2. Avaricea is the root of many evils; lavishness is a tree full of bitter fruit.e

b

с

3. Arnold's original a sketches on history and theology were at first remarkable rather as proofsh of industry than of power.k

4. He was admitted upon the footing of halfd friend, half underling.

e

e

5. Luthera, by his translation of the Bible, has given the sacred scripturesd into the hands of the people for f investigation and examination.h

6.

с

The swiftness a of the windb which has even become a proverb, is fare smaller than people generally h imagine.i

10. Innocence and virtue are always related to each other.c

2. a

Geiz, m., and observe, that the definite article stands before names of abstract things, if their whole essence is expressed. Wurzel, f. c Uebel, n. d Verschwendung. say, fruits Frud)t, f. (pl.

Früchte).

e

3. a ursprünglich. bAufsaß, m. (pl.—såße).

c über with Acc.

d (Geschichte, f., and mark, the definite article stands before the names of sciences. Theologie, f. merkwürdig. & vielmehr.

e

(pl. -e). iFleiß, m. Kraft, f.

4.

с

a to admit zulassen. bauf with Acc. Fuß, m.

e Untergebener.

5. a Put in the translation the verb has immediately after Luther. b Ueberseßung. Bibel, f. Schrift, f. (pl.—en). © Volk, n. fzu with Dat. Forschen, n., to be preceded by the definite article so as to make it coalesce with zu into one word. h Prüfen, n.

Geschwindigkeit.

6. a werden. e weit.

f

b Wind, m. fogar. d zum Sprichwort geringer. man. h gewöhnlich.

8. a Hund, m. (pl.—e). btreu. ©Thier, n. (pl.—e).

9. a Tugend, f. bbelohnen.

10.

a

Unschuld, f. b verwandt. c mit einander.

11. Hopea does not allow us to be confounded.c 12. The liona, tiger b, lynx, and wolfd are ravenous beasts.f

13.

Richesa and honourb alone do not make happy. 14. I have bought the housea, garden and meadows of my neighbour.d

15.

a

b He was dazzled by the glitter of gold.c 16. He spoke to

faith.e

her words of consolationd and

с

17. He did not succeed a fromb want of earnestness d and application.o

с

18. A feeling of angerb seized me at this moment. 19. The Greeks a represented Death almost like Sleep.f

20. The best merchanta is warb; it makes gold out of iron.d

e

11. a

Hoffnung. blassen. zu Schanden werden.

12. a Lóme; mark, when the subject or object of a sentence contains more than one Substantive of the same gender and number, the article need only stand before the first; if they have different genders and numbers, then the article must be repeated before each separately. Tiger. Luchs. a Wolf. reißend.

b

с

e

13. a Reichthum, m. (pl. —thůmer).

15.

с

Haus, n. b Garten, m. Wiese, f. d Nachbar (G. —n).

C

a blenden. Glanz, m. c Gold, n., and observe, the definite article stands before names of materials, if the whole matter is implied. sprechen. bzu. c Wort, n. ( pl.—e). ̧aTrost, m. e Glau

16. a

ben, m.

17. say, it did not succeed to him; to succeed gelingen. baus. C Mangel, m. a Ernst, m. e Fleiß, m.

article stands before the names of abstract things, if they are represented as personal beings. dfast. e åhnlich with the Dative, by which it is preceded. Edhlaf, m. (G. —es).

21.

b

Childhood and old age appear to me equallyd venerable; the first, because it seems just to come j from the hands of God; the latter', because it returns m thither."

III. ON THE DECLENSION OF SUBSTANTIVES.

1. Anya means are just to malice.d

2. Every day lasts a long to laziness.b 3. Patients a want b rest.c

5.

C

4. Docile a dogs give pleasure to children. Glassa has been invented by the Phœnicians. The dieta in Swedenb consists ofd four classes, the nobility, the clergy, the citizens", and peasants.

e

6.

