...preponderates in young trees and the heart wood in the old. Also, he says, according to Buffon and Duhamel, in trees that have not arrived at maturity, the hardness...are greatest at the heart and decrease towards the sap wood But, in the mature or perfect tree, the heart wood is nearly uniform while that of a tree...

...southern, parts of Europe. The decline of trees appears to be caused by the decay of the heart-wood. In trees that have not arrived at maturity, the hardness...softer at the centre than it is next the sap-wood. and perfection of the trees. When a tree is felled too soon, the greater part of it is sap-wood, and...