Sublime Porte, and Russia having guarantied their prosperity, it is understood that they shall preserve all the privileges and immunities granted to them in virtue of their capitulation, whether by the treaties concluded between the imperial courts, or by the Hatti Sheriffs issued at different times. In consequence, they shall enjoy the free exercise of their religion, perfect security, a national and independent administration, and the full liberty of trade. The additional clauses to antecedent stipulations, considered necessary to secure to these two provinces the enjoyment of their rights, shall be inscribed in the next separate act, which is and shall be considered as forming an integral part of the present treaty.

ARTICLE VI. The circumstances which have occurred since the conclusion of the convention of Akermann not having permitted the Sublime Porte to undertake immediately the execution of the clauses of the separate act relative to Se. via, and annexed to the 5th article of the said convention, the Sub. lime Porte engages in the most solemn manner to fulfil them with. out the least delay, and with the most scrupulous exactness; and to proceed in particular, to the immediate restitution of the six districts detached from Servia, so as to insure forever the tranquillity and the welfare of that faithful and obedient nation. The firman, confirmed by the Hatti Sheriff, which shall order the execution of the aforesaid clauses, shall be deliver ed and communicated to the imperial court of Russia, within the period of a month within the date of the signature of the treaty of peace.

ARTICLE VII. Russian sub.

jects shall enjoy, throughout the whole extent of the Ottoman empire, as well by land as by sea, the full and entire liberty of commerce secured to them by the former treaties concluded between the two high contracting powers. No infringement of that liberty of commerce shall be committed, neither shall it be permitted to be checked, in any case or under any pretence, by a prohibition or any restriction whatever, nor in consequence of any regulation or measure, whether it be one of internal administration or of internal legislation. Russian subjects, vessels and merchandise, shall be secure against all violence and all chicanery. The former shall live under the exclusive juris. diction and police of the ministers and consuls of Russia. The Russian vessels shall not be subjected to any visit on board whatever, on the part of the Ottoman authorities, neither out at sea, nor in any of the ports or roadsteads belonging to the dominions of the Sublime Porte.

And all merchandize and commodities belonging to a Russian subject, after having paid the custom-house duties required by the tariffs, shall be freely con. veyed, deposited on land, in the warehouses of the proprietor or of his consignee, or else transferred to the vessels of any other nation whatever, without the Russian subjects being required to give notice to the local authorities, and still less to ask their permission. It is expressly agreed upon, that all grain proceeding from Russia shall enjoy the same privileges, and that its free transit shall never expe. rience, under any pretence, any difficulty or impediment. The Sublime Porte engages besides, to watch carefully that the commerce

and navigation of the Black Sea shall not experience the slightest obstruction of any nature whatever. For this purpose, the Sublime Porte recognises and declares that the passage of the canal of Constantinople, and the strait of the Dardanelles, entirely free and open to Russian ships under mer. chant flags, laden or in ballast, whether they come from the Black Sea to go into the Mediterranean, or whether, returning from the Mediterranean, they wish to re-enter the Black Sea. These vessels, provided they be merchantmen, of whatever size or tonnage they may be, shall not be exposed to any impediment or vexation whatever, as it has been stipulated above. The two courts shall come to an under. standing with respect to the best means for preventing all delay in the delivery of the necessary clear. ances. In virtue of the same principle, the passage of the canal of Constantinople and of the strait of the Dardanelles is declared free and open for all the merchant vessels of the powers at peace with the Sublime Porte, whether bound to the Russian ports of the Black Sea, or returning from them whether laden or in ballast-upon the same conditions as those stipu. lated for the vessels under the Russian flag. In fine, the Sublime Porte, acknowledging the right of the Imperial Court of Russia to obtain guaranty of this full liberty of commerce and navigation in the Black Sea, solemnly declares that she will never, under any pretence whatever, throw the least obstacle in its way. She promises, above all, never to permit herself in future to stop or detain vessels, laden or in ballast, whether Russian or be.

longing to nations with which the Ottoman empire shall not be in a state of declared war, passing through the strait of Constantinople and the strait of the Dardanelles, to repair from the Black Sea into the Mediterranean, or from the Mediterranean to the Russian ports of the Black Sea. And if, which God forbid! any of the stipulations contained in the present article should be infringed, and the reclamation of the Russian minister on that subject should not obtain a full and prompt satisfaction, the Sublime Porte recognises, beforehand, the right in the Imperial Court of Rus. sia to consider such an infraction an act of hostility, and immediately to retaliate on the Ottoman empire.

