issue to any woman physically defective a special license authorizing the employment of the license (e) for a wage less than the legal minimum wage; Provided, that it is not less than the special minimum wage fixed for that person. Sec. 10. (Wages, minors, investigation, determination.) The commission may at any time inquire into the wages paid to minors in any occupation in which the majority of employees are minors, and may, after giving public hearings, determine minimum wages suitable for such minors. When the commission has made such a determination, it may proceed in the same manner as if the determination had been recommended to the commission by a wage board. Sec. 11. (Employees register; witnesses, fees.) Every employer of women and minors shall keep a register of the names and addresses of all women and minors employed by him, and shall on request permit the commission or any of its members or agents to inspect the register. The commission shall also have power to subpoena witnesses, administer oaths and take testimony, and to examine such parts of the books and records of employers as relate to the wages paid to women and minors. Such witnesses shall be summoned in the same manner and be paid from the treasury of the commonwealth the same fees as witnesses before the District Court. Sec. 12. (Statistics.) The commission may cause such statistics and other data to be gathered as it may deem desirable, and the cost thereof shall be paid out of the appropriation made for the expenses of the commission. Sec. 13. (Discrimination against employee, penalty.) Any employer who discharges or in any other manner discriminates against any employee because such employee has testified, or is about to testify, or because the employer believes that the employee may testify, in any investigation or proceeding relative to the enforcement of this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine of twenty-five dollars for each offense. Sec. 14. (Employers disobeying decrees, publication.) The commission shall from time to time determine whether employers in each occupation investigated are obeying its decrees, and shall publish in the manner provided in section six, the name of any employer whom it finds to be violating any such decree. Sec. 15. (Newspapers, refusing to publish findings of commission, penalty.) Any newspaper publisher or publishers refusing or neglecting to publish the findings, decrees or notices of the commission at its regular rates for the space taken shall, upon conviction thereof. be punished by a fine of not less than one hundred dollars for each offense. Sec. 16. (Publication, damages.) No member of the commission and no newspaper publisher, proprietor, editor or employee thereof, shall be liable to an action for damages for publishing the name of any employer in accordance with the provisions of this act, unless such publication contains scme willful misrepresentation. Sec. 17. (Reports.) The commission shall make a report to the Governor on or before the first day of November, 1914. and biennially thereafter, covering the results secured and data gathered in its work. It may also make such additional reports in the form of bulletins from time to time as in its judgment shall best serve the public interest. Approved, April 21, 1913. PART XI General Factory Inspection and Laws "Time was, and not so very far in the past, when little or no thought was given to the question of protection of human life from the dangers that threatened in the hazardous lines of man's endeavor. Few safety appliances were installed, and the resulting loss of life was looked upon as one of the unavoidable penalties of the industry. But an enlightened public sentiment has wrought a change in this respect, and today the 'Safety First' slogan is one of the most insistent and appealing in our daily industrial life." -Governor Stewart. GENERAL FACTORY SUGGESTIONS These suggestions will apply to every factory or concern where machinery is operated and should be observed by both employer and employee. KINDS OF SAFEGUARDS Men differ on what is safe and what is a dangerous piece of machinery, and as to the kind and the methods of safeguarding. But if a certain thing is dangerous in one factory, then it stands to reason the same thing is dangerous in another factory. Hence the same kind of safeguard will suffice, the important thing being, does the protector protect? DOORS All exit doors should open outward in every factory. CLOTHING Clothing often causes serious damage by a ragged sleeve, loose coat, or flowing cravat by being caught in the moving machinery. Especially is this true among female employees through loose garments and loose hair. The custom of clothing should be governed, in this respect, by certain rules laid down by the employer. ROOM, LIGHT AND AIR Insufficient room and light are most conducive to accident. Especially should there be plenty of room and light around dangerous machines. Air is the stimulus to health and the prevention of accidents. Every stairway, hallway, platform, runway and passage way should be furnished with sufficient light, either natural or artificial, to enable persons to note obstacles. Hand rails should be placed on all stairs and platforms. The edge should be skirted so as to prevent tools and other articles from falling off. RULES AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR SAFEGUARDS 1. All safeguards and safety devices and dangerous places and machinery shall be painted a bright vermillion red. 2. All exposed cogs or gears shall be inclosed in metal casing. 