AUTHOR OF CRITICAL RESEARCHES IN GEOGRAPHY, EDITOR OF ROLLIN'S ANCIENT HISTORY,
ILLUSTRATED BY A COMPLETE SERIES OF MAPS, AND OTHER ENGRAVINGS.
A. FULLARTON AND CO., 34, HUTCHESON STREET; AND 6, ROXBURGH PLACE, EDINBURGH:
W. CURRY, JUN., & CO., DUBLIN: SIMPKIN AND MARSHALL, AND ORR AND SMITH, LONDON.
FILLARION AND CO., PRINTERS, VILLAFIELD.
CHAP. II. PHYSICAL FEATURES-CLIMATE-PRODUC-
TIONS-Mountains-Rivers, 5-Lakes-Ca-
nals, 6-Climate - Vegetable Productions-
Tea Plant, 7-Animals-Minerals, 9.
СНАР. 111. AGRICULTURE MANUFACTURES AND
COMMERCE-MONEY-WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
-Agriculture, 10-Ornamental Gardening-
Manufactures-Engraving and Printing, 12-
Paper-Ink-Hair Pencils-Porcelain, 13-
Silk Manufactures- Nankeens-Trade and
Commerce, 14-Money-Weights and Mea-
sures, 16.
CHAP. IV. POPULATION-MANNERS AND CUSTOMS-
RELIGION-LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND SCI-
ENCE-Population, 16-Manners and Customs
-General appearance of the Country and its
Inhabitants, 17-Physical Constitution, 20-
Ranks-Dress, 21-Houses, 22-Marriages,
23-Marriage of the Dead-Births, 24-Edu-
cation, 25-Domestic Life and Diet-Chinese
Inns, 26-Amusements and Festivals-Cere-
monies, 27-Funerals, 29-General Character
of the Chinese, 30-Religion, 31-Tao-tse, 32
-Confucius, 33-Fo, 34- Christians, 40-
Language and Literature, 43-Arts and Sci-
ences- Astronomy -Architecture - Great
Wall, 47-Arithmetic-Optics-Chemistry-
Medicine, 48-Music, 49.
СНАР. У.
GOVERNMENT-LAWS-REVENUE-ARMY
AND NAVY-Emperor's Council-Public Tri-
bunals, 49-Corruption and Oppression-
Causes of its permanency, 51-Chinese Court,
52-Law, 53-Revenue, 56-Military Force,
57-Navy, 58-Fortifications, 59.
CHAP. VI. TOPOGRAPHY, 59-KING-SE OR PE-CHE-LI
-Peking, 60-KYANG-NAN, 61-Nan-king-
Su-chen-fu, 62-SHAN-SI, 63—SHAN-TONG-HO-
NAN, 64-SHEN-SI-CHE-KYANG, 65-KYANG-
SEE-HOO-KWANG, 67-SE-CHWEN-FO-KYEN,
68-CANTON, 69-Fo-kan-Chao-cheu-fu, 70-
Lyen-cheu-fu — KWANG-SI, 71 — YUN-NAN-
KWEI-CHEU, 72-Authorities, 73.
I. MANDSHOORIA, OR EASTERN TARTARY-Divisions.
CHAP. I. PHYSICAL FEATURES-CLIMATE-PRODUC-
TIONS, 79-Mountains, 80-Rivers-The Am-
oor, 81-Climate, 82-Soil and Productions, 83.
CHAP. II. INHABITANTS AND POPULATION, 86-Lan-
guage, 89.
CHAP. III. CITIES AND TOWNS, 90-II. CENTRAL ASIA
-Boundaries and Extent, 91-1. MONGOLIA,
92-Physical Aspect, 93.
CHAP. I. NORTHERN MONGOLIA, 93-Boundaries-
Mountains, 94-Rivers, 95-Lakes-Climate,
Soil, and Produce, 96-Mineralogy and Zoo.
logy, 97-Inhabitants, 98-Religion, 101-
Language and Literature, 101-Manners and
Customs, 106-Cities, 108-History, 109.
