during the year 1849, $30,117.85. Expenditures, $28,451.19. Balance in favor of the Institution, $1,666.66. State Prisons, at Sing Sing, Auburn, and Clinton. The whole number of convicts in these prisons, Dec. 31, 1850, was 1,611. Received during the year 658; discharged during the year by expiration of sentence 400; by death by disease 34; by escape 5; by pardon 107; by habeas corpus 2; to Lunatic Asylum 7; in all 555. Remaining in prison Dec. 1, 1851, 1,714. Of the 658 admitted, 566 males and 35 females were 1st convictions; 39 males and 3 females were 2d; 14 males were 3d; and I was 4th conviction. The daily average of all the three prisons was 1,662. There were 75 female convicts in Sing Sing at the end of the year. Whole number of punishments in all the prisons, 617; being 4 more than the previous year. In Auburn they average 1 in 24; in Sing Sing 1 in 30; and in Clinton, 1 in 24. The punishments were the shower-bath, cropping the hair, confinement in a dark cell, yoking and wearing ball and chain. The inspectors say, "The use of the shower-bath has been found a salutary corrective, and another year's experience confirms our previous impressions, that its effects upon the physical system are harmless in all cases, while in some they have proved truly beneficial." The average cost of each daily ration at Sing Sing was 8.625 cents; at Auburn 7.875 cents; and at Clinton 8.5 cents. At the Auburn prison the receipts were $78,764.56. Expenditures, $ 88,546.00. Excess of expenditures, $9,781.44. The average daily earnings of each convict were 29 cents; the expenses 26.6 cents. At Sing Sing the receipts were $87,135.83. Expenditures, $79,506.82. Balance in cash, $7,629.01. At Clinton, receipts, $25,864.10. Expenditures, $25,958.13. Deficiency, $94.03. State Lunatic Asylum, Utica.. .-The whole number of patients admitted from the opening of the hospital to Dec. 1, 1850, was 2,376. The whole number discharged was 1,927; of whom 1,017 were recovered; 419 improved; 222 unimproved; and 269 died. Of the 2,376 1,209 were men, and 1,167 women; 1,119 were married, and 1,113 were single; 101 were widows, and 43 widowers. 1,635 were natives of New York. At the close of the year ending Nov. 30, 1848, there were in the asylum 495 patients; 241 men, and 254 women. There were admitted during the year 362; 192 men, and 170 women. There were discharged, recovered, 203 (113 men. and 90 women); improved, 66 (37 men, and 29 women); unimproved, 70 (22 males, 48 females); died 69 (35 males, and 34 females); in all 408; leaving in the asylum, Nov. 30, 1849, 449 (226 males, and 223 females). Criminal Statistics. - The number of convictions in courts of record in the year 1849 was 1,531, of which 1,437 were of males and 94 of females; offences against the person, 397 (males 385, females 12); offences against property, with violence, 150 (males 146, females 4); offences against property, without violence, 545 (males 500, females 45); offences against the currency, 37 (all males); other offences, 404 (males 371, females 33). The ratio of convictions of females to those of males is 1 to 15.187. Upon the convictions 4 were sentenced to be hung; 545 to the State prison; 51 to House of Refuge; 299 to the local prison; 32 to be fined and imprisoned; 567 to be fined; and the sentences of 33 were suspended. VIII. NEW JERSEY. Term expires. Salary. GEORGE F. FORT, of New Egypt, Ocean Co., Governor, January, 1854, of Pennington, John H. Phillips, John Manners, John Huyler, Samuel A. Allen, David Naar, $1,800 and Fees. Superintendent of Public Schools, 500 of Hunterdon Co., Pres. of the Senate, $4.00 a day. Speaker of the Assembly, 4.00 a day. of Bergen Co., of Salem Co., Clerk of the Senate, 3.50 a day. Clerk of the Assembly, `3.50 a day. JUDICIARY. Court of Errors and Appeals. This court is composed of the Chancellor, the judges of the Supreme Court, and six other judges appointed by the Governor, with the consent of the Senate, who hold office for six years, one judge vacating his seat each year in rotation. The court holds stated terms at Trenton, on the second Tuesday in March, and third