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then men will be judged, not by their success, but by their merits. Then villany will not be triumphant, or triumphant villany will not be applauded.

Thompson's Christian Theism.

PRESENT AND FUTURE.

If a man dies in battle, by accident, or by disease, survivors generally confine their thoughts to the effects which the event may produce on the temporal relations of the individual. Had he a family? Has he left provision for them? Or did he suffer much pain? Had he skilful physicians, &c. The other view of the event, which is infinitely more important, is this, that man whose lifeless body lies before us, has left this world forever; death to him has proved an event of unspeakable importance; he is in heaven or hell; it matters not whether he was rich, and beloved and venerated, or whether he died the death of a hero, and suffered much or little pain; but it does matter whether he was a Christian in the Bible sense of the term; for if he was not his doom is eternally fixed, and he has become an heir to everlasting perdition. His death may have produced little impression on the community in which he lived, but it was everything to him, as it has sealed him an heir of salvation or damnation.

A PASTORAL LETTER.

The following is a beautiful pastoral letter addressed to the churches. Its brevity may commend it to some, its antisectarian character to all. Its authority is unquestionable, and if its advices were heeded, the most desirable results would follow.

"We beseech you, brethren, to know them which labour among you, and are over you in the Lord, and admonish you; and to esteem them very highly in love for their work's sake. And be at peace among yourselves." PAUL

ESCAPE FOR THY LIFE.

This call, or entreaty, would scarcely be needed, if your dwelling was enveloped in flames, and a way of escape was before you. Nor if you, a prisoner in some gloomy dun

geon, saw at length the door opening wide for your escape. How strange, then, that you remain careless and unconcerned, when your deathless, immortal spirit is in danger every moment of being "cast into hell-fire!"

Better, far better, that the body consume to ashes, than the soul be consigned to everlasting torments; better that it rot in an earthly dungeon, than that thy immortal spirit live in the prison-house of despair. Light and transient are all the sicknesses and sorrows of time, compared to the gnawings of the worm which never dies; of the fire which cannot be quenched; of the scorpion sting of a guilty, selftormenting conscience.

Escape for thy life; "flee from the wrath to come;" hasten to " the city of refuge ;" secure an interest by faith, in "the blood and righteousness of Jesus Christ;" for the avenger of blood is at thy heels, and thou art condemned already."-American Messenger.

EUSEBIUS.

When Valens, the Emperor, sent messengers to win Eusebius to heresy by fair words and large promises, he answered, "Alas! Sirs, these speeches are fit to catch little children but we, who are taught and nourished by the holy Scriptures, are ready to suffer a thousand deaths rather than suffer one tittle of the Scriptures to be altered." When the Emperor threatened to confiscate his goods, to torment, to banish, or to kill him; he answered, "He needs not fear confiscation, who has nothing to lose: nor banishment, to whom heaven only is a country; nor torments, when his body will be destroyed at one blow; nor death, which was the only way to set him at liberty from sin and sorrow."

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of transit affording no appreciable example, intelligence travels from city to city, and from continent to continent, with such lightning despatch, that the slow instrument and process of language fails to describe it; for in less time than the words can be written, nay, before their sound has well fallen upon the ear, and even while the organs of speech may be still employed in the act of articulation, this wondrous messenger may be dotting them down at a distance of hundreds of miles. Such a fact is scarcely to be believed, and yet this statement contains no inversion of the truth or element of exaggeration; for we are told, that if it were possible to encircle the globe eight times with telegraph or copper wire, the electric current would travel the whole distance in a second of time. "Give me but an unlimited length of wire,” exclaimed an electrician, "and I will girdle the universe with a sentence in forty minutes." This electricity, observe, is as old as the earth. Hidden from the gazeexcept when "God has spoken in the clouds "—it has also eluded the use of man, for purposes of communication, for upwards of six thousand years; while it has been reserved to our own time, and to the children of science, who still dwell in the midst of us, to make it subserve the purpose of transmission of thought and knowledge.

It is now about a century since the discovery was made that the electricity of a charged Leyden jar, or battery, would pass instantaneously through a great length of moist earth Voltaic electricity has more recently been discovered to possess the same power. But the submarine adaptation of electricity, in the Baconian sense, was first discovered by Professor Morse, of the United States, in 1842; and in 1844, he submitted his subaqueous plan to the House of Representatives.

"That steed called lightning (says the Fates)

I own'd in the United States;

'Twas Franklin's hand that caught the horse,

"Twas harness'd by Professor Morse."

Many other scientific men, both in England and on the continent, knew that water was a powerful conductor of electricity; but the application of the theory to a practical end was first made by the American philosopher. Nor is this the only instance in which American enterprise has stolen a march upon the more dilatory achievements of other countries, for the passage of the Isthmus of Panama affords another and more recent instance of the indomitable energy of that great people. While others are content

to talk, they act.

In the autumn of the year 1843, Professor Morse sustained by the favourable regard of the American Institute, determined to bring before the public of New York an experimental demonstration of the practical utility of his electro-aquatic scheme, by uniting Governor's Island with Castle Garden, a distance of about a mile. He was successful in the preliminary business of submerging his wires, properly insulated, and began to operate; but after receiving only two or three characters, was deeply mortified to have to submit to an abrupt interruption of his experiment, caused by the anchor of a vessel, which accidentally severed them. Nothing daunted by present discomfiture, he immediately determined to renew the experiment, guarded by the caution of so arranging the wires as to prevent a recurrence of a similar disaster. By this experiment, it was discovered that the electricity passed the river in quantity proportioned to the size of the plates in the water, and that the distance of the plates affected the result. Professor Vail, one of Morse's assistants, subsequently crossed the river Susquehanna, at Havre de Grace, a distance of one mile, with the most triumphant success. The next application of this discovery was made by the Electric Telegraph Company and Captain Taylor, in the Submarine Telegraph which is laid across the English Channel, and connects the house of the Admiral in the Dockyard of Portsmouth with the railway terminus at Gosport. Thus there exists a direct communication from London to the official residence of the Port-Admiral at Portsmouth.

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