CHAP. II. SOUTHERN MONGOLIA, OR THE COUNTRY
OF THE SHARRA OR YELLOW MONGOLS, 117-
II. SOONGARIA, OR COUNTRY OF THE ELUTAS,
120-Name-Climate, 121-Mountains, 122–
Lakes, 123-Rivers, 124-Cities, &c.-Inhabi-
tants, 125.-11I. LESSER BUKHARIA, OR EASTERN
TOORKISTAUN-Name - Boundaries - Super-
ficial Extent, 128-Historical Notice-Physi-
cal Aspect-Mountains, 129-Rivers-Lakes,
130-Deserts-Climate-Soil and Produce-
Divisions-1st. Province of Khashghar, 131-
Yarkund Khotan, &c. 132 - Province of
Auksoo, 133-Toorfaun, 134- Province of
Hami, 135-Inhabitants, 136-SOUTHERN PART
OF CENTRAL ASIA-I. WESTERN DIVISION, 137.
CHAP. I. UPPER BASIN OF THE INDUS-Upper
Kaushkaur, 137-Little Thibet-Khofalun-
PRINCIPALITY OF LADAUK, 138 District of
Changthang, 145.
CHAP. II. UPPER BASIN OF THE SUTLUJ-Speetee
of Ladauk-District of Khoonawoor, 147-
Oondes, or highest valley of the Sutluj, 149-
Subdivisions and places of note, 153-11. EAS-
TERN DIVISION, OR THIBET PROPER-Extent
and Boundaries, 154-Names and Divisions,
155-Physical Features, 157-Mountains, 158
-Topography, 159-Lakes-Rivers, 160-Cli.
mate-Soil and Productions-Inhabitants, 162
-Language and Literature, 163-Commerce
and Manufactures - Religion-Government,
164-Manners and Customs, 165-Cities, 168
-Historical Notice-TANGOOT OR SEEFAUN, 167-1. SEEFAUN OR TOOFAUN, 168–11. THE
ELUTHS OF KOKONOOR, 170-III. DISTRICT OF
SHACHEW, 172.
CHAP. II. ARCHIPELAGO OF LOO-CHOO, 189-Histo-
rical Notice-Number and Situation-Climate
and Productions, 190-Inhabitants, 191.
CHAP. III. THE PHILIPPINES, 191–Manilla, 192—
THE BISSAY ISLANDS-THE CALAMIANES-MIN-
DANAO, 194 SOOLOO-Authorities, 195.
CHAP. IV. BORNEO-History-Physical Features,
&c. 196 Productions - Population, 197-
STATES-Borneo Proper, 198-State of Sam-
bas-State of Passir-States of Banjarmassin,
&c.-States of Succadana, &c.--Authorities,
200.
CHAP. V. CELEBES AND THE MOLLUCCAS, 201-Re-
ligion Sanghir, &c. 202- The Moluccas -
Volcanoes-Climate and Plants-The Clove,
203-The Nutmeg-Historical Notices, &c.
204-Spice Trade, 205-BANDA ISLANDS AND
RESIDENCY-Authorities, 207.
CHAP. VI. JAVA AND MADURA-Situation and Extent
-Name and History, 207-Coasts, 208-Phy-
sical Features, 209-Climate-Productions,
210-Population, 211-Javanese, 212-Zyeng-
ger and Bedui-Government-States of Susu-
hunar and Djocjokarta, 214-Batavia, 215-
Madura-Authorities, 216.
CHAP. VII. THE TIMORIAN CHAIN-Timor-Produc- tions, 216-Dutch and Portuguese Possessions -Population, 217- Trade - Rotti -Savu- Sandal-Wood Island-Solor, &c. 218-Ende,
CHAP. VIII. SUMATRA AND ADJACENT ISLANDS-Phy-
sical Features, 219-Productions-Animals,
220- Minerals Population-Manners and
Customs, 221-Cannibalism, 222-Languages
Religion, 223-Topography-Palembang, 224.
Bencoolen, 225 — Menangkaboo - Campan-
Natal-Acheen-The Batta Country-ISLAND OF PULO NIAS, 226-ISLAND OF LINGGA, 227- Authorities, 228.
CHAP. IX. ISLANDS IN THE BAY OF BENGAL- Anda-
man Islands, 228-Nicobar Islands, 229–
Authorities, 230.
CHAP. X. CEYLON-Historical Notice, 230-Physi-
cal Features-Climate, 231-Productions, 232
Population, 233-Religion-Imports and Ex-
ports, 235-Revenue, &c.-Topography, 236
Political Importance, 238-ADJACENT ISLANDS
-Authorities, 239.
CHAP. XI. THE MALDIVES AND LACCADIVES, 239
GENERAL INTRODUCTION-Divisions-General As-
pect, 241-Rivers, 242-Climate, 243-Produc-
tions, 244-Population-Of the Peopling of
America, 245- Norwegian Discoveries-
Madoc's Voyage Martin Behaim, 247 -
Columbus, 248-First Voyage of Columbus,
219-Second Voyage of Columbus, 254-Third
Voyage of Columbus, 255-Columbus's Fourth
Voyage, 256-Amerigo Vespucci, 257-Vasco
Nunez John Cabot, 258-Minor Notices,
259.
