have jurisdiction of the following cases, viz.: First-Of cases in which the matter in dispute is a money demand or personal property, and the amount of the demand (exclusive of interest), or the value of the property, exceeds three hundred dollars. Second-Of cases wherein the title to real estate or mining claims, or questions of boundaries to land, is or may be involved; or of cases that shall in any manner conflict with the jurisdiction of the several courts of record in this State; and, provided further, That Justices' Courts shall have such criminal jurisdiction as may be prescribed by law; and the Legislature may confer upon said courts jurisdiction, concurring with the District Courts, of actions to enforce mechanics' liens, wherein the amount (exclusive of interest) does not exceed three hundred dollars; and also of actions for the possession of lands and tenements, where the relation of landlord and tenant exists, or when such possession has been unlawfully or fraudulently obtained or withheld. The Legislature shall also prescribe, by law, the manner, and determine the cases, in which appeals may be taken from Justices' and other courts. The Supreme Court, the District Courts, and such other courts as the Legislature shall designate, shall be the courts of record.

Sec. 9. Provision shall be made, by law, prescribing the powers, duties, and responsibilities of any municipal court that may be established in pursuance of section one of this article; and also fixing, by law, the jurisdiction of said court, so as not to conflict with that of the several courts of record.

Sec. 10. No judicial officer, except justices of the peace, and city recorders, shall receive, to his own use, any fees or perquisites of office.

Sec. 11. The justices of the Supreme Court and the district judges shall be ineligible to any office, other than a judicial office, during the term for which they shall have been elected; and all elections or appointments of any such judges, by the people, Legislature or otherwise, during said period, to any office other than judicial, shall be void.

Sec. 12. Judges shall not charge juries in respect to matters of fact, but may state the testimony and declare the law.

Sec. 13. The style of process shall be "The State of Nevada,” and all prosecutions shall be conducted in the name and by the authority of the same.

Sec. 14. There shall be but one form of civil action, and law and equity may be administered in the same action.

Sec. 15. The justices of the Supreme Court and district judges shall each receive, quarterly, for their services, a compensation to be fixed by law, and which shall not be increased or diminished during the term for which they shall have been elected, unless in case a vacancy occurs, in which case the successor of the former incumbent shall receive only such salary as may be provided by law at the time of his election or appointment; and provision shall be made by law for setting apart from each year's revenue a sufficient amount of money to pay such compensation: Provided, That district judges shall be paid out of the county treasuries of the counties composing their respective districts.

Sec. 16. The Legislature, at its first session, and from time to time thereafter, shall provide, by law, that upon the institution of each civil action and other proceedings, and also upon the perfecting of an appeal in any civil action or proceeding in the several courts of record in this State, a special court fee or tax shall be advanced to the clerks of said courts, respectively, by the party or parties bringing such action or proceedings or taking such appeal; and the money so paid in shall be accounted for by such clerks, and applied toward the payment of the compensation of the judges of said courts, as shall be directed by law.

Sec. 17. The Legislature shall have no power to grant leave of absence to a judicial officer, and any such officer who shall absent himself from the State for more than ninety consecutive days, shall be deemed to have vacated his office.

Sec. 18. No judicial officer shall be superseded, nor shall the organization of the several courts of the Territory of Nevada be changed, until the election and qualification of the several officers provided for in this article..

ARTICLE VII.

Impeachment and Removal from Office.

Section 1. The Assembly shall have the sole power of impeaching. The concurrence of a majority of all the members elected shall be necessary to an impeachment. All impeachments shall be tried by the Senate, and, when sitting for that purpose, the Senators shall be upon oath or affirmation to do

justice according to law and evidence. The chief justice of the Supreme Court shall preside over the Senate while sitting to try the Governor or Lieutenant-Governor upon impeachment. No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the Senators elected.

Sec. 2. The Governor, and other State and judicial officers, except justices of the peace, shall be liable to impeachment for misdemeanor or malfeasance in office; but judgment in such case shall not extend further than removal from office, and disqualification to hold any office of honor, profit, or trust, under this State. The party, whether convicted or acquitted, shall nevertheless be liable to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment, according to law.

