a Spaniard. Whereat M. Gordon, being offended, caused certain pieces of ordnance to be discharged from the town, and then the Englishmen departed, leaving the galliass at his pleasure, after the loss of some soldiers, having, notwithstanding, sacked 22000 duckets of gold, appertaining unto the King, and fourteen coffers of moveables of the Duke of Medina, with some other both money and moveables of other particular men, and some prisoners, among whom was Don Roderigo of Mendoza, and Don John Gonzales de Solerzano, under captain of the galliass.

During the time of surprising of which galliass, Sir Francis Drake, Vice-Admiral, being in the ship called The Revenge, accompanied with Tho. Fenner, captain of the Non Pariglia, with the rest of that squadron, set upon the Spanish fleet, giving them a hot charge. Within a while after, Sir John Hawkins, in the Victory, accompanied with Edward Fenton, captain of the Mary Rose, with George Beeston, captain in the Dreadnought, and Richard Hawkins, in the Swallow, with the rest of that squadron, put themselves forward, and broke thro' the midst of the Spanish fleet; where there began a vehement conflict continuing all the morning, wherein every captain did very honourable service. Among the rest Captain Beeston deserved special praise. Unto this fight came the Lord Admiral, accompanied with the Earl of Cumberland, the Lord Thomas Howard, and the Lord Sheffield; and in that place, where the fight was made, and the victory was gotten, they were publickly commended, that of their own accord had made shew of the fruits answerable to the hope before conceived of them. Not far from this place there was a great Spanish galleon seen, which was set upon on the one side, by the Earl of Cumberland and George Ryman, in the Bonaventure, and on the other side, by the Lord Seymer, in the ship called the Rainbow, and Sir William Winter, in the Vanguard, yet she saved herself valiantly, gathering into the body of the fleet, although with ill success; for she was so beaten, and so terribly rent and torn with our great ordnance, that the night following, in the sight of her own fleet, she sunk, her men, as is thought, being saved. After this, Captain Fenton, in the Mary Rose, and a Spanish galleon met together, being east and west one of another, yet no nigher then that her shot could play safely, and fly between them without any great hurt. Captain Fenton, notwithstanding, and those that were with him, were worthily commended for their service begun and accomplished with such prosperous boldness. The same day the deeds of Sir Robert Southwell were evidently seen; for, being a man born to virtue and commendation, and desirous to purchase honour, to the end that he might not make frustrate the judgment of his Sovereign, who before time had made him a knight, divining how much, in time to come, he would further the profit of the commonweath of England, he inforced himself not only to satisfy either in counsel or pains the publick intent, but also the private commodity of the Lord Admiral, his fatherin-law, in that he had dutifully promised him sure and faithful service, whereupon for the same he received condign praise of every man. There was also particularly praised Robert Cross, captain, who in the ship called The Hope, gave a sign of fruit to be looked for in him, not inferior unto that which the ship, wherein he went, did, by the name it carried, cause us to hope for.

It fell out, also, the same day, that the Lord Henry Seymer and Sir William Winter did so thoroughly beat two Spanish galleons, although they were of the chiefest of them, and the best provided, that they were: inforced to withdraw themselves to the coast of Flanders; where, forasmuch as they were in a very evil taking, as well in respect of the murder of their men, as the manifold leaks of their ships, they were surprised, and, without fighting, rifled by the Zeelanders, and, with all the men in them, carried as prisoners unto Flushing. Among these, the chiefest was Don Diego Pimentello, a man very famous among his country people.

It seemeth hereby that we may with reason gather, that in these conflicts many of the Spanish ships perished, albeit that most men think, that few of them miscarried. After this battle, which was made the twenty-ninth of the month, the Lord Admiral the thirtieth day ordained, that the Lord Seymer and Sir William Winter should return with their fleet unto their appointed office in the channel, which was to keep the coast from the danger that the Duke of Parma seemed to threaten. The which Duke had already lost the opportunity of being able to do any thing for the accomplishing of the common intention of the Spaniards, or according to the instructions received from the Spanish King, whatsocver they were; because the sudden and unlooked for departure of the Duke of Medina with the whole fleet, from the coast of Calais, and his small abode upon any other coast, caused the whole care of the aforesaid Duke, that he took upon the main land, to become void, so that he did not embark the rest of his men to join with the Duke of Medina.

The lord admiral, therefore, determined to follow the Spanish fleet only so long until they might be shut up to the northward, whither the Spanish fleet directed her course, but to what end it was not known. And that he with the same wind might come to the Firth, which is upon the coast of Scotland, if so be that he saw the enemy pass those parts. Whereupon he thought moreover, that it was good to stay his fleet from attempting aught upon the Spaniard, until he should have good intelligence of their purpose, thereby to work a mean utterly to disperse and overthrow them. But the Spaniards kept their course about the islands of Orkney, declaring thereby, that they minded to return that way into Spain, along by the north-coast of Scotland, which, as skilful men conjectured, would be to their evident danger, as it fell out afterwards. Perceiving, therefore, the purpose of the enemy, when he was shut up fifty-five degrees thirteen minutes to the northward, and thirty leagues off from Newcastle, the lord admiral resolved with himself to let the Spanish fleet keep on her way; albeit at the first he was minded to give them a strong assault upon the second of August; but, persuaded otherwise by a more safe advice and counsel, he wisely staid himself from that action, leaving the event that should ensue unto fortune, who might work some farther matter upon them, seeing the enemy had taken that way to save himself. Moreover, he considered the scarcity of munition, whereof at that present he had but little, and that upon this occasion, for that the ships that lay on the coast, appointed by order from her Majesty

to carry such provision, knew not where to find our fleet in time convenient.

