been saved if they had been housed, and the common feelings of humanity exercised towards them.

Cattle are subject to a variety of diseases in Canada, the most prevalent and fatal of which is that of the hollow horn. In Winter, when the cold is intense, and the poor animals are nearly famishing with hunger, the pith of the horn becomes frozen, and, as the Spring approaches and the weather becomes warmer, a mortification ensues, which very soon proves fatal, unless prevented by the amputation of the horns, or by boring them with a large gimlet, and immediately injecting a quantity of turpentine. The holes should be made in the under part of the horn, that the corrupted matter may run off as soon as possible.

SHEEP, in every part of the country, are the most miserable-looking animals imaginable. They seldom weigh more than 50 lbs. a carcase, and their wool averages about 2 lbs. and a half a fleece. But it is greatly superior in quality to English wool. This, I believe, is partly to be attributed to the introduction of Merino sheep into the country by the late Lord Selkirk, and partly to the influence of climate; for it is a well-known fact, that animals of all kinds, inhabiting cold countries, are clothed with a much finer coat than that which covers the same species in warmer climes. In Canada, the Summer weather is too hot to allow sheep to feed in the day-time; and, in the night, they must be housed to preserve them from the

ravages of the wolf. This circumstance alone precludes the possibility of improving their breed; for if the best sheep in Europe were compelled to submit to a similar mode of treatment, they would certainly degenerate, and become worse than the Canadian breed,-if worse were possible.

HOGs, and particularly those which are mixed with the English breed, are of an excellent description, thrive well, and are exceedingly hardy, though not large. They are generally killed at a year and a half old, when they weigh about two hundred-weight. They are always fattened upon maize; and their flesh is, in my opinion, equal to Irish Pork.

Beef, though seldom found of first-rate quality, is generally of a very fair kind; but mutton bears no more resemblance to English mutton, than Virginia tobacco does to refined liquorice-ball.

The French horses sell for about £15 each; the better sort of the horses of Upper Canada, for £20. Oxen cost £15 a yoke; cows, 50 shillings a piece; and sheep, about 6 shillings and 3 pence each.

The WILD ANIMALS of Canada are very numerous, and many of them exceedingly troublesome. They are, the Buffalo, or Bison; the Moose, or Elk; the Fallow-Deer; the Bear and Wolf; the Wolverine, Fox, and Catamount; the Wild Cat, Lynx, and Kincajew; the Weasel, Ermine, Martin, and Mink; the Otter, Fisher, Skunk, and Opossum; the Wood Chuck, Hare, and Racoon;

the Black, Grey, Red, Striped, and Flying Squirrel; the Beaver, the Musk-Rat, and Field-Mouse; the Mole and the Porcupine.

The MAMMOTH is supposed by the Indians to be still an inhabitant of the Canadas; but his existence at present is very doubtful. The bones of these huge animals have repeatedly been found in different parts both of the Old and New Continent, but particularly in the latter. From the form of their teeth, they are supposed to have been carnivorous; and from the size of their bones, it is evident, that they were at least ten times larger than an elephant. Their remains have been discovered very frequently at the various salt-springs which are contiguous to the river Ohio; and in several other regions of the New Continent. The Indians have various traditions respecting these animals, many of which appear to be tinctured with absurdity. One of the Virginia Governors, having asked some delegates of the Delaware tribe of Indians, what they knew or had heard about the Mammoth, the chief speaker immediately put himself into an oratorical attitude, and with a pomp suited to the supposed elevation of his subject, informed the Governor, that it was a tradition handed down from their fathers, that, "In ancient times, a herd of these animals came to the big bone licks, and began an universal destruction of the bears, deer, elks, buffaloes, and other animals, which had been created for the use of the Indians,

But the Great Man above, looking down and beholding the slaughter, was so enraged, that he seized his lightning, descended to the earth, and, seating himself upon a neighbouring mountain,— on a rocky point of which his seat and the print of his feet may still be seen, he hurled his bolts among them, till the whole were slaughtered, excepting the big bull, which, presenting his forehead to the shafts, shook them off as they fell. At length, however, he omitted to parry one, which wounded him on the side; when the enraged animal sprung forward, and bounded over the Wabash, the Illinois, and, finally, over the Great Lakes."

Colonel G. Morgan says, when he first visited the Salt Licks, on the Ohio, he met a large party of the Iriquois and Wyandot Indians, who were then on a war expedition against the Chickasaw tribe. He fixed on the head chief, a man 84 years of age, as a person likely to give him some authentic information respecting the existence of these -animals. After making him some small presents of tobacco and ammunition, and complimenting him on the wisdom of his nation, their prowess in war and prudence in peace, he signified his own ignorance respecting the bones which then lay · before them, and requested the chief to tell him what he knew concerning them. "While I was “ yet a boy,” said the venerable monarch," I passed "this road several times to war, against the Catawbas; and the wise old chiefs, among whom was

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my own grandfather, then gave me the tradition "handed down to us respecting those bones, the "like of which are found in no other part of the "country. After the Great Spirit first formed the "world, he made the various birds and beasts "which now inhabit it. He also made man ; but, having formed him white and very imperfect " and ill-tempered, he placed him on one side "of it, where he now dwells, and whence he "has lately found a passage across the great "water, to be a plague to us. As the Great Spirit "was not pleased with this his work, he took a piece of black clay, and made what white men "call A NEGRO, with a woolly head. This black man was much better than the white man; but “ he did not answer the wishes of the Great Spirit, "that is, he was imperfect. At last the Great Spirit, "having procured a piece of pure red clay, formed "from it the red man, perfectly to his mind; and "he was so well pleased with him, that he placed "him on this great island, separate from the white "and black men, and gave him rules for his con"duct, promising him happiness in proportion as

they should be observed. He increased accordingly, and was quite happy for ages. But the "foolish young people, at length forgetting those "rules, became exceedingly ill-tempered and "wicked. In consequence of this, the Great Spirit "created the Great Buffalo, [meaning the Mam"moth,] the bones of which are now before us. "These made war upon the human species alone,