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OHIO, STATE OF

heavy rains and terrible fatigue all the army during the war 317,133 soldiers. PopIway to Detroit, their destination. See ulation in 1890, 3,672,316; in 1900, 4,157,HULL, WILLIAM. 545. See UNITED STATES, OHIO, in vol. ix.

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Edward Tiffin.

Thomas Kirker....

Samuel Huntington..
Return Jonathan Meigs..
Othniel Looker...

Allen Trimble..

Allen Trimble..

Robert Lucas..
Joseph Vance..
Wilson Shannon.

Thomas Corwin..
Wilson Shannon.

TERRITORIAL GOVERNORS.

Term

Name.

Term began. expired.

Politics.

1788

1802

1802

1803

...

STATE

GOVERNORS.

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Thomas Worthington..
Ethan Allen Brown..

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Jeremiah Morrow.

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William Dennison,
David Tod..

1860

1862

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Thomas W. Bartley.
Mordecai Bartley..
William Bebb.

Seabury Ford.

Reuben Wood.
William Medill.

At the beginning of the Civil War, the governor of Ohio, William Dennison, Jr., was an avowed opponent of the slave system. The legislature met on Jan. 7, 1861. In his message the governor explained his refusal to surrender alleged fugitive slaves on the requisition of the authorities of Kentucky and Tennessee; denied the right of secession; affirmed the loyalty of his State; suggested the repeal of the fugitive slave law as the most effectual way of procuring the repeal of the personal liberty acts; and called for the repeal of the laws of the Southern States which interfered with the constitutional rights of the citizens of the free- Salmon P. Chase.. labor States. "Determined to do no wrong," he said, we will not contentedly John Brough... submit to wrong." The legislature denounced (Jan. 12) the secession movements; promised for the people of Ohio their firm support of the national government; and, on the 14th, pledged "the entire power and resources of the State for a strict maintenance of the Constitution and laws of the general government by whomsoever administered." These promises and pledges were fulfilled to the utmost, the State furnishing to the National

66

Edward F. Noyes.

Rutherford B. Hayes.
Richard M. Bishop..
Charles Foster..

George Hoadley..
Joseph B. Foraker..
James E. Campbell.
William McKinley, Jr...
George K. Nash..
Myron T. Herrick.

Asa S. Bushnell.

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Term.

1803 to 1808

1807 1809

Ohio Company, THE. When, by treaty, the Indians had ceded the lands of the Northwestern Territory, the thoughts of 18031807 enterprising men turned in that direc1809 1810tion as a promising field for settlements. On the night of Jan. 9, 1786, Gen. Rufus Putnam and Gen. Benjamin Tupper form18141815 ed a plan for a company of soldiers of the 1813 1819 Revolution to undertake the task of settle1819 1821 ment on the Ohio River. The next day 1822 1825 they issued a call for such persons who 18281831 felt disposed to engage in the enter

1809
1810 to 1813
1811 1814

1815" 1833

1825 1828

1831 1837

1833 1839 prise to meet at Boston on March 1, 1837" 1849 by delegates chosen in the several

1839" 1845

1850
1849 to 1855
1851"1869

1861

1845 1850 counties in Massachusetts.
They met,
and formed "The Ohio Company."
like Rufus
It was composed of men
1855" 1861 Putnam, Abraham Whipple, J. M. Var-
1861 to 1877 num, Samuel Holden Parsons, Benja-
18691880 min Tupper, R. J. Meigs, whom Amer-
1879"1885 icans think of with gratitude. They
purchased a large tract of land on the
1885 "1891 Ohio River; and on April 7, 1788, the
first detachment of settlers sent by the
company, forty-eight in number — men,
women, and children-seated themselves

1877" 1879

1880

1881 to 1897

1891 "1896
1897 "

1897" 1904
1904 "

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OHIO LAND COMPANY

near the confluence of the Muskingum and Ohio rivers, athwart the great war-path of the fierce Northwestern tribes when they made their bloody incursions to the frontiers of Virginia and Pennsylvania. They named the settlement Marietta, in honor of Marie Antoinette, Queen of France, the ally of the Americans. This was the seed from which sprang the great State of Ohio. It was composed of the choice materials of New England society. At one time and, at their own cost, to build and gar-in 1789- there were no less than rison a fort. The government was anxten of the settlers there who had re- ious to carry out this scheme of colonizaceived a college education. During that tion west of the Alleghany Mountains to year fully 20,000 settlers from the East counteract the evident designs of the were on lands on the banks of the Ohio. French to occupy that country. At the beginning of 1788 there was not a white family within the bounds of that commonwealth.

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GENERAL PUTNAM'S LAND OFFICE AT MARIETTA.

The French took immediate measures to countervail the English movements. Galissonière, who had grand dreams of French empire in America, fitted out an expedition under Céleron de Bienville in 1749 to proclaim French dominion at various points along the Ohio. The company took measures for defining and occupying their domain. Thomas Lee, two of the Washingtons, and other leading Virginia members ordered goods suitable for the Indian trade to be sent from London. The company sent an agent to explore the country and confer with the Indian tribes; and in June, 1752, a conference was held at Logstown, near the Ohio, and friendly relations were established between the English and the Indians. But the Western tribes refused to recognize the right

