-

Government-Adopts Constitution-Connecticut-Its settlement-

Policy-Charters-Religious system-Patriotism-State Convention-

Ellsworth-Debates-Johnson-Sherman, Huntington, and Wolcott-

Motives to adopt-Grounds of opposition-Ratifies Constitution-

Massachusetts-Origin and Progress-Fisheries-Towns — Laws—

Equality of condition-Militia-Ecclesiastical polity-Influence of

Clergy - Grounds of opposition, to the Constitution-Hancock,

Samuel Adams, and Gerry-Advocates of Constitution; Ames, Cabot,

King, Parsons, Sedgwick, Strong-Debates in Convention-Biennial

Elections State and General Government-Senate-Powers of Con-

stitution-Judiciary Department-Proposed adjournment-Influence

of mechanics-Concurrence of Hancock and S. Adams-Ratifies Con-

stitution.

388

CHAPTER LI.

New Hampshire-Its topography, settlement, pursuits-Jealousy of Gov-

ernment-Dissensions-State Convention meets and adjourns-Mary-

land-Its settlement, population, tolerance-Government, policy—

Adopts Constitution-South Carolina-Its Government-Settlement-

Planters-Slaves-Prosperity-Opposition to England—United spirit

of opposition-Difference of interests and opinions-Slavery-Debates

in Legislature as to Constitution--Lowndes-The Pinckneys-Rutledge

-Butler-Barnwell-Weakness of Executive-Treaty power-Regu-

lation of Commerce-Collection of Revenue-Advocacy of Constitution

by Cotesworth Pinckney-Convention meets and ratifies Constitution

-Celebration in Charleston.

CHAPTER LII.

Virginia-Her opinions-Washington to Patrick Henry-Legislature-
Call of Convention-Washington to Hamilton-Public letters of Gerry,
and Richard Henry Lee-Objections of George Mason-Aristocracy-
Monarchy-Letter of Randolph-Society at New York formed to op-
pose Constitution-Urges second Federal Convention-Clinton, chief
opponent of Constitution in New York-Speech to Legislature-Ham-
ilton chosen Delegate to Congress-Hamilton assailed-Opposition to
call of State Convention-Debate on allegiance-Benson's speech-
Party hostilities-Riots in Pennsylvania, and in New York-Virginia
-Its topography, and population-Property, and pursuits-Primo-
geniture, and entails-Power of families-Religious system and feel-
ings-Colonial Charter and temper-Early discontent with the Crown

. 419

-Prejudices, Local, religious, and political-State Government-

Oligarchic feelings-Subjects of jealousy-Convention meets-Pendle-

ton-Henry-Randolph-Mason-Lee-Madison - Nicholas-Corbin

-Henry in opposition-Denounces the Constitution-Merits of British

Government-Madison explains and ably vindicates the new System—

Monroe condemns it-Marshall sustains it-Oswald in Virginia-Madi-

son and Lee to Hamilton-Navigation of Mississippi-Control of Navy

-General and Treaty power-Local influences-The National Judici-

ary-Madison to Hamilton-Letter of Jefferson-Henry's and Madi-

son's comments-Monroe urges conditional ratification-Ratifies Con-

stitution-Washington's gratulation.

CHAPTER LIII.

Hamilton in Congress-Invalids of Army-Admission of Kentucky-

State of opinion in New York-Its Convention meets-Clinton,

Lansing, Smith, oppose Constitution-Advocates, Duane, Hamilton,

Harrison, Jay, and Livingston-Debates-Importance of Union-

Hamilton to Madison-Clinton's letter-Smith objects to Legislative

Department, the rule of apportionment-Hamilton for a National

Government-States defects and effects of Confederation-State de-

linquencies-Coercion of States-Civil War-Insists new Govern-

ment, truly Republican-Compromises in Convention-Defends rep-

resentation of Slaves-Assailed therefor-Necessity of a Democratic

branch-Evils of a pure Democracy-Value of a Representative Sys-

tem-Jay supports him-Hamilton on importance and uses of a Sen-

ate-An efficient government-Utility of State governments-Ob-

ject of government.