Tuesday in June and November. The Governor, Chancellor, and the six judges of the Court of Errors and Appeals, constitute the pardoning power. A major part of them, of whom the Governor shall be one, may remit fines and forfeitures, and grant pardons, after conviction, in all cases except impeachment. Court of Chancery. The Chancellor is appointed by the Governor, with the consent of the Senate, for seven years. This court holds three terms annually at Trenton, on the first Tuesday in February, and third Tuesday in May and October. Term expires. Salary. Benj. Williamson, of Elizabethtown, Chancellor, 1859, $1,800 and fees. Daniel B. Bodine, of Trenton, Clerk, Supreme Court. 1856, Fees. The judges are appointed by the Governor, with the consent of the Senate, for seven years. This court holds three terms each year at Trenton, on the fourth Tuesday in February, and the first Tuesday in June and November; and the judges of this court hold Circuit Courts and Courts of Oyer and Terminer three times a year in each county, except the counties of Atlantic and Cape May, in which only two terms are held. Courts of Common Pleas are held three times a year in each county, by judges appointed by the Legislature for five years, who receive fees, but no salary, and the number of whom is limited to five in each county. FINANCES. Balance on hand, January 1, 1851, Whole amount received in 1851, Whole amount expended, . Balance in Treasury, January 1, 1852, Prin. Items of Expenditure to Jan. 1, 1852. Library, Support of deaf, dumb, and blind, $5,207.21 Incidental account, $13,002.30 169,166.20 $182,168.50 180.614.74 $1,553.76 1,333.97 8,280.07 Salaries of Executive and Judiciary, 15,506.33 Chief Sources of Income to Jan. 1, 1852. $71,346.07 Commissioners for House of Refuge, Special loan,. Public Schools, State Debt. -The whole amount of the absolute debt of the State is Annual interest upon absolute debt, . The value of the productive property owned by the State, in 1852, was Whole amount of School Fund owned by the State,. Of this, there is unavailable the sum of 4,280.76 279,540.07 764,670.60 $385,153.25 $373,983.40 Common Schools, Year ending December, 1851.- Number of townships in the State, 182; number of townships making returns, 172; number of districts in those townships, 1,612; returns received from 1,538. Children between 5 and 16, 145,629; children attending school less than 4 months, 16, 139; more than 4 but less than 8 months, 18,205; more than 8 but less than 12, 11,901; colored children taught, 1,649; whole number of children taught, 88,810. Average length of schools in months, 84; average price of tuition per quarter to each pupil, $2.00; appropriated or received for school purposes, $250,859.51; expended for same, $119,869.48. Banks, January 1, 1852.-There are 26 banks, but returns were received but from 24. In the 24 banks: - capital, $3,800,667.50; circulation, $2,359,012.68; deposits, $2,359,462.18; due other banks, $348,050.38; surplus, $637,771.94; discounts and bills receivable, $6,765,772.18; due from other banks, $1,654,860.19; specie, $664,454.37; real estate, $249,903.92; bonds and mortgages, &c., $218,098.75. Suspense account, $ 11,187.95. State tax, $18,700,96. A general banking law was passed February 27, 1850. Under its provisions 15 banks have been organized. Capital, $1,119,200. Registered notes received from Treasurer, $ 914,532. Registered notes in circulation, $722,895. Bills returned and cancelled, $ 149,209. Specie, $78,267.83. Stocks assigned to Treasurer, $825,695.29. Bills receivable, loans, and discounts, $409,601.79. State Lunatic Asylum, Trenton.