are male plants. These and the

plants of Mr.

Douglas have been carefully compared with European ones found growing on the Juníperus Oxýcedrus, some from the south of France (in Languedoc, gathered by M. Bory de Saint Vincent), and others from Mt. Caucasus, communicated to me by Mr. Prescott,and I must confess, I cannot perceive any specific difference in them whatever. general, but not always, those from the old world are either greener or blacker when dry; and the American more yellow."(Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer., i. p. 278.) Pinus ponderòsa, which is, perhaps, more hardy than the pinaster, and is

growth, has a noble appearance, even when a young tree; and, together with P. Sabiniana and P. Coúlteri, equally noble trees, and apparently as hardy and of as rapid growth, well deserves a place in every pinetum. Price of the plants, in the London nurseries, 21s. each.

Sect. Char. Cones large, with the apex of the scales elongated and hooked. 20. P. SABINIA NA Douglas. Sabine's, or the great prickly-coned, Pine. Identification. Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 2. t. 80.; Lawson's Manual, p. 353.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Engravings. Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 2. t. 80.; our fig. 2142., to our usual scale; and figs. 2138. to 2140., of the natural size, from the tree in the Horticultural Society's Garden, and Lambert. Spec. Char., &c. Leaves in threes, very long. Cones ovate, echinate, very large. Scales long, awl-shaped, incurved, and spiny at the apex. (Lamb. Pin.) Buds,

on the tree in the Horticultural Society's Garden (see fig. 2139.), nearly 1 in. long, and in. broad; convex on the sides, imbricated, but not covered with resin. Leaves from 10 in. to 1 ft. in length; glaucous in every stage of their growth, flexuose; and, when full-grown, partly bent downwards, as those shown in fig. 2142. Sheaths above 1 in. in length, membranaceous, ashbrown, shining, and nearly entire at the top,with numerous rings; scales of the cones, in the specimens sent home by Douglas, 2 in. long and 1 in. broad (see fig. 2140.). Seeds (a in fig. 2140., and b in fig. 2141) above 1 in. long, and nearly in. broad, much larger than those of P. Coúlteri shown at a in fig. 2141.; wing very short. Shoots of the current year covered with violet-coloured bloom, like those of P. ìnops, but darker. Native of California. Description. Douglas describes the leaves as in threes, very rarely in fours, from 11 in. to 14 in. long, sharp, round, and smooth on the outside, angular on the inside, serrated, more widely and conspicuously so towards the point, erect, but flaccid and drooping during winter; sheath 1 in. long, light brown, chaffy, sometimes torn at the top. Stipules lanceolate and rigid. Male and female catkins erect. Flowers appearing in February and March. Cones

2139

of a bright green when young; at the end of the first season, measuring from 6 in. to 8 in. round, and being then of a more rounded form than they are when perfect, in the November of the following year (see fig. 2138.: when mature, ovate, recurved, pressing on the shoots for support, in clusters of from 3 to 9, surrounding the stem; remaining on the tree for a series of years; and from

2140

9 in. to 11 in. long, and from 16 in. to 18 in. round; some, however, are larger. Scales spathulate, 24 in. long, having a very strong, sharp, incurved point (see b in fig. 2140.) with abundance of pellucid resin. Seeds (see a in fig. 2140.) somewhat oblong, tapering to the base; flattish on the inside, lin. long, and nearly in. broad; shell thick, hard, brown; wing yellow, short, stiff, and half the length of the seed, which it nearly encompasses; kernel pleasant to the taste. Cotyledons from 7 to 12. The tree does not attain quite so large a size as the other gigantic species of the genus, which inhabit the northern and western parts of North America. The trees are of a tapering form, straight, and of regular growth; from 40 ft. to 120 ft. in height, with trunks from 2 ft. to 12 ft. in circumference (or, as Douglas states in his letter to Sir W. J. Hooker, from 110 ft. to 140 ft. in height, with trunks from 3 ft. to 12 ft. in diameter), clothed with branches to the ground when standing far apart or solitary. The largest and most handsome trees inhabit the aqueous