NORTH-WEST REGION AND INDIAN TRIBES.
North-West Passage, 261-Captain Franklin's
Discoveries, 268-The Aleutian Islands, 270—
General Description of Russian America-
Continuation of North-West Region, 271.
CHAP. II. INDIAN TRIBES-Persons and Dress, 272
-Habitations-Marriage, 274-Diseases and
Burials - Hunting, 275-Religion-Govern.
ment, 276-War, 277-Amusements, Lan-
guage, &c. 279.
CHAP. III. GREENLAND -Situation and Boundaries
Historical Notice, 281-Face of the Country,
282-Climate-Productions-Animals, 283—
Geology-Inhabitants, &c. 285-Commerce-
Whale Fishery, 287-Settlements-ADJACENT
ISLANDS, 289.
CHAP. II. CANADA-Boundaries and Extent, 295-
Historical Notice Coasts, 296-Rivers -
LAKES-Lake Superior, 297-Lake Huron-
Lake Michigan, 298-Lake St Clare-Lake
Erie Straits and Falls of Niagara, 299-Lake
Ontario-Falls of Montmorenci, 300-Moun-
tains-Climate-Soil and Cultivation, 301 —
Animals, 302-Vegetable Productions-Forest Trees, 304-Minerals, 305-Population-Man- ners and Customs, 306-Emigrants-Indian Population-Commerce, 308-Timber Trade, 309-Government, 310-Revenue-Religion-
CHIEF TOWNS, 311-Montreal - Kingston-
Newark-York, 312-Lord Selkirk's Colony-
The Talbot Settlement-Canada Company
Settlements, 313.
CHAP. III. NOVA SCOTIA-Boundaries and Extent,
313-Civil Divisions-Historical Notice, 314
-Physical Features, 315-Climate-Soil and Agriculture, 316-Population-Government Militia-Halifax Division, 317-Eastern Di
vision-Middle Division-Western Division
-CAPE BRETON, 318-Climate-Commerce,
319-Isle of Sable-NEW BRUNSWICK, 320.
CHAP. IV. NEWFOUNDLAND AND THE BERMUDA IS-
LANDS, 320-Cod-fishery-Population, 321-
History-PRINCE EDWARD'S ISLAND—ANTI-
GOSTI-THE BERMUDA ISLANDS, 322.
Preliminary Remarks, 324-Boundaries, 326-
Extent, 327-Superficial Measure, 328.
СНАР. 1. HISTORY, 332-War with Spain and
France-War with France, 338- Rupture
with Britain, 339-Opening of the First Con-
gress, 312-Battle of Bunker's Hill-Proceed.
ings of Congress, 313-Declaration of Inde-
pendence, 346-Burgoyne's Expedition, 347-
Treaty with France, 348-Operations in the
Southern States, 319-Treaty of Peace-Ar.
ticles of Confederation, 350-War with Bri-
tain, 351-Campaign of 1812, 355-Naval Suc- cesses-Campaign of 1813, 356-Campaign of 1814, 358-Concluding Reflections, 363.
CHAP II. PHYSICAL FEATURES-Aspect of the
Country, 364-Bays and Gulfs, 367-Lakes,
368-Swamps-RIVERS, 370-The Penobscot-
The Connecticut-The Hudson, 371-The
Delaware The Susquehannah, 372-The
Potowmack-York River, 373-James' River
-The Roanoake-Cape Fear River-The
Great Pedee River-The Santee-The Savan-
nah-The Alatamaha-The Chatahoochee,
374 The Mohile-The Pearl River - The
Genessee, 375-The Missouri, 376-The Mis-
sissippi-The Illinots, &c. 385-The Ohio, &c.
386-The Wabash-The Tennessee, 388-The
Arkansaw-The Red River, 389-The White
River, 390-MOUNTAINS, 391-The White
Mountains, 392-The Alleghany Chain, 393-
The Black Mountains-The Rocky Moun-
tains, 394-GEOLOGY - Granitic Region -
Sandstone Region, 397-Calcareous Region-
Region of Sea Sand-Alluvial Region, 398-
Natural Curiosities, 399-Indian Forts, 401-
Medicinal Waters and Hot Springs, 403.