-H. A. Buttolph, M. D., Superintendent. The Asylum was opened for the admission of patients May 15, 1848, although the building was not then entirely completed. January 1, 1851, there were in the Asylum 126 patients (86 males and 76 females). Received during the year, 102 (50 males and 52 females); 93 were discharged; leaving, January 1, 1852, 171 (85 males and 86 females). There were under treatment during the year, 264; of whom 73 were paupers, 113 indigent, and 78 private patients. Of the 93 discharged, 37 (22 males and 15 females) were recovered; 39 (22 males and 17 females) were improved; 80 were stationary; and 8 (4 males and 4 females) died. The expenses of the Asylum for the year were $27,170.21. The receipts, $22,076. The deficiency was met by an appropriation of $5,070. Terms. Board per week for those supported at public charge, $2; for those supported by friends, $3 and upwards, according to the nature of the case and their ability to pay. A bond is required in the penal sum of $500, to pay all charges for board, &c., and also to pay not exceeding $50 for such damages to the property of the Asylum as may be done by the patient. State Prison, Trenton.—Wm. B. Vanderveer, Keeper. Number of prisoners, December 31, 1850, 210; received during the year, 122; total, 332. Discharged during the year, by expiration of sentence, 80; by pardon, 41; by death, 3; and 1 escaped; in all, 125. Remaining in prison, December 31, 1851, 207; white males, 146, and females, 3; colored males, 51, and females, 7. 5 were committed for manslaughter, 9 for murder in the second degree, 11 for rape, 5 for forgery, 22 for burglary, 40 for larceny, 42 for violent assaults, and 11 for passing counterfeit notes. 92 were natives of New Jersey, 23 of New York, 23 of Pennsylvania, and 54 were foreigners. The longest sentence is for 20 years, and 2 arc under that sentence; 3 are fourth-comers. Earnings of the prison, $18,698.52. Expenses, $ 11,857.78. Balance paid the State, $6,840.74. House of Refuge. - Thomas Lavender, Samuel McClung, and Charles Steadman were appointed commissioners to build the House of Refuge under the act of February 23, 1850. They placed the institution in Kingston, Middlesex Co.; the buildings were commenced, but after expending thereon $20,331.41, further operations were discontinued. IX. PENNSYLVANIA. Government for the Year 1853. Term expires. Salary. WILLIAM BIGLER, of Clearfield Co., Governor, January, 1855, $3,000 of Bradford Co., 1,700 1,700 66 1,400 1,000 300 John M. Bickel, of Schuylkill Co., William Hopkins, of Clarion Co., of. 1853. 66 } 1854, 66 1856, JUDICIARY. By the amended Constitution, all judges are now elected by the people. The judges of the Supreme Court are chosen at large, and for a term of fifteen years. The one having the shortest term to serve is chief justice. The resident judges of the several Courts of Common Pleas and other courts of record, and all other judges required to be learned in the law, are elected by the electors of the districts over which they are to preside, and for a term of ten years. The associate justices of the Common Pleas hold their offices for five years. All judges hold office for their term during good behavior. For reasonable cause, though not sufficient grounds for impeachment, the Governor may remove them upon the address of two thirds of each branch of the Legislature. Any vacancy among the judges arising from any cause, is filled by appointment by the Governor, the incumbent holding office until the first Monday in December succeeding the next subsequent general election. During their continuance in office the judges of the Supreme Court must reside within the Commonwealth, and the other judges in the district or county for which they were elected. The District Courts are invested with the civil jurisdiction of the Common Pleas in their respective districts, in all cases exceeding a certain amount. Supreme Court. Term expires. Salary. Jeremiah S. Black, of Somerset Co., Chief Justice, Nov. 17, 1854, $1,600.00 Walter H. Lowrie, of Alleghany, 66 Joseph S. Cohen, Wm. McCandless, P. C. Sedgwick, Charles P. Pleasants, Associate Justice, 66 1857, 1,600.00 แ Prothonotary for the Eastern District, District Court for the City and County of Philadelphia. For the sessions of this court, the State was formerly divided into 21 districts. In 1850, the number of districts was increased to 24. The following is a list of the judges. Districts. 1. Philadelphia, 2. Lancaster, Associate Judges, Joseph Allison, Wm. D. Kelley, each 2,000 8. Northumberland, Lycoming, Centre, and Clinton, Alexander Jordan, 1,600 |