wood is white, soft, evengrained, and perhaps not very durable. (Lamb. Pin., t. 80.; and Comp. to the Bot. Mag., ii. p. 150.) In the Companion to the Botanical Magazine are published a number of letters from Douglas to Sir W. J. Hooker, by which it appears that Douglas discovered this pine in 1826, and named it in compliment to his early friend and patron Mr. Sabine; but, unfortunately, he lost his spe

cimens, together with the notes he had made, in crossing a rapid stream, on his return northward. In a letter dated Monterey, Upper California, November 23. 1831, after stating that he had found another tree of this species, he says, "I sent to London a detailed account of this most beautiful tree, to be published in the Horticultural Transactions." This account never arrived; but the cones and spe

2142

The species

was 4 ft. 6 in. high, fig. 2143. is a portrait, to a scale of 1 in. to 4 ft. There is a plant at Dropmore, which, in 1837, was 5 ft. 6 in. high. appears to be as hardy as the pinaster.

21. P. (S.) Cou'LTERI D. Don.

Coulter's, or the great hooked, Pine.

Identification. Don in Lin. Trans., 17. p. 440.; Lamb. Pin., 3. t. 83.
Synonymes. P. Sabiniana var. Hort.; P. macrocarpa Lindl. MS.

Engravings. Lamb. Pin., 3. t. 83.; our fig. 2146. from Lambert, fig. 2141. from the dried cone in the Horticultural Society's herbarium, and figs. 2144. and 2145. from the young plants in the Horticultural Society's Garden.

Spec. Char., &c. Leaves in threes, very long, compressed; sheaths ragged. Cones oblong, solitary, very large; scales wedge-shaped, with the apex elongated, thickened, lanceolate, mucronate, compressed, hooked. (D. Don.) Buds, on the tree in the Horticultural Society's Garden (see fig. 2144.), I in. long, and from in. to in. broad; conical, pointed, convex on the sides, imbricated; the scales of the buds adpressed, brown, and not covered with resin. Leaves of the young plants 9 in. long, and of the dried specimens in the herbarium of the Horticultural Society, upwards of 10 in. long; of the same glaucous hue as those of P. Sabiniana, but not turned downwards at any stage of their growth. Cones (see fig. 2146., to our usual scale) sent home by Douglas 1 ft. in length, and 6 in. in breadth; scales of the cones 3 in. long, and from 14in. to 1 in. broad. Scales (see fig. 2141. c) from 3 in. to 4 in. long, and from 1 in. to 13 in. broad; in fig. 2146., at a, a front view of the hook of the scale is given, of the natural size. Seed (see fig. 2141. a) brown, flattish, from in. to in. in length, and in. in breadth, without the wing; with the wing, 1 in. in length; wing stiff, light brown, and nearly encompassing the seed. Cotyledons,? The seed of P. Sabiniana is much larger than that of P. Coúlteri, as shown at a in the same figure. Shoots of the current year covered with a violet-coloured glaucous bloom, like those of P. ìnops, but darker. Native of California, on mountains. Description. A large strong-growing tree, from 80 ft. to 100 ft. high. Bark brownish. Branches large; top spreading. Branchlets knotted, and tubercled from the callous bases of

the stipular scales; about 1 in. in thickness. Leaves in threes, rarely in fours or fives, about 9 in. long, incurved, somewhat compressed, mucronate; 2furrowed above, flattish beneath, slightly serrated on the margin, and on the elevated line along the middle; sheaths 1 in. long, about the thickness of a crow-quill, swelling at the tips. Scales of the stipules ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, cartilaginous, bright brown, shining, adpressed; margin scarious, white, thread-like, and torn; with the lower ones shorter, and keel-shaped. Stipules larger, much acuminated, hooded at the base, callous, indurated, and persistent. All the cones large, conical-oblong, 1 ft. and more in length, 6 in. in diameter near the middle, and weighing about 4 lb. Scales wedge-shaped, elongated at the apex, lanceolate, mucronate,

2144

compressed on both sides, obsoletely quadrangular, incurved and hooked, very thick, indurated, smooth, shining, brownish, acute at the margin, 1 in. to 3 in. long; the lower ones longer, deflexed, and spreading. (Lamb.)