160.539o el HARVARD UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SUIKOL OF EDUCATION APK 24 1922 TRANSFERRED TO HARVARD KOLLEGU (JARANY COPYRIGHT, 1922, BY Ꭰ Ꭺ Ꭺ PREFACE Community Civics, we may safely say, has made a permanent and vital place for itself in the work of our schools. No subject is more adaptable and interesting to pupils of any grade. In view, however, of a marked tendency to center the pupil's attention upon this subject in the seventh and eighth grades, the present book has been written with the interests and attainments of pupils of those grades particularly in mind. The Departments of Education in New York, Pennsylvania, and other leading states have recently prepared syllabi on Community Civics for the guidance of seventh and eighth grade teachers. It was the author's good fortune to be allowed to assist in preparing the Pennsylvania syllabus under the inspiring direction of Dr. W. D. Lewis and Dr. J. Lynn Barnard. Those who are familiar with these syllabi and with the Philadelphia course in Civics will recognize the influence of both on the present book, which aims to provide sufficient foundation material for the work suggested in them, and which is indebted to the makers of these outlines for countless helpful suggestions. Every teacher of a class in Community Civics will realize the necessity of fitting the text-book to the needs of each particular class. If, for instance, the work of the seventh and eighth grades is to be followed by a course in vocational or economic civics, the teacher will have the good judgment to omit most of the topics of Chapters VII and VIII of this book. Similar adaptations and omissions are in order in almost any class. The author is deeply grateful for the warm reception given to his previous efforts. It is hoped that the present book may in some measure succeed in helping to get across the great ideas of community relationship and social service to the boys and girls of the seventh and eighth grades. JANUARY, 1922 R. O. HUGHES. |