Traceless Dreams-Heraclitus-Herrick-Magnificent Phenomena of

Dreams-Time and Space-Intellectual value-Moral value-The

Dream a Law unto itself-Appeal from Waking to Sleeping 38-51

CHAPTER V.

ONEIROCRITICA, OR MODES OF DREAM-INTERPRETATION, ANCIENT AND

MODERN.

Antiquity of Oneirocriticism-General identity of Method-Dream-

analysis-Dreams of Nebuchadnezzar-Penelope's Dream interpreted by

Ulysses-Claims of Amphictyon-Cradle of Oneirocriticism-Skill of

the Telmessians-Specimen-How to avert a threatened evil-The

Choephora-Electra-Hecuba-Effects of Herbs on Dreams-Effects

of times and seasons on the frequency and value of Dreams—An

Athenian Oneirocritic-More sides than one to a Dream-Artemidorus

-Scepticism of Bayle-Signification of objects seen in Dreams-Classi-

fication of Macrobius-Subdivisions of the "Somnium "-Astrampsy-

chus and his Century of Oracles-The Sifat-i-Sirozah-Gabdorrhacha-

man-Abstract of "L'Onirocrite Mussulman"-Professor Vattier-

The "De Insomniis " of Synesius-Achmet-Jerome Cardan-Maio-

Rabelais-Pantagruel on Dreams-Necessity of an Interpreter-Tem-

perance necessary to procure Prophetic Dreams-Inconveniences of

Hunger-Panurge suggests a Charm-The two gates of Sleep-

Raphael-"The Royal Book of Dreams "-The Art of "Sephromancy

-Sephromancy exemplified-M. Nicholas Oudot and his Dream-pub-

lications-Dreams and Lovers- The present condition of Oneirocri-

52-95

ticism

PART II.

OPINIONS ON DREAMS.

CHAPTER I.

ORIGIN OF DREAMS.

Summary of Opinions amongst the Ancients-Opinions of Fathers and
Schoolmen-Conviction of Josephus - Philip Goodwin - Survey of
Dreams-Self-Examination-The Devil in Dreams-Sleep amenable
to Law-Evil Dreams prevented-Dreams from God both possible and
actual-Theosophy of Dreams-Encouragement of Good Dreams-To
be prayed for, and turned to account-John Sheppard-Dreams as
Theocratic Instruments-Bishop Bull-Ministry of Angels-Bishop
Ken-St. Michael-Hymnotheo, or the Penitent-Baptist Magazine—
Two Classes of Angelic Visitants-Dr. Johnson's Prayer-Adopted by

Boswell-Rev. Alfred Barry-The Dream an Obsolescent Medium-

Professor Haven-Four possible Solutions of the Facts of Dreams-

Dr. Frederick Hoffmann-Dignity of the Mind in Sleep-Pliny the

Younger-The Advocate in doubt-Virtue versus Omens-Doubt the

bar to action
99-121

CHAPTER II.

ON DREAMS AS ARGUMENTS FOR IMMORTALITY.

Opinion of Cyrus the Elder-Richard Baxter-The Soul never inactive

-Bishop Butler-Immediate Mental Perception - Dr. Young on

Dreams-Bishop Newton-Mind and Body distinct substances-Leon.

hard Euler-Sleep illustrating Death-Prebendary Broughton-The

Soul's material vehicle-Frederick C. Bakewell-Argument from

probability-Independence of Intellectual processes-Argument from

Phenomena-Sir Walter Scott-The Living and the Dead-Crises of

Feeling-Tendency of Coincidences- Mrs. Sigourney-Spiritual Per-

ception-Lord Brougham-Separate Existence possible-John New-

ton-Hymn on Dreaming-Life a Dream
122-132

CHAPTER III.

ON DREAMS AS PROPHETIC, PREMONITORY, ETC.

Gonzalo-Why the Soul may Prophesy in Sleep-Rev. Mr. Greaves on
Dreams-James Beattie-Objections to the Prophetic Character of
Dreams-Superstitious credence-Coincidences to be expected —
Journal of Psychological Medicine-Prophecy and Instinctive Anticipa-
tion-Sir Thomas Browne-Gratitude for Happy Dreams-More than
ourselves in Sleep-Liberty of Reason - Illumination of the Dying
133-139

CHAPTER IV.

RESPONSIBILITY AND MORAL USES OF DREAMS.

Sir Thomas Browne "On Dreams"-Zeno-Touchstone of Morals-

Dream of Hilpo-James Beattie-Qualified Self-examination-Regula

tion of the Passions-Pinnock's Guide to Knowledge-The Judgment

off Guard-Exaggerated license of the inferior faculties-Dreams may

be corrective of Evil- And may stimulate to Good-Journal of Psycho-

logical Medicine-Dreams dependent on Habit-Spontaneous behaviour

-A Good Man should never be off his guard-Phases of Dreams-

Caprices-Study of the laws of God recommended . . 140-149

CHAPTER V.

