of the execution of the laws. These independent companies are entitled to the use of the public arms of the State. Nearly every one, if not all of the present military organizations of the State, are organized under the "Independent Militia Law" of 1870. Questions-What persons are subject to military duty? What are the assessors required to do with reference to making lists of persons liable to military duty? What persons are to be embraced in each of the two lists? What persons are exempt from military duty? What statements are the county auditors required to furnish to the adjutant-general of the State? What constitutes the organized militia of the State? What is said of the law of 1866 ? In what cases may the State troops be required to aid the civil authorities? When may the governor call out the militia? What else may he do with reference to raising troops? What is the official relation of the governor to the military forces of the State? What military officer is he required to appoint? When may a medical and a commissary department be organized? How are field officers of the line elected? Commissioned officers of the line? What officers are appointed by the commanding officers of regiments? Of battalions? Of companies? What is said of the law of 1870, and of the independent military organizations? EDUCATION AND EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. 'CHAPTER XLIV. COMMON SCHOOLS-CLASSIFICATION OF DISTRICTS-BOARDS OF - EDUCATION - · COMMISSIONER OF COMMON SCHOOLS EX We have seen, in a preceding chapter, that those who participated in the organization of government in the Northwest Territory, recognized religion, morality, and knowledge, as necessary to good government and the happiness of mankind. We have also seen that under the State government, as early as 1825, a uniform school system was established. Under the present law, the State is divided into school districts, as follows: City districts of the first class, city districts of the second class, village districts, special districts, and township districts. To administer the affairs of the districts, and to look after and promote the educational interests therein, the law has provided for the establishment of boards of education in each district. These boards may acquire real or personal property for the use of their districts, and are required to establish schools for the free education of the youth of school age, and may establish schools of a higher grade than the primary schools. They are to determine the studies to be pursued and the text-books to be used in the schools under their control; to appoint superintendents of schools, teachers and other employees, and fix their salaries. They are authorized to make such rules and regulations as they may deem expedient and necessary for the government of the board, their appointees, and pupils. The following provisions are made by law in regard to the establishment of schools and the studies to be persued therein: "Each board of education shall establish a sufficient number of schools to provide for the free education of the youth of school age within the district, at such places as will be most convenient for the attendance of the largest number of such youth, and also may establish one or more schools of higher grade than the primary schools whenever they deem the establishment of such school or schools proper or necessary for the convenience or progress in studies of the pupils attending the same, or for the conduct and welfare of the educational interests of such district; and the board shall continue each and every day school established by them for not less than twentyfour nor more than forty-four weeks in each school year; provided, that each township board of education shall establish at least one primary school in each sub-district of their township; and the boards of education of the districts in which a "Children's Home" is or may be established under an act entitled "an act for the establishment, support and regulation of Children's Homes in the |