ARTICLE VIII. The arrangements formerly stipulated by the 6th Article of the Convention of Akerman, for the purpose of regu. lating and liquidating the claims of the respective subjects and merchants of both empires, relating to the indemnity for the losses expe. rienced, at different periods, since the war of 1806, not having been yet carried into effect, and Russian commerce having, since the conclusion of the aforesaid convention, suffered new and considerable in. jury in consequence of the mea sures adopted respecting the navigation of the Bosphorus, it is agreed and determined that the Sublime Porte, as a reparation for that injury and those losses, shall pay to the Imperial Court of Russia, in the course of eighteen months, at periods which shall be settled hereafter, the sum of one million five hundred thousand ducats of Holland; so that the payment of this sum shall put an end to all claim or reciprocal pretensions on the part

of the two contracting Powers, on the subject of the aforesaid circum

stances.

ARTICLE IX. The prolongation of the war, to which the present treaty of peace happily puts an end, having occasioned, to the Imperial Court of Russia, considerable expenses, the Sublime Porte recognises the necessity of offering it an adequate indemnity. For this purpose, independently of the cession of a small portion of territory in Asia, stipulated by the fourth article, which the court of Russia consents to receive on account of the said indemnity, the Sublime Porte engages to pay to the said court, a sum of money, the amount of which shall be regulated by mutual accord.

ARTICLE X. The Sublime Porte, whilst declaring its entire adhesion to the stipulations of the treaty concluded in London on the 24th of June, (the 6th of July) 1827, between Russia, Great Britain, and France, accedes, equally, to the act drawn up on the 10th of March, (22d) 1829, by mutual consent, between these same powers, on the basis of the said treaty, and containing the arrangement of detail, relative to its definitive execution. Immediately after the exchange of the ratification of the present treaty of peace, the Sublime Porte shall appoint plenipotentiaries to settle with those of the Imperial Court of Russia, and of the courts of England and France, the execution of the said stipulation, and arrange.

ments.

ARTICLE XI. Immediately after the signature of the present treaty of peace between the two empires, and the exchange of the ratification of the two sovereigns, the Sublime

Porte shall take the necessary mea. sures for the prompt and scrupulous execution of the stipulations which it contains, and particularly of the third and fourth articles, relative to the limits which are to separate the two empires, as well in Europe as in Asia; and of the fifth and sixth articles, respecting the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, as well as Servia; and from the moment when these stipu lations can be considered as having been fulfilled, the Imperial Court of Russia will proceed to the evacuation of the territory of the Ottoman empire, conformable to the basis established by a separate act, which forms an integral part of the present treaty of peace. Until the complete evacuation of the territories occupied by the Russian troops, the administration and the order of things there established at the present time, under the influence of the Imperial Court of Russia, shall be maintained, and the Sublime Ottoman Porte shall not interfere with them in any manner.

ARTICLE XII. Immediately af ter the signature of the present treaty of peace, orders shall be given to the commanders of the respective troops, as well by land as by sea, to cease hostilities. Those committed after the signature of the present treaty shall be considered as not having taken place, and shall occasion no change in the stipulations which it contains. In the same manner any thing which in that interval shall have been conquered by the troops of either one or the other of the high contracting powers, shall be restored without the least delay.

ARTICLE XIII. The high contracting powers, while re-establish

ing between themselves the relations of sincere amity, grant general pardon, and a full and entire amnesty, to all those of their subjects, of whatever condition they may be, who, during the course of the war happily terminated this day, shall have taken part in military operations, or manifested, either by their conduct or their opinions, their attachment to one or the other of the two contracting powers. In consequence, not one of these individuals shall be molested or prosecuted, either in his person or goods, on account of his past conduct; and every one of them, recovering the property which he possessed before, shall enjoy it peaceably under the protection of the laws, or shall be at liberty to transport himself, with his family, his goods, his furniture, &c., into any country which he may please to choose, without experiencing any vexations or impediments whatever.