STATE OF THE MIND IN SLEEP AND DREAMS.

John Locke The Mind not always active-Hypothetical duality-No

viii

-

CONTENTS.

thought without traces-Vanity of resultless Mental Activity-State-
ment of alternatives-The Soul at fault-The Soul not always thinking
- Dr. Watts - The Soul never intermits its activity - Unity
of person
The Soul vindicated-Defence of traceless Ideas-
Ceaseless activity God-like-The Soul free and immortal-Scots
Magazine-Waking Ideas frequently traceless-Andrew Baxter-The
Soul does not act by itself-Will never unconscious-Involuntary
obtrusion-The Soul does not evolve dreams-Agents external to the
Soul-Possible causes-Chance and bodily mechanism-Matter not
automatic-Dreams have an intelligent cause-William Smellie-Pos-
sibility of Supernatural Suggestions-Thomas Cromwell-Argument
for Immortality repudiated-The Brain partially awake-Against
Andrew Baxter-David Hartley-Causes and occasions of Dreams-
Theory of Vibrations-Reasons for various Phenomena-Corollaries-
Erasmus Darwin-Dreams received by the senses-Ceaseless flow of
Ideas-Nerves of Sense-Criterion of Volition-Characteristics of
Dreams-Robert Dunn-Unconscious reflex action-Dugald Stewart-
Volition without power-Confusion of Dr. Darwin-Spurzheim-Acti.
vity of particular Organs-Robert Dunglison-Dreams a partial waking
of animal life-Gall's Theory of Plurality-Andrew Carmichael-Pro-
gressive complications of the severally waking Organs-Robert Macnish
-Phrenological Analysis-Edward Binns-Phrenology does not Ex-

plain all Dreams-Andrew Carmichael-A septenary scale-Phrenolo-

gical genesis of Dreams-Dreaming of Dreaming-Perfect Sleep-

Christian Spectator-The Organic theory repudiated-Phrenology un-

satisfactory-Irregular irregularity-Cerebral irritation-The Senses

in Dreams-Probable Volition-John C. Colquhoun-Remembrance of

Dreams-Corporeal Organism—Interruption of Harmony. 150-198

CHAPTER VI.

MISCELLANEOUS PHENOMENA.

Ovid-Poetic Personality-Morpheus and his Relatives-Lucian-The

Island of Dreams-J. Müller-Worthless Reasoning of Dreams-John

Abercrombie - Various Characteristics-James Beattie-Difference

and Analogy-Dido and Eloisa-Coincidences-Recurrence-Morning

Dreams-James Hinton-Relative truth of Illusions-James Hogg, the

Ettrick Shepherd-Facts, not Philosophy-Uselessness of Speculation

-Thomas Churchyarde-Dignity of Dreams-Spectator-Excellency

of the Soul-Intensity of Dream-life-Relation of the Soul to the Body

-Blessings and mishaps of Dreams-Slighted valour of Gladio-A

Conflagration prevented-Impertinence of Street-cries-Unconscious

Philanthropy-Pledges of Affection-Notes and Queries-Thomas,

Lord Lyttleton-Walter C. Dendy-Suspension of Judgment-Sound

Sleep Dreamless-Multiplicity of Being-William Shakespeare-Freaks

of Queen Mab-Infinite Expansion of Moments-John Dryden-

Intellectual Saturnalia-Scots Magazine-Double Identity-Lucre-

tius-Professional Association-Lord Byron-"Sleep hath its own

World"-Dean Swift "On Dreams"-Lord Brougham-Time under

Dream pressure-Nodding and Dictating

199-232

CONTENTS.

ix

CHAPTER VII.

ANALOGIES OF DREAMING AND INSANITY.

Edward Binns-Dreamers and Maniacs-M. Moreau-Transmutation of

Personality-Time in Dreams and in Insanity-Duration and Uncon-

scious Impressions-Brierre de Boismont-Hallucinations and their

Modifications-Dreams taken for Waking Realities-Sir Henry Holland

-Analogical caprices of Reverie-Dreams of Children-Henry Monro

-The Reasoning Faculties-Mystery of Dreams-Walter C. Dendy-

Moral Causes of Dreaming-Hobbes's Illustration-Communities of

the Senses-Want of the Senses-Instrument of Consciousness-How

Fulfilment may be a Consequence-Physical Causes of Dreams-

Influence of Dark Blood in the Brain-Requisites of Natural Action-

Languid Arterial Circulation
233-248

CHAPTER VIII.

PSYCHOLOGY, ETC., OF DREAMING.