Ohio Land Company, THE. Soon after the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle an association of London merchants and Virginia land speculators, known as "The Ohio Land Company," obtained from the crown a grant of 500,000 acres of land on the east bank of the Ohio River, with the exclusive privilege of the Indian traffic. International, or at least intercolonial, disputes immediately occurred. The French claimed, by right of discovery, the whole region watered by the tributaries of the Mississippi River. The English set up a claim, in the name of the Six Nations, as under British protection, and which was recognized by the treaties of Utrecht (1713) and Aix-la-Chapelle of either the English or the French to (1748), to the region which they had formerly conquered, and which included the whole eastern portion of the Mississippi Valley and the basin of the lower lakes, Erie and Ontario. These conflicting claims at once embarrassed the operations of the Ohio Land Company. It was provided by their charter that they were to pay no quit-rent for ten years; to colonize at least 100 families within seven years;

lands westward of the Alleghany Mountains. A Delaware chief said to Gist, the agent of the company, "The French claim all the land on one side of the river, and the English claim all the land on the other side of the river: where is the Indian's land?" This significant question was answered by Gist: "Indians and white men are subjects of the British King, and all have an equal privilege in taking up and

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8th to 10th
8th 10th
10th 11th
10th 11th

11th
11th to 13th
11th 13th
13th 14th
13th 16th
14th "23d

16th 17th
17th 19th
19th 20th
20th "23d
22d "25th
23d
"26th
25th 31st
26th" 29th
29th 31st
31st
31st to 34th
32d "41st
34th 37th
37th
37th to 45th
41st 47th
45th 46th
46th 49th
47th

47th to 54th
49th 52d
52d "55th
55th "
55th "58th
58th "

Term. 1803 to 1808

1807" 1809

1809

1810 to 1813

1811 1814

1814 1815
1813 1819

18151833

1825 1828

1831 1837

Ohio Company, THE. When, by treaty, the Indians had ceded the lands of the Northwestern Territory, the thoughts of 1803 1807 enterprising men turned in that direc1809 1810 tion as a promising field for settlements. On the night of Jan. 9, 1786, Gen. Rufus Putnam and Gen. Benjamin Tupper formed a plan for a company of soldiers of the Revolution to undertake the task of settle1819 1821 ment on the Ohio River. The next day 1822 1825 they issued a call for such persons who 18281831 felt disposed to engage in the enter1833 1839 prise to meet at Boston on March 1, 1837 1849 by delegates chosen in the several counties in Massachusetts. They met, and formed "The Ohio Company." It was composed of men like Rufus Putnam, Abraham Whipple, J. M. VarSamuel Holden Parsons, Benjanum, min Tupper, R. J. Meigs, whom AmerThey icans think of with gratitude. purchased a large tract of land on the Ohio River; and on April 7, 1788, the first detachment of settlers sent by the company, forty-eight in number - men, women, and children-seated themselves

1839 1845
1845 1850

1850

1849 to 1855
18511869

1855" 1861

1861
1861 to 1877
1869 1880
1879 1885

1877" 1879

1880

1881 to 1897

1885" 1891
1891 1896

1897 "

1897" 1904

1904 "

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They

OHIO LAND COMPANY

near the confluence of the Muskingum and Ohio rivers, athwart the great war-path of the fierce Northwestern tribes when they made their bloody incursions to the frontiers of Virginia and Pennsylvania. named the settlement Marietta, in honor of Marie Antoinette, Queen of France, the ally of the Americans. This was the seed from which sprang the great State of Ohio. It was composed of the choice materials of New England society. At one time and, at their own cost, to build and gar--in 1789- there were no less than rison a fort. The government was anxten of the settlers there who had re- ious to carry out this scheme of colonizaceived a college education. During that tion west of the Alleghany Mountains to year fully 20,000 settlers from the East counteract the evident designs of the were on lands on the banks of the Ohio. French to occupy that country. At the beginning of 1788 there was not a white family within the bounds of that commonwealth.

[graphic]

GENERAL PUTNAM'S LAND OFFICE AT MARIETTA.

The French took immediate measures to countervail the English movements. Galissonière, who had grand dreams of Ohio Land Company, THE. Soon French empire in America, fitted out an after the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle an expedition under Céleron de Bienville in association of London merchants and Vir- 1749 to proclaim French dominion at ginia land speculators, known as "The various points along the Ohio. The comOhio Land Company," obtained from the pany took measures for defining and occucrown a grant of 500,000 acres of land on pying their domain. Thomas Lee, two of the east bank of the Ohio River, with the the Washingtons, and other leading Virexclusive privilege of the Indian traffic. ginia members ordered goods suitable for International, or at least intercolonial, the Indian trade to be sent from London. disputes immediately occurred. The The company sent an agent to explore the French claimed, by right of discovery, the country and confer with the Indian tribes; whole region watered by the tributaries and in June, 1752, a conference was held of the Mississippi River. The English set at Logstown, near the Ohio, and friendly up a claim, in the name of the Six Na- relations were established between the tions, as under British protection, and English and the Indians. But the Westwhich was recognized by the treaties of ern tribes refused to recognize the right Utrecht (1713) and Aix-la-Chapelle of either the English or the French to (1748), to the region which they had formerly conquered, and which included the whole eastern portion of the Mississippi Valley and the basin of the lower lakes, Erie and Ontario. These conflicting claims at once embarrassed the operations of the Ohio Land Company. It was provided by their charter that they were to pay no quit-rent for ten years; to colonize at least 100 families within seven years;

lands westward of the Alleghany Mountains. A Delaware chief said to Gist, the agent of the company, "The French claim all the land on one side of the river, and the English claim all the land on the other side of the river: where is the Indian's land?" This significant question was answered by Gist: "Indians and white men are subjects of the British King, and all have an equal privilege in taking up and

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