с

21. Kindheit. bold age Alter, n. c vorkommen. ehrwürdig. say, that one jener, jene, jenes. s weil.

a gleich.

scheinen.

ieben erst. J kommen. koon. say, this one dieser, diese, dieses. in zurückkehren. n dahin.

b

1. alle. Mittel, n., and mark, Substantives masculine and neuter in el, en, er, have no termination in Nominative plural. recht. Bosheit.

d

3. a Kranke, and observe, Substantives which originally are Adjectives, are declined like the definite article, if no article precedes. b bedürfen with Gen. Ruhe, f.

b

с

с

4. a gelebrige. Hund, m., and mark, all Substantives masculine of one syllable have in Plural Nominative an e, and the vowel generally is modified; but in Hund the vowel does not change. Kind, and observe, 1) Substantives neuter of one syllable have in Nominative Plural an er, and a modification of the vowel; and 2) the Dative Plural ALWAYS has an n added to the Nominative Plural. a Glas, n. b erfinden. c Phònizier (cf. Note 1.b).

5.

bestehen. d aus with Dative. f Adel, m. 8 Geistlichkeit.

7. The noblenessa of the mind shows itself in words d and deeds.

8.

Admiral Horn dieda on the scaffold.c

9. The merchants in the city assemble ond the exchange.e

10. The height of the Brockenb in the Harz mountains amounts tod 3,500 feet.

с

11. Also in the oceana are found mountains and val

leys.d

12. The nature of things a is changeable.b

13. The laws of religion and of morals are the conditions of our spirituald existence.

14. The desire of knowledge a strives not so much

7. a Adel, m. b Seele, f.

sich aussprechen.

mark, it has two forms in Plural, Werte and Wörter;

words connected, the second signifies words detached.

с

d Wort, n., and the first means

That, f.

have

8. a sterben. b auf with Dat. Blutgerüst, n., and mark, Substantives masculine or neuter, not terminating in el, en, er, or e, in Singular Genitive an es, and in the Dative an e.

9. a der Kaufmann (pl. Kaufleute); Substantives compounded with Mann, change this in plural in Leute.

meln. dauf with Dat. e Börse, ƒ.

a

bStadt, f. cfid) versam

c mountains as a coherent chain or

10. Höhe, f. b Brocken, m. mass of mountains is Gebirge, n. a to amount to betragen. eFuß, m., and mark, Substantives implying measure and at the same time the things measured, have no plural.

11.

d Thal, n.

с

Weltmeer, n. b to be found sich finden. c Berg, m.

12. a Ding, n., and mark, if Ding means thing, the Plural has e; but if it implies small, indifferent or ridiculous things, it has er. b veränderlich.

13. a Gesek, n. b morals, when meaning those qualities of good habits which are innate in human beings, is Sitten, but when implying the science of ethics, is Sittenlehre, f. Bedingung. d geistig. e Dasein, n.

с

14. a desire of knowledge Wißbegierde, f. bstreben.

after a mass af acquirements as rather to know thoroughlyf what is investigated.s

15. Crows, jackdaws, magpies, and their liked, distinguish themselves from other birds by their croaking and chattering.h

с

16. Simplicity and stupidity sometimes get ond better than cunning, alike as cowardice sometimes gains the victory over1 audacity.j

h

17. Newspapers a give food to curiosity, learned reviews to polymathy, and life and a few books to the desire of knowledge.

18. The roaring of the lion announces the king of beasts.d

19. What a gradation from the croaking of the raven up to the songe of the nightingalef!

20. The spots suit well the tigere and panther, and the long sneaking form suits well the marten.s

e

Menge,f.Kenntniß, f., and mark, feminine Substantives in niß have in Nominative Plural an e against the rule.

f gründlich. 8 erforschen.

a

e vielmehr.

15. Krähe, f. b Dohle, f. Elster, f. d say, of their like (ihr Gleiches, Gen. ihres Gleichen); in the same way my like meines Gleichen. esich unterscheiden. Vogel, m., which is one of those Substantives in el, that modify the vowel in plural, Bögel.

Gekrächze, n.

d fortkommen. i über with Acc.

Neugier, f. die gelehrten Jahr

Zeitung. Nahrung. bücher. e Vielwisserei. wenige. 18. a Gebrüll, n. b Lowe, m. against the rule, has in Plural an e. 19. Abstufung. Kråchzen, n. Gesang, m. Nachtigall, f.

a

b

cankündigen.

C

c Rabe, m.

d bis zu with Dat.

е

20. Flecken, m.

bwohl stehen with Dat.

ther, m. eschleichend. Gestalt, f. & Marder, m.