Leopold H. Grindon-Certissima Mortis Imago The Imagination-

Dreams as Spiritual Phenomena-Duality and Distinction of Substance

-It is the Soul that remembers-Medical Critic-Conspectus of

Opinions-Psychical aspect of Sleep-Journal of Psychological Medicine

-William Shakespeare-Clarence's Dream true to Nature-“ A

Glimpse at the possibility of Omniscience"
249-258

CHAPTER IX.

PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF DREAMING.

Thomas Hobbes-Dreams caused by Distempers-Journal of Psycho-
logical Medicine-The Sense of Smell a Suggestive Cause-Lodging
at a Cheesemonger's-A Camisado-A singular Epidemic-The obsti-
nate Pedals-Sir Henry Holland-The Physiology of Sleep-Never
absolutely Dreamless-Fluctuating condition-Medical Critic-Sensa-
tions of Dreams-Experiments of M. Maury-M. Macario's Division--
Morbid Dreams-Effects of Diseases-Formey's "Essai sur les Songes"
-Disturbance of the Interior extremity of the Nerves-Arthur E.
Durham-Partial activity of nervous centres-Sir Benjamin C. Brodie
-Physical Organisms of the Mind-Crowding of Events-Various
results of impressions-Theory of Transition-Dreams and Memory.
259-279

CHAPTER X.

DREAMS OF ANIMALS.

Aristotle-All Viviparous Animals Dream-Oviparous Animals possibly
Dream-Dreams and Dreamlessness-Pliny-Undecided Questions-

Count de Buffon-Dreams independent of the Soul-Animal inability
to distinguish Dreaming from Waking Impressions-Robert Macnish-
Dreaming a universal Law-Horses-Dogs-The Ruminantia -Walter
C. Dendy-Animals likely to Dream-Memory is the test of this
power-An Imaginative Dunnock-Dream-Melody-Answer to Aris-
totle.
280-284

PART III.

DREAMS, ANCIENT AND MODERN.

Dream of Achilles-Dream of the Mother of Zartusht-Series of Dreams
from Herodotus-Croesus- Sabacon-Sethon-Otanes-Hipparchus-
Xerxes-Artabanus-Pherecydes-Socrates

-

Xenophon-Alexander

the Great and Jaddua the High Priest-Hyrcanus-Calpurnia-Series of
Dreams from Cicero-Dream of Hecuba-Tarquin-Mother of Phalaris
-Cyrus-Hannibal-Hamilcar-Publius-Decius-Detective Dream
of Sophocles-A Roman Rustic-Appearance of Tiberius Gracchus to
his brother Caius-Preserving Dream of Simonides-The Two Arca-
dians-Cicero's Dream-Imperial Dreams—Tiberius-Caligula—Clau-
dius-Nero-Vespasian-Domitian-Fannius' History cut short-The
Dreams of a Neophyte-Dreams and Visions about the death of the
Emperor Julian-The Genius of the Empire-Monica and Augustine-
Genadius persuaded-King Arthur's Dream and its fulfilment -The
Story of Cadmon-Dunstan -Anselm-Fate of William Rufus fore-
shadowed-Henry more pious than Rufus-Eagle and Seven Missiles
-The Scribe and the Angels-Mystical Dream of Giraldus Cambrensis
-Case of Walter de Barri-Charles VI. flies a Falcon in a Dream-
The Flying Hart-Vision of Ingulphus-Thomas à Becket a razer of
Walls-Dream of Chaunteclere-Sir Thomas More's eminence foretold
-Dr. Faustus Dreams of Hell-Symbolical Dream of the Emperor of
Saxony-Polemical Dream of Zuinglius-A King in a ditch - Bene.
volent imprisonment-Sir Thomas Wotton-Joannes Maria Mauro-
cenus-Ludovicus Madius-The Legend of the Swaffham Tinker-
Bishop Hall's Mother-Bread eaten in secret-Wallenstein's Dreams—
Dream in an Unknown Tongue-Henry the Second of France warned
in vain-Lord Strafford's Death mysteriously represented-Van Hel-
mont listens to a Bottle and sees his own Soul-Peter Sterry makes a
mistake-Milton's Dream-Sonnet-A Numismatologist providentially
enlightened-A Lady foretells her Death, and justifies her prediction
-Thirteen at Supper-The lot falls on the Chaplain-An Island of
the Blessed-Madame Guyon's Dream and its Analysis-Not to be done
to death by a Dream-bully-Series of Dreams from John Aubrey-
Archbishop Abbot's Mother-Doctor Harvey's Life preserved-Nine
Finches-Premonitions of the Death of Friends-A Triple Elm-tree-
Admiral Dean's Wife-Robbery and murder of Mr. Stockden dis.
covered through a series of Dreams-Determination of Dr. Reid-
Mrs. Griffiths' Dream saves her nephew's life-Dreams of Emanuel
Swedenborg-A Dumb Man recovers Speech-Zimmermann's Dream