agreed that whatever may be contrary to them, shall be regulated by the minister of the French marine, and the minister plenipotentiary of the United States of America.

It is likewise agreed that the orders given by the minister of the French marine, and the minister plenipotentiary of the United States of America shall be executed.

Considering the necessity there is of preserving the interests of each individual, the prizes that shall be taken shall be remitted to the orders of monsieur le Ray de Chaumont, honorary intendant of the royal Hotel of Invalids, who has furnished the expenses of the armament of the said squadron.

It has been agreed, that Mr. le Ray de Chaumont, be requested not to give up the part of the prizes coming to all the crews, and to each individual of the said squadron, but to their order, and to be responsible for the same in his own and proper name.

Whereas the said squadron has been formed for the purpose of injuring the common enemies of France and America: it has been agreed that such armed vessels, whether French or American, may be associated therewith as by common consent, shall be found suitable for the purpose, and that they shall have such proportion of the prizes which shall be taken, as the laws of their respective coun tries allow them.

In case of the death of the beforementioned commanders of vessels, he shall be replaced agreeably to the order of the tariff, with liberty however, for the success, or to chuse whether he will remain on board his own vessel, and give up to the next in order, the command of the vacant ship.

It has moreover been agreed, that the commander of the Stag shall be excepted from the last article of this present agreement, because in case of a disaster to Mr. de Varage,

M

he shall be replaced by his second in command, and so on by the other officers of his cutter the Stag.

J. P. JONES,

P. LANDAIS,

DE COTTINEAU,
VARAGE,

LE RAY DE CHAUMONT.

P. RICOT.

To Samuel Huntington, Esq. President of congress.

SIR,

Passy, May 3, 1781.

ENCLOSED are copies of a number of public letters taken from the English in a late New York packet, of which I have already sent duplicates by several conveyances.

I have the honor to be, &c.

SIR,

B. FRANKLIN.

To the same.

Passy, May 14, 1781.

I DID myself the honor of writing to your excellency pretty fully, on the 12th of March, to which I beg leave to refer. Colonel Laurens arriving soon after, we renewed the application for more money. His indefatigable endeavors have brought the good dispositions of this court to a more speedy determination of making an addition, than could well have been expected so soon after the former grant. As he will have an opportunity of acquainting you personally with all the particulars of importance, a circumstantial account of the transaction from me is unnecessary. I would only mention that as it is the practice here to consider early in the year, the probable expenses of the campaign, and appropriate the revenues to the several necessary services, all subsequent and unexpected demands are extremely inconvenient and disagreeable, as they cannot be answered without difficulty, occasion much embarrassment, and are sometimes impracticable. If therefore, the congress have

not on this occasion obtained all they wished, they will impute it to the right cause, and not suppose a want of good will in our friends, who indeed are such, most firmly and sincerely. The whole supply for the current year now amounts to twenty millions, but out of this are to be paid your usual drafts for interest money, those in favor of M. Beaumarchais, and those heretofore drawn on Mr. Jay and Mr. Laurens, which I have already either paid or engaged for, with the support of your several ministers, &c. which I mention that the congress may avoid the embarrassing my successor with drafts which perhaps he may not have the means in his hands of honoring.

Besides paying the second year's salaries of Messieurs Adams and Dana, Jay and Carmichael, I have furnished Mr. Dana with £1500 sterling credit on Petersburg, for which place I suppose he is now on his way. You will receive from Holland advices of the late declaration of that court, with regard to the English refusal of its mediation, and of the assistance requested by the States General. I hope Mr. Dana will find it well disposed towards us.

I have received no answer yet to my letters relating to the proposed mode of lodging funds here, by supplying the French fleet and army.

Having as yet heard nothing of colonel Palfrey, and it being now more than four months since he sailed, there is a great reason to fear he may be lost. If that should unhappily be the case, the congress cannot too soon appoint another consul, such an officer being really necessary here. Your minister plenipotentiary has hitherto had all that sort of business upon his hands, and as I do not now speak for myself, I may speak more freely, I think he should be freed from the burden of such affairs, from all concerns in making contracts for furnishing supplies, and from all your bill of exchange business, &c. that he may be more at liberty to attend to the duties of his political functions.

The prisoners in England are encreasing by the late practice of sending our people from New York, and the refusal of the English admiralty to exchange any Americans for

Englishmen not taken by American armed vessels. would mention it for the consideration of congress, whether it may not be well to set apart five or six hundred English prisoners, and refuse them all exchange in America, but for our countrymen now confined in England.

Agreeable to the vote of congress, and your excellency's letter of the 4th January, I have requested the assistance of this court for obtaining the release of Mr. President Laurens it does not yet appear that the thing is practicable. What the present situation is of that unfortunate gentlemen, may be gathered from the enclosed letters.

I hope the Alliance, with the ship Marquis de la Fayette under her convoy, are by this time arrived, as they sailed the twenty-seventh of March. I flatter myself that the supplies of clothing, &c. which they carry, will be found good of the kind and well bought.

I have by several late opportunities, sent copies of the government letters, taken in the New York Packet. Your excellency will see that they are written in the perfect persuasion of our submitting speedily, and that the commissioners are cautioned not to promise too much with regard to the future constitutions to be given us, as many changes of the old may be necessary, &c. One cannot read those letters from the American secretary of state and his under secretary Knox, without a variety of reflections on the state we should necessarily be in, if obliged to make the submission they so fondly hope for, but which I trust in God they will never see.

Their affairs in the East Indies by the late sccounts grow worse and worse. And twenty-two ships of the prey they made in the west, are wrenched out of their jaws by the squadron of M. de la Motte Piquet.

I mentioned in a former letter, my purpose of remaining here for some time after I should be superceded. I mean it with the permission of congress, and on the supposition of no orders being sent me to the contrary, and I hope it will be so understood.

With the greatest respect,

I have the honor to be, &c.
B. FRANKLIN,

To Sir Grey Cooper, Baronet, Secretary to the treasury of Great Britain.

Passy, November 7, 1780.

SIR,

your

I UNDERSTAND that Mr. Laurens an American gentleman, for whom I have a great esteem, is a prisoner in the Tower, and that his health suffers by the closeness and rigour of his confinement. As I do not think that affairs receive any advantage from the harshness of this proceeding, I take the freedom of requesting your kind interposition, to obtain for him such a degree of air and liberty on his parole or otherwise, as may be necessary for his health and comfort. The fortune of war which is daily changing, may possibly put it in my power to do the like good office for some friend of yours, which I shall perform with much pleasure, not only for the sake of humanity, but in respect to the ashes of our former friendship.

With great regard, I have the honor to be, &c.

B. FRANKLIN

SIR,

From Sir Grey Cooper, to Dr. Franklin.

London, November 29, 1780.

I HAVE received the honor of your letter in which you acquainted me, that you understood that the health of Mr. Laurens suffered by the closeness and rigor of his confinement in the Tower, and after complaining of the harshness of this proceeding, you request me to endeavor to obtain for Mr. Laurens, such a degree of air and liberty as may be necessary for his health and comfort. The enclosed letter which I received from the lieutenant governor of the Tower, will shew that I have not been inattentive to your request, and at the same time prove that the intelligence you receive of what passes in this country, is not always what is to be depended on, for its accuracy and correctness. I have the honor to be, &c.

GREY COOPER.