dismissed except when a majority of the teachers in such school are in favor of such dismission.

The following in relation to school funds, school lands, etc., is from the report of of the State commissioner of common schools, for the year 1873:

"The State common school fund consists of such sum as will be produced by the annual levy and assessment of one mill upon the dollar valuation, on the grand list of the taxable property of the State. In addition to this fund, the moneys arising from the sale of lands appropriated by Congress for the support of schools, constitute an irreducible fund, the proceeds accruing from which are distributed to the proper districts to be used for school purposes.

"The irreducible school funds are: (1) The Virginia Military School Fund, the proceeds of the sale of lands selected from Congress lands lying between the United States Military Tract and the Connecticut Western Reserve-equivalent to one thirty-sixth part of the Virginia Military Reservation. (2) The United States Military School Fund, the proceeds of the sale of lands selected in the United States Military District, and equivalent in quantity to one thirty-sixth part of the area of that reservation. (3) The Western Reserve School Fund, the proceeds of the sale of lands situated in the United States Military District, and of lands in Defiance, Williams, Paulding, Putnam, and Van Wert counties, appropriated for the use of schools in the Connecticut Western Reserve, and equivalent to one thirty-sixth part of that district. (4) Section Sixteen, the proceeds of one thirty-sixth part of each township-the sixteenth section-in which the Indian title was not extinguished in 1803. (5) The Moravian School Fund, the proceeds of the sale of one thirty-sixth part of each of three tracts of four thousand acres each situated in Tuscarawas county. (6) The Ohio University Fund, the proceeds of the sale of a part of the land granted by Congress for the purpose of endowing the Ohio University. (7) The Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical

College Fund, the proceeds of the sale of 629,920 acres of land granted by Congress as an endowment for that college.

"The Virginia Military District includes the whole of Adams, Brown, Clermont, Clinton, Fayette, Highland, Madison, and Union counties; one-half of Hardin, Franklin, and Logan; one fourth of Champaign county, onesixth of Clarke, three-fourths of Greene, two-fifths of Warren and Scioto, three-fifths of Pike, two-thirds of Ross and Pickaway, one-fifth of Delaware and Marion, Anderson township in Hamilton county, and part of Goshen township in Auglaize county.

"The United States Military District includes all of Coshocton county, the greater part of Licking, Knox, Delaware, Tuscarawas, and Guernsey, about one-half of Morrow and Muskingum, two-thirds of Holmes, one-third of Franklin, parts of two townships in Marion, and one quarter township in Noble county.

"The Connecticut Western Reserve includes all of Ashtabula, Trumbull, Lake, Geauga, Portage, Cuyahoga, Medina, Lorain, Huron, and Erie counties, all of Summit county excepting two townships, one-half of Mahoning, three townships in Ashland, and Danbury township in Ottawa county."

The following is a summary of the school statistics of Ohio for the year ending August 31, 1874, as appears by the report of the secretary of state:

64

46

for sites and buildings.........

for fuel and other contingent expenses.
on bonds and interest.

Making the total amount paid...

412 21,664

711

683,644

24,299

$1,196,408 20

408,101 25

1,472,100 95

1,328,462 00

516,603 20

8,072,167 65

Total enumeration of youth, six to twenty-one years of age---Average amount paid for school purposes for each youth enumemerated

Number of universities and colleges..

Number of academies, normal schools, etc.

Number of schools of theology.

988,180

$8.16

36

44

12

3

11

Questions-What is said of the establishment of teachers' institutes? How are they maintained? What is said of city institutes? Of joint institutes of two or more counties? With reference to certain days on which teachers of common schools need not teach? With reference to the attendance of teachers at teachers' institutes? What is said, in this connection, in relation to teachers in districts of the first class? Of teachers in union or graded schools? What per cent, on the valuation of the property of the State is levied for the use of common schools? From what other sources are moneys derived for the support of schools? Of the "irreducible school funds," mention the first as given in the lesson, and state what is said in relation thereto. The second. Third. Fourth. Fifth. Sixth. Seventh. What territory is embraced within the Virginia military district? U. S. military district? The Connecticut Western Reserve? How many primary schools were there in Ohio in 1874? High schools? Teachers in primary schools? Teachers in high schools? Scholars enrolled in primary schools? In high schools? Amount paid teachers in primary schools? In high schools? For sites and buildings? For fuel and other contingent expenses? On bonds and interest? Total amount paid? What was the total enumeration of youth between six and twenty-one years of age? Average amount paid for all school purposes for each youth enumerated? Number of universities and colleges? Number of academies, normal schools, etc.? Of schools of theology? Law? Medicine?

A full university course embraces theology, medicine, law, and the sciences and arts.

The word university was used in France during the period of the empire to designate the collective body of the highest institutions of education, consisting of twentysix academies in the principal cities, all under the control of a common head.

"The several faculties of a university are subordinate corporations, consisting of the aggregate of students or teachers in a praticular department of knowledge. The number of faculties has varied much in different universities. The University of Paris had at first only a faculty of arts, which, as early as 1169, existed as a separate body,

with an organization of its own. Faculties of theology, medicine, and cannon law were added in the thirteenth century."*

The word college, in its primary sense, signifies a collection or assembly. This name is also given to a society of persons engaged in the pursuits of literature. These institutions, like universities, are incorporated or established by the legislative power of the State.

Originally, colleges were members of a university, and had no power to confer degrees. But in America and in Scotland this distinction is lost sight of, and colleges and universities alike confer degrees.

Normal Schools, are established for the instruction and training of teachers in their profession. In England they are called "Training Colleges"; and in Germany "Seminaries." The first normal school established in Great Britian was the Sessional School of Edinburg, in 1830. The first one established in America was in 1839, at Lexington, in Massachusetts. In 1870 there were

eighty-two normal schools in America.

Though most of these schools are supported by individual enterprise, a number of them are supported by the States in which they are located.

The educators of this State are by no means agreed touching the policy that should be pursued in relation to the normal schools. Some believe the State should encourage them by furnishing material aid; while others. not only question the propriety of such support, but believe that they are "antagonistic in aim and purpose" to our free high schools.

*Chambers's Encyclopedia.