3. Every protruding set-screw in collars and couplings on shaftings or other revolving machinery shall be countersunk or covered with metal boxing. 4. Keys on shaftings, wheels, etc., shall not be allowed to project from ends of shaftings and all dead ends of shaftings shall be enclosed in metal casings or boxings. 5. Pulleys, belts and shaftings must be protected by boxing or inclosing the dangerous parts with metal or other suitable material. chinery is in motion. 6. Belts should never be allowed to rest on shafting when maRest hooks must be provided which will hold the belting free from shafting. 7. All overhead shafting, pulleys and belting which is not more than nine feet from the floor must be protected by boxing or metal casings. 8. All belts must be provided with shifters which can be operated from the floor or should be provided with friction clutch. The practice of shifting belts by hand, either on tight or loose or on cone pulleys, is dangerous and should be prohibited. The use of a stick for shifting belts on cone pulleys is unsatisfactory, and while less dangerous than the shifting of the belt by hand, is unsafe, and the installation of a mechanical shifter is recommended. ROLL FEED MACHINERY, LAUNDRIES AND BAKERIES 9. All machines known as roll-feed in which the operator feeds, by hand, the material, there shall be placed at the point where material is fed into the rolls, roll guards. A device for instantly stopping the machine by the hand or foot shall also be provided which shall be within reach of the operator when operating the machine. EXTRACTORS 10. There shall be placed around each extractor, when in motion, a metal or other suitable screen. WOOD WORKING MACHINERY 11. Wood working machinery is among the most dangerous of any used in industry. The circular rip saw, band saw, planers, wood shapers and the many other sharp-edged tools cannot always be made absolutely harmless. And yet it is possible to reduce the danger materially and often altogether. 12. An effective and simple help is a rubber mat to prevent the operator from slipping. Circular saw guards are manufactured by many firms and of various styles suitable to the machine. 13. A simple arrangement of wooden boxings or partitions will accomplish the desired object with the band saw. This guard will catch the saw if broken and should also contain an exhaust to carry away the saw-dust. 14. Wood planers, wood shapers, swing saws, equalizing saws, circular heading jointers, wood polishers, buzz planers, lathe bolters and all similar machines used in mill and wood working factories, shall be equipped with safety devices necessary for the protection of the operators. ELECTRICAL 15. All floors involving dangerous connections with metal at high pressure shall be covered with insulating mats and kept, at all times, effectively insulated. 16. Signs or indicating lamps must be used at all switches, in electric light and power plants or other places where high pressure currents are used, to show whether the current is on or off each circuit. When current is turned off a circuit, for repair, the switch must first be tagged as a means of showing for whom it is turned off and said tag shall bear the name of the person for whom switch is so tagged. Said tag shall not be removed or current turned on until the person for whom it was tagged shall notify the operator that his work has ceased. 17. All generating machines, dynamo motors and transformer boxes shall be efficiently grounded and should be surrounded with wooden fence or railing or other non-conducting material. ELEVATORS 18. Every elevator, whether freight or passenger, shall be equipped with a speed governor safety device. 19. Every elevator shall be equipped with gates or doors to be not less than six feet in height. Lever bars or chains shall not be used. 20. All freight elevators shall be equipped with a signal or gong to warn persons of its approach. 21. All latches or locks on elevator doors must be kept in good order. 22. All freight elevators must be inclosed on all four sides to the height of not less than six feet, and all floors should be provided with taper toe guards. By GEO. E. NORMAN, Chief Deputy Compensation Commissioner. GENERAL INSPECTION LAW 3588 Sec. 38. (Sanitation, employees, water-closets.) Every factory, mill, workshop, mercantile or mechanical establishment or other building where one or more persons are employed, shall be provided within reasonable access, with a sufficient number of waterclosets, earth closets, or privies for the reasonable use of the persons employed therein and whenever male and female persons are employed as aforesaid together, water-closets, earth closets, or privies separate and apart, shall be provided for the use of either sex, and plainly so designated, and no person shall be allowed to use such closet or privy assigned to the other sex. Such closet shall be properly enclosed and ventilated and at all times kept in a clean and good sanitary condition. When the number employed is more than twenty of either sex, there shall be provided an additional closet for each sex up to the number of forty, and above that number in the same ratio. The Labor Commissioner, his Deputy, or any Factory Inspector, may require such changes in the placing of such closets as he may deem necessary and may require other changes which may serve the best interest of morals and sanitation. 3589 Sec. 39. (Dressing-room.) In factories, mills or workshops, mercantile or mechanical establishments or other places where the labor performed by the operator is of such a character |