CHAP. III. CLIMATE-SOIL AND PRODUCTIONS, 404-
Northern Climate, 405-Central Climate-
Southern Climate, 406-Western Climate, 408
-Degree of Humidity, 409-Seasons, 411-
Soil and Produce, 413- Agriculture, 416-
Cotton, 417-Tobacco, 418-Sugar - Maple
Sugar, 419—The Myrtle-Wax tree-Zoology,
420-Mineralogy, 422.
CHAP. IV. POPULATION, 426-Indian Tribes within
the States, 428-Population of the United States, 433-Slaves and Free Blacks, 436- Character, Manners, and Customs of the Americans, 437.
CHAP. V. LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE-RELIGION-
EDUCATION, 443-State of Education-Col-
leges, 448-Newspapers-Religion, 451.
CHAP. VI. GOVERNMENT - Federal Constitution,
453-State Government, 462-Revenue, 473-
Military Force, 475-Marine Force, 476.
CHAP. VII. MANUFACTURES AND COMMERCE-Histo-
rical Sketch, 477-Cotton and Woollen Manu-
factures, 481-Commerce, 483-Exports and
Imports, 486-Currency and Banks, 487-
Post Offices-Commercial Navy, 488.
CHAP. VIII. CHIEF TOWNS, 488-New York, 489-
Philadelphia, 401-Baltimore, 492-Boston,
493-Charleston, 494-New Orleans, 495-
Washington, 497-House of Representatives,
499-Pittsburg-Newhaven, 501-Louisville-
AUTHORITIES, 502.
Boundaries and Extent, 514-Civil Divisions-
Existing Division, 516.
CHAP. I. HISTORY-Cortez, 517-Cortez enters
Mexico, 521-From Cortez to the Revolution
-Colonial System, 527-Hidalgo's Conspi-
racy, 531-Revolutionary Movements, 533-
Mina-Second Revolution, 533.
CHAP. II. PHYSICAL FEATURES-MOUNTAINS-VOL-
CANOES-CAPES AND BAYS-RIVERS AND LAKES,
535-Mountains, 536-Volcanoes, 538-Capes
--Bays-Gulf of Mexico, 540-Rivers-Rio
Grande del Norte, 541-Rio Buenaventura-
The Zaguananas or Colorado-The Sonora-
The Sabine, &c. 542-The St Jago, &c.-
Lakes, 543-Salt Lakes, 545.
CHAP. III. CLIMATE-SOIL AND PRODUCTIONS-
Climate, 545-Diseases-Soil and Vegetable
Productions, 548-The Banana-Maize, 549-
Wheat, 550-Potato, Agave, &c. 551-Sugar,
552-Cotton-Coffee, Chocolate, &c. 553.—
Tobacco, &c.-Animal Kingdom, 554-Birds
-The Humming-Bird, 556-Insects, 558.
CHAP. IV. MINES AND MINERALS, 558-Mines of
Guanaxuato, 560-Mines of Zacatecas, 564-
Mines of Catorce-Mines of Pachuca, 565-
Biscaina Vein-Mines of Zimapan-Mines
of Durango 566-Quantity, &c. of Metal, 567
-Gold Mines, 571-Inferior Minerals, 572-
Basaltic Rocks, 573.
CHAP. V. POPULATION AND NATIVE TRIBES, 574-
Manners and Customs of the Ancient Mexi cans, 577-Marriages, Education, and Fun- erals, 578-Government, 579-War-Religion, 580-Present Population, 581-State of So- ciety, Manners, and Customs, 585-Languages -Literature, 589-Religion and Ecclesiastical
Government, 591.
CHAP. VI. MANUFACTURES AND COMMERCE, 592.
CHAP. VII. GOVERNMENT-REVENUE-MILITARY AND
MARINE FORCE-Government, 594-Revenue,
595-Military Force-Marine Force, 597.
CHAP. VIII. TOPOGRAPHY-City of Mexico, 597-
QUERETARO, 599-MECHOACAN-GUANAXUATO—
City of Guanaxuato, 600-ZACATECAS-CINA-
LOA, 601-SONORA-District of Pimeria, 602-
CALIFORNIA-Old California, 603-New Cali-
fornia-NEW MEXICO, 604-The Appaches, 606
CHIHUAHUA — Durango Chihuahua, 607 -
COHAHUILA-NEW SANTANDER-NEW LEON, 608
-SAN LUIS POTOSI-VERA CRUZ, 609-Oaxaca,
610-LA PUEBLA-YUCATAN, 613-PROVINCE OF
TEXAS, 614.
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