heroic size before the Army Medical Museum. It is of the great surgeon, Samuel D. Gross; and though all the elements of modernity were against the sculptor the unpicturesque frock coat, the unresponsive trousers, the stiff necktie Mr. Calder has succeeded in making an impressive figure that holds attention, that somehow creates admiration. So, too, Mr. Calder, at a leap, jumps into the poetic, as witness his "Indian Dreamer," with the suggestive figure seated, his blanket drawn over his body and up to his face-a figure full of mystery, of suggestiveness, almost of awe.

Mr. Calder maintains that the massive grandeur of the sculptures of Egypt, the keen beauty of the Greek, the fervor of the Tuscan work, though still potent, yet leave us unsatisfied, for they can never mean all to us that they did to their own age; and though it has been said that there is nothing more for the sculptor to do, there is the same to do that there always has been and always will be so long as there are shapes and eyes and thoughts and hands in being, since Art springs from the inherent desire for the glorification of what is and what we would but have not. The subject-matter

is always the same is always the same only the point of view or style constantly changes. And thus Art is never done. The influence of sculpture is far-reaching. The mind that loves. this Art and understands its language will more and more insist on a certain order and decorum in visual life. It opens an avenue for the expression of æsthetic enjoyment somewhere between poetry and music and akin to drama. All life is irritation humanity groaning beneath the necessity of toil yearns for respite from the driving cares of time which knows no rest, unless by gentle Art beguiled to make believe that what we wish is true.

W

HERE can I buy an aeroplane, and what will it cost me?" This question is in many minds at this moment. The answer is: You will have to buy in Europe if you want to buy in the open market, although you might be able to secure one from the Curtiss or Wright companies with the understanding or contract that it will not be used in exhibitions. But, even though you place your order abroad, for most types and makes you will probably have to wait some time before you secure the machine you order. Still, if you really want to fly, you can buy a machine of any one of a dozen different types and half a dozen different makes. You can even buy second-hand machines if you wish.

New machines cost from $5,000 to $7,500, although the Santos-Dumont Demoiselle can be bought for $1,200. In importing machines into this country there are extra charges, duty, freight, etc., which amount to 50 per cent. of the original cost. So much for the machine.

There are, however, other expenses necessary before flight is possible. The machine must be housed in an aeroplane shed, or hangar as the French call it. There must be proper grounds to practise on. These grounds should be as large as possible. A square mile of clear, level country such as a light automobile could run over will not be too large for learning. It will be advisable to have a skilled mechanic to take care of the engine, and a helper to assist in bringing it out and setting it up, to look after the woodwork and wires, and to clean the machine and fill the gasolene and oil tanks. It will be necessary to provide tools and machinery. for quick repairs, and it is almost necessary to have an automobile to follow crosscountry flights and assist in case of an accidental landing where supplies cannot be obtained.

But that is not all. You must be prepared to take lessons in flying and spend as much time as may be necessary to

THE BLERIOT MONOPLANE With its wings folded

become proficient. Mr. Farman has said that the aeroplane breakage made by the average man in learning to fly amounts to nearly $2,000, and that to avoid dangers and to prevent accidents a man should have at least sixty trips in the air under the instruction of a competent teacher before he himself takes control of the machine.

Regular schools have been established abroad at Châlons, Pau, Buc, Étampes, Mourmelon, Lyons, Juvisy, Issy, and Mouzon. Hundreds of flights are being made every week.

There are more than a hundred aviators with pilots' licenses issued by the Aero Club of France. The qualifications for a pilot's license require three trips of five kilometres (about three miles) each, not necessarily on the same day, to be made in the presence of a committee of representatives of the Aero Club.

This is the European way of learning. Most of the fliers in this country have

A TURN TOO NEAR THE GROUND Mr. Farman estimates that the ordinary man will have to spend $2,000 for "breakages" in learning to fly

learned in a typically American way that is, they just got in and flew, trusting to Providence, their own quick wits, and the luck of the American eagle to keep them from breaking their necks. The aviators of the Wright company have been carefully taught, but Hamilton, Mars, Willard, Baldwin (although fifty-six years old), and McCurdy just got in and flew.

The more careful method, however, will save the usual beginner much "breakage money," and maybe a hospital bill. Speaking of this, Mr. Clifford B. Harmon,

Photograph from Edwin Levick MAKING A TURN

the Chairman of the National Council of the Aero Club of America, remarked:

"After studying the machine, you come to the conclusion that when the aeroplane is turned over to you the first thing to do is to go into the air. Now that, in my opinion, is just the thing not to do. It does not require so much nerve to go into the air as it does to keep on the ground, especially when your many friends and associates congregate around you to see you fly. Should you follow your first impulse and go into the air, you are very fortunate if you reach the ground again in safety, since, no matter how short the flight may be, the least turn in the wrong direction will swerve your planes so that they hit unevenly and the frail structure will almost surely be broken. Then there is an aggravating wait until it is repaired. You start again, repeat the same performance,