not belong to the village; for their own labourers are not paid in money, but in what is called here boll and ftent: That is, the farmer pays as follows. He keeps the man two cows; allows him fixty-fix bushels of grain of all forts; one ftone of wool, (2416. to the ftone ;) leads his coals; finds him a houfe; half a rood of land for potatoes; keeps him a hog; and fows half a peck of flax for him: The wife has 5s. for her hay and harvest; and a boy, when of twelve years of age, thirty bushels of corn. IMPLEMENT S. A waggon, 187. A cart, 71. A plow, 17. 8 s. A harrow, 18 s. A fcythe, 2 s. 6 d. A fpade, A fpade, 3 s. 6 d. Laying a share, 4 d. ➡a coulter, 4 d. Shoeing, I s. 4 d. PROVISIONS, Bread-peafe and barley. Cheese, Soap, Labourers houfe-rent, 9 s. to 12 s. firing, 20 s. tools found by the farmer. BUILDING. Bricks, 12s. 6d. and very bad. A mafon per day, 1 s. 6d. A carpenter, ditto. In the township of Fenton are F 3 2 farms 2 farms 1000 acres sheep-walk 30 labourers 34 horfes 30 oxen 46 cows 1150 fheep. From Wooller I turned afide to go up Chez viot Hill, whofe towering head invited me to the profpect, which I could not but fuppose he must command. The height of this mountain is prodigiously great, and the view from it on all fides moft extenfive. I faw Gateshead Fell, near Newcastle, at the dif tance of fifty-five miles, and feveral objects in Scotland, beyond Edinburgh, as I was told. Between Wooller and Rothbury, and also between Alnwick and Rothbury, are vaft tracks of mountainous moors: Indeed, all the latter fifteen miles are abfolutely uncultivated, except half a mile of inclofed valley about half way: The ling in vaft tracks, high, thick, and luxuriant, and the foil fine light loam: In fome places black, but every where deep. I do not conceive that there is an acre of it, but what might be made, at a fmall expence, worth 8 or IO S. for ever. What a field for improvement! What a noble fource of riches and population! How much is it to be regretted, that fuch extenfive tracks of land fhould remain in such a defolate condition, whilst the a |