There shall be granted besides to the respective subjects of the two powers established in the territories restored to the Sublime Porte, or ceded to the imperial court of Russia, the same term of 18 months, to commence from the exchange of the ratification of the present treaty of peace, to dispose, if they think proper, of their property acquired either before or since the war, and to retire, with their capital, their goods, furniture, &c., from the states of one of the contracting powers into those of the other, and reciprocally.

ARTICLE XIV. All prisoners of war, of whatever nation, condition, or sex they may be, which are in the two empires, must immediately, after the exchange of the ratifica.

tions of the present treaty of peace, be set free, and restored without the least ransom or payment; with the exception of the Christians who, of their own free will, have embraced the Mahomedan religion in the states of the Sublime Porte, or the Mahomedans who, also of their own free will, have embraced the Christian religion in the territories of the Russian empire.

The same conduct shall be adopted towards the Russian subjects, who, after the signature of the present treaty of peace, may in any manner whatever have fallen into captivity, and be found in the states of the Sublime Porte.

The imperial court of Russia promises, on its part, to act in the same way towards the subjects of the Sublime Porte. No repayment shall be required for the sums which have been applied by the two high contracting parties to the support of prisoners. Each of them shall provide the prisoners with all that may be necessary for their journey as far as the frontiers; where they shall be exchanged by commissioners appointed on both sides.

ARTICLE XV. All the treaties, conventions, and stipulations, settled and concluded at different periods between the imperial court of Russia and the Ottoman Porte, with the exception of those which have been annulled by the present treaty of peace, are confirmed in all their force and effect, and the two high contracting parties engage to observe them religiously and inviolably.

ARTICLE XVI. The present treaty of peace shall be ratified by the two high contracting courts, and the exchange of the ratifications between the respective plenipoten

SEPARATE ACT,

davia and Wallachia.

In the name of Almighty God! The two high contracting powers, at the same time that they confirm all the stipulations of the separate act of Ackermann, relative to the forms to be observed on the election of the hospodars of Moldavia and Wallachia, have recognised the necessity of giving to the adminis. tration of those provinces a more durable basis, and one more in harmony with their true interests. With this view, it has been, and is definitively resolved, that the reign of the hospodars shall not, as formerly, be limited to seven years, but they shall be invested with the dignity for life, except in the case of a free and unconstrained abdication, or of an expulsion in consequence of crimes committed as detailed in the said separate act.

The hospodars are to administer the internal government of their provinces, with the assistance of their divan, according to their own pleasure, but without permitting themselves any infraction of the rights guarantied to the two countries by treaties or hatti sherifs, nor shall their administration be disturbed by any command tending to the violation of those rights.

The Sublime Porte obliges itself conscientiously to keep watch, that

sidered as part of the territory of those provinces ; and from the point where it enters the Ottoman territory, to the point of its confluence with the Pruth, the channel of the Danube is to form the boundaries of the two principalities.

To provide the more securely for the more inviolability of the Moldavian and Wallachian territory, the Sublime Porte engages to retain no fortified point upon the left bank of the Danube, nor to permit any settlement there of its Mahometan subjects. It is accordingly irrevocably fixed, that no Mahometan shall ever be allowed to have his residence in Moldavia or Wallachia, and that only merchants, provided with firmans, shall be admitted for the purpose of buying, on their account, such articles as may be required for the consumption of Constantinople.

The Turkish cities, situated on the left bank of the Danube, are to be restored to Wallachia, to remain incorporated with that principality; and the fortifications previously existing on that bank, are never to be repaired. Mahometans possessing landed property, either in those cities, or upon any point left of the Danube, provided they have not unfairly become possessed thereof, (non usurpes sur des particuliers,) shall be bound to sell such