442

481

CHAPTER LIV.

Dangers of Constitution to States insisted upon-Fiscal power-Hamilton
on structure of new government-Supremacy of National and State
laws as to their respective objects-Hamilton to Madison-Contro-
versy with Clinton-Disposition and objects of Fiscal powers-Ex-
cises-Lansing objects to Fiscal power-Controversy with Hamilton-
Power over Loans-Restriction opposed-Amendments proposed-
Executive and Judiciary departments discussed-Proposed Commis-
sion-Declaration of Rights proposed-Hamilton to Madison-Series
of amendments proposed-Hamilton urges an absolute ratification-
Determination of Clinton and adherents to reject Constitution—
Speeches of Hamilton-Hamilton's decision-Debate as to employ-

ment of Militia-Hamilton defends it-Vote to ratify—Amendment

reserving right to withdraw-Hamilton to Madison-Hamilton closes

debate Constitution ratified-City of New York-Excitement-Re-

joicing-Celebration of adoption of Constitution-Procession-Honors

to Hamilton-Kent's recollections.

504

CHAPTER LV.

Hamilton as to accession of Vermont-North Carolina-Its topography-

Population-Pursuits-Government-Intestine Feuds-Indebtedness

- Convention meets - Davie, Johnson,

-Devastation-Disposition

Iredell, Spaight, Jones, Macon-Adjourns-Circular as to call of

Second Convention by New York-Rhode Island-Hamilton to Olney

-Call of Second Convention approved-Pennsylvania-Virginia in

favor of a Second General Convention-Randolph to Madison--New

York for a revision of the Constitution-Schism in Massachusetts-

Congress as to seat of Government-Hamilton urges temporary resi-

dence at New York-Claims of Virginia and Pennsylvania-Madison

to Washington-Reply-Hamilton prevails-New York selected-

Ordinance passed to carry the Constitution into effect-New York re-

fuses to choose Electors of President-Defective structure of Constitu-

tion-Hamilton and Madison rejected as Delegates to Congress-

Madison defeated as Senator-Chosen a Representative-Opposition to

Clinton in New York-Hamilton's address-Hamilton writes, letters

of H. G. in opposition to Clinton-Four Federalists elected to Con-

gress-Hamilton urges Washington to accept the Presidency-Wash-

ington's reluctance-Correspondence between them-Franklin pre-

ferred by French Counsels-Distrust by France-Instructions to De

Moustier-Office of Vice President-John Adams suggested to fill it—

Prevailing doubts of his fitness-Washington's view-Hancock-

Knox-Correspondence of Hamilton and Madison-Hamilton reluctant-

ly assents to Adams-To prevent competition with Washington, votes

withheld from Adams-His resentment-Washington unanimously

clected President-Adams by a minority of votes-Inauguration of

Washington.

531

THE HISTORY

OF THE

REPUBLIC OF THE UNITED STATES.

CHAPTER XXXVII.

FRANCE was all joyous at the restoration of peace. The burthens of the conflict were weighing heavily upon her impoverished treasury. Enough of glory had been gained. The nation's pulse was beating weakly. Prince and People were alike weary of the war, for England, though maimed for a time, was not "overthrown."

Enthusiastic pomp and festival proclaimed the conclusion of the comprehensive treaties of compensation.

A day of celebration being appointed, "the king-atarms and six heralds-at-arms, all attired in a garb not unlike that of the knave of diamonds, sallied forth on horseback, through the streets of Paris, preceded by the band of the king's stables, and by the Master of Ceremonies. The procession went first to take (by the special direction of the king) the Mayor of Paris, the City authorities, and the Judges of the Châtelet, whose chief had previously delivered to the king-at-arms the ordinance of peace, which was to be proclaimed.

VOL. III.-1