Sec. 3. For any reasonable cause, to be entered on the journals of each House, which may or may not be sufficient grounds for impeachment, the chief justice and associate justices of the Supreme Court and judges of the District Courts shall be removed from office on the vote of two-thirds of the members elected to each branch of the Legislature, and the justice or judge complained of shall be served with a copy of the complaint against him, and shall have an opportunity of being heard in person, or by counsel, in his defense: Provided, That no member of either branch of the Legislature shall be eligible to fill the vacancy occasioned by such removal.

Sec. 4. Provision shall be made by law for the removal from office of any civil officer, other than those in this article previously specified, for malfeasance or nonfeasance in the performance of his duties.

ARTICLE VIII.

Municipal and Other Corporations.

Section 1. The Legislature shall pass no special act in any matter relating to corporate powers, except for municipal purposes; but corporations may be formed under general laws; and all such laws may, from time to time, be altered or repealed.

Sec. 2. All real property and possessory rights to the same, as well as personal property in this State, belonging to corporations now existing or hereafter created, shall be subject to taxation the same as property of individuals: Provided, That the property of corporations formed for municipal, charitable, religious, or educational purposes may be exempted by law.

Sec. 3. Dues from corporations shall be secured by such means as may be prescribed by law: Provided, That corporators in corporations formed under the laws of this State shall not be individually liable for the debts or liabilities of such corporations.

Sec. 4. Corporations created by or under the laws of the Territory of Nevada shall be subject to the provisions of such laws until the Legislature shall pass laws regulating the same, in pursuance of this Constitution.

Sec. 5. Corporations may sue and be sued in all courts, in like manner as individuals.

Sec. 6. No bank notes or paper of any kind shall ever be permitted to circulate as money in this State, except the federal currency and the notes of banks authorized under the laws of Congress.

Sec. 7. No right of way shall be appropriated to the use of any corporation until full compensation be first made or secured therefor.

Sec. 8. The Legislature shall provide for the organization of cities and towns by general laws, and restrict their powers of taxation, assessment, borrowing money, contracting debts, and loaning their credit, except for procuring supplies of water.

Sec. 9. The State shall not donate or loan money or its credit, subscribe to or be interested in the stock of any company, association, or corporation, except corporations formed for educational or charitable purposes.

Sec. 10. No county, city, town, or other municipal corporation shall become a stockholder in any joint-stock company, corporation or association whatever, or loan its credit in aid of any such company, corporation, or association, except railroad corporations, companies, or associations.

ARTICLE IX.

Finance and State Debt.

Section 1. The fiscal year shall commence on the first day of January in each year.

Sec. 2. The Legislature shall provide by law for an annual tax sufficient to defray the estimated expenses of the State for each fiscal year, and whenever the expenses of any year shall exceed the income, the Legislature shall provide for levying a tax sufficient, with other sources of income, to pay the defic

iency, as well as the estimated expenses of such ensuing years (year) or two years.

Sec. 3. For the purpose of enabling the State to transact its business upon a cash basis, from its organization, the State may contract public debts; but such debts shall never, in the aggregate, exclusive of interest, exceed the sum of three hundred thousand dollars, except for the purpose of defraying extraordinary expenses as hereinafter mentioned. Every such debt shall be authorized by law for some purpose or purposes, to be distinctly specified therein; and every such law shall provide for levying an annual tax sufficient to pay the interest semi-annually, and the principal within twenty years from the passage of such law, and shall specially appropriate the proceeds of said taxes to the payment of said principal and interest, and such appropriation shall not be repealed, nor the taxes be postponed or diminished until the principal and interest of said debts shall have been wholly paid. Every contract of indebtedness entered into or assumed by or on behalf of the State, when all its debts and liabilities amount to said sum before mentioned, shall be void and of no effect, except in cases of money borrowed to repel invasion, suppress insurrection, defend the State in time of war, or, if hostilities be threatened, provide for the public defense.

Sec. 4. The State shall never assume the debts of any county, town, or city, or other corporation whatever, unless such debts have been created to repel invasion, suppress insurrection, or to provide for the public defense.

ARTICLE X.
Taxation.

Section 1. The Legislature shall provide by law for a uniform and equal rate of assessment and taxation, and shall prescribe such regulations as shall secure a just valuation for taxation of all property, real, personal, and possessory, excepting mines and mining claims, the proceeds of which alone shall be taxed, and also excepting such property as may be exempted by law for municipal, educational, literary, scientific, religious, or charitable purposes.

ARTICLE XI.
Education.

Section 1. The Legislature shall encourage, by all suitable means, the promotion of intellectual, literary, scientific, mining,