The Spanish fleet, therefore, as for her own welfare it was requisite, having gone on far before, the lord admiral resolved to put into the Firth in Scotland, as well to refresh himself with new victuals, as also to dispatch certain other matters which he thought necessary. But, the wind being much westward and against him, the day following he changed his course, and returned to England, with his whole fleet, the seventh of August, although, by reason of a tempest which befel them, part of the ships put into Dover, part into Harwich, and the rest into Yarmouth.

Hitherto I have described, according to the instructions and directions which I received of those things that fell out between the Englishmen and the Spaniards, adjoining thereunto such particular discourses as I thought to be necessary, and such ornaments of speech as the matter and the Italian tongue did specially require. Now, therefore, it remaineth, for the finishing of our former discourse, briefly and evidently to set down the issue of all the things beforementioned.

The Spanish fleet, passing, as aforesaid, into those seas, which, for the most part, are quiet and calm enough, whether it were driven to and fro in them with contrary winds, or by some other fatal accident that fell out, it continued therein tossed up and down until the end of September, with fearful succes and daily shipwrack along the whole coast of Ireland, so that the Duke of Medina Sidonia was inforced to leave there behind him about the number of seventeen good ships, besides those fifteen that were thought to be lost in the months of July and August, and so to return into Spain.

The persons, lost in Ireland, were esteemed to be about 5500. So that, all being accounted together, it is certainly avouched, that all the ships that were lost amounted unto the number of thirty-two, and the men accounted, one with another, arise to the number of 13500 or more. The prisoners also of all sorts, in England, Ireland, and the Low Countries, arise to the number of 2000 and more. As for the loss of the ordnance, and the common or private treasure, or whether the Duke, after he was preserved from the former fearful and mortal dangers lost any more ships, or no, or last of all, how many he brought home with him again into Spain, I mean not to occupy or trouble my pen with any such superfluous curiosities, being willing to leave that matter unto such as have received certain tidings thereof; because I study (so far forth as is possible) for brevity, without procuring unto any man either hatred or evil report.

And, therefore, to knit up this present treatise, this is reported, that, after her Majesty was thoroughly assured of the return of the duke into Spain, and that her scas were free and clear from all her enemies, and having called home the lord Seymer with his fleet, it seemed good unto her, as a convenient thing, that her people should render unto Almighty God as great thanks as might be, for that it had pleased him thus to work and bring about the deliverance of them all, And, therefore, the nineteenth of November, by publick edict

and order from her Majesty, there was generally made, throughout the whole realm, a most frequent assembly of all sorts of people publickly to give thanks unto God all the day long, for so singular a benefit received, with this intention, that the remembrance of the said benefit should, upon the same day of every year to ensue, be renewed in the mind and eyes of all men throughout the whole nation, with an evident and religious acknowledgement, that the common safety of them all was accomplished by the special favour of God, the father of all good things,

Her Majesty also, being afterwards desirous, to do the like in her own behalf (as it was convenient) came into St. Paul's church, in London, on Sunday, being the twenty-fourth of the same month, with a most decent order, and assemblies of all the magistrates and companies of the city standing in a rank in the street, replenished most abundantly with people, through which her Majesty was to pass, being accompanied with such a princely train of all those that had been instruments of that notable victory, that it seemed her Majesty, together with the rest, having gotten the victory, was desirous in triumphing manner to shew her thankful mind unto the Londoners also, for the charges and pains they had undertaken, all the year before, in the service of the crown and the common wealth, together with the increase of their own reputation, being accounted the foundation and chief stay of all the other parts of the realm. Wherein her Majesty followed the example of divers kings, her predecessors, who, upon special favour, according as good occasions moved them thereunto, have given many large privileges and liberties unto the said city, which at this day is, doubtless, more populous, more wealthy, more mighty, and more free, than ever it was heretofore.

THE

ENGLISH ROMAYNE LIFE:*

DISCOVERING

The Liues of the Englishmen at Rome; the Orders of the English Seminarie; the Dissention betweene the Englishmen and the Welchmen; the Banishing of the Englishmen out of Rome; the Popes sending for them againe; a Reporte of many of the paltrie Reliques in Rome: theyr Vautes vnder the Ground; their holy Pilgrimages; and a Number other Matters, woorthie to be read and regarded of euery one. There vnto is added, the cruell Tiranny, vsed on an Englishman at Rome, his Christian suffering, and notable Martirdome, for the Gospel of Iesus Christ, in Anno 1581. Written by A. M. sometimes the Popes Scholler in the Seminarie among them,

Honos alit Artes.

Seene and allowed: Imprinted at London by John Charlwoode, for Nicholas Ling, dwelling in Paules Church-yarde, Anno 1590. In Black Letter, Quarto, containing seventy-two pages,

To the Right Honourable Sir Thomas Bromley, Knight, Lord Chaunceller of Englande; William, Lorde Burleigh, and Lorde Treasorer; Robert, Earle of Leicester; with all the rest of her Maiesties most Honourable Priuie Councell, A. M. wisheth a happy race in continuall Honour, and the Fulnesse of Gods Blessing in the Day of Ioy.

HIS booke, right honourable, as I haue been careful to note downe nothing in it, that might impeach me either with error or vntrueth, mallice, or affection to any, but euen haue ordered the same according to certeintie and knowledge; so, when I had fully finished it, and doone the vttermost of my endeuour therein, I considered with my selfe, I was to present the same to such personages of honour, wisdome, and grauitie, as, did mallice rule me, they could quickly espie it; or, affecting myselfe to any, they would soone discerne it; then would honour reprooue me for the one, and theyr noble nature reprehende me in the other,

To discharge myselfe of both these, and purchase the fauour, wherewith your honours are continually adorned; I directed my

Vide the 223d article in the Catalogue of Pamphlets in the Harleian Library.