HIGH crimes and misdemeanors. The President, Vice-President,
and all civil officers of the United States, shall be removed
from office on impeachment for, and conviction of, treason,
bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors.

Confined strictly to civil officers, n. 191. Senators are
not civil officers, Id. Treason and bribery defined, Id.
High crimes defined, n. 193. Misdemeanors defined and
distinguished, n. 194. The whole question and prece-
dents considered, n. 194.

HOLTON, SAMUEL, of Mass. Signed Articles of Confederation, p. 21.
HONOR. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend
further than to removal from office, and disqualification to
hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit, under
the United States.

Judgment defined, n. 40. Whether it shall be less,
Id. Punishment touches neither person
n. 40. (See notes 39, 191, 192, 193. 194.)
cannot release the judgment by pardon.
Cl. 1, n. 177.

nor property,
The President
Art. II. Sec. 2,

HOOPER, WILLIAM, of North Carolina. Signed Dec. of Ind. p. 8.
HOPKINS, STEPHEN, of Rhode Island. Signed Dec. of Ind. p. 8.
HOPKINSON, FRANCIS, of New Jersey. Signed Dec. of Ind. p. 7.
HOSMER, TITUS, of Conn. Signed Articles of Confederation, p. 21.
HOUSE. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any

house without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war,
but in a manner to be prescribed by law. Amendments..
His house is his castle, n. 25. The occupant is the owner
for this purpose, Id. Soldier and quarter defined, Id.
HOUSE of Representatives. Congress shall consist of a Senate
and House of Representatives..

Only one house under the Articles of Confederation, Art.
V. p. 10. (See Congress.) Congress defined, n. 15. Wisdom
of the division, n. 15.

HOUSE of Representatives. Members of the House of Represen-
tatives chosen every second year by the people...
House defined, n. 16. The people defined, n. 16. Com-
pared with electors, citizens, &c. notes 16, 17, 18, 21, 93,
220, 274. Interpolations by the Confederate Constitution,
n. 16, p. 59. (See Citizens, notes 220, 274.) How chosen
under the articles of Confederation, Art. V. p. 10.
HOUSE of Representatives, members of the. (See Representa-

tives.)

HOUSE of Representatives. Qualifications of electors of members
of the House of Representatives, the same as for electors
of the most numerous branch of the State legislature
Qualifications defined, n. 16, pp. 59, 60. The qualifica-
tions in each State, alphabetically arranged, n. 17, pp.
60-64. No uniformity of qualifications but in sex and age,
n. 17, p. 65. Citizenship does not give, nor the want of
it take away, the right to vote, n. 18.
HOUSE of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other
officers.

Speaker defined, his eligibility to the Presidency, n. 26.
List of Speakers, n. 26, p. 73.

HOUSE of Representatives shall have sole power of impeachment..
We must look to the common law for the definition of
impeachment, n. 27. Impeachment defined and discussed,
notes 27, 39, 191, 192, 193.

HOUSE. Each, shall be the judge of the elections, returns, and
qualifications of its own members, and a majority shall
constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number
may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to
compel the attendance of absent members in such manner
and under such penalties as that house may provide

Elections defined, n. 44. The returns prima facie
evidence, n. 45. Qualifications defined and discussed, and
the issues between the President and Congress stated,
n. 46, pp. 84, 85, 86.

HOUSE. Each, may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish
its members for disorderly behavior, and, with the con-
currence of two-thirds, expel a member.

The rules, where found, n. 47. The right to punish for
contempts, n. 48. For what a member may be expelled;
and who have been expelled, notes 49, 50.

HOUSE. Each, shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from
time to time publish the same, excepting such parts as
may, in their judgment, require secrecy; and the yeas and
nays of the members of either house, on any question,
shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered
on the journal

The object of this, n. 51.

HOUSE. Neither, during the session of Congress, shall without the
consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days,
nor to any other place than that in which the two houses
shall be sitting

This was to secure independence of the President, n. 52.
HOUSE of Representatives. All bills for raising revenue shall
originate in the House of Representatives, but the Senate
may propose, or concur with, amendments, as on other
bills..

Copied from the English law, n. 64. Revenue defined,
n. 65.
HOUSE of Representatives and Senate. Every bill which shall
have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate
shall, before it become a law, be presented to the President
of the United States; if he approve, he shall sign it, but if
not, he shall return it, with his objections, to that house
in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the ob-
jections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider
it. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of that house
shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with
the objections, to the other house, by which it shall like-
wise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that
house, it shall become a law. But in all such cases the
votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays;
and the names of the persons voting for and against the
bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respect-
ively. If any bill shall not be returned by the President
within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have
been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like
manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress, by their
adjournment, prevent its return, in which case it shall not
be a law...

When bills take effect, n. 66. The returning, negative
or veto defined, n. 67. History of the veto, n. 67, pp. 92, 93.
HOUSE of Representatives and Senate. Every order, resolution, or
vote to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of
Representatives may be necessary (except on a question
of adjournment), shall be presented to the President of the
United States, and, before the same shall take effect, shall
be approved by him; or, being disapproved by him, shall
be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Rep-
resentatives, according to the rules and limitations pre-
scribed in the case of a bill...

When a joint resolution is a law, n. 70. Resolutions
proposing amendments to the Constitution need not be
submitted to the President, notes 236, 275, 284.

HOUSE of Representatives. If no person have a majority (of the
electoral votes as President of the United States), then,
from the persons having the highest numbers, not exceed-
ing three, on the list of those voted for as President, the
House of Representatives shall choose, immediately, by
ballot, the President. But, in choosing the President, the
votes shall be taken by States, the representatives from
each State having one vote: a quorum for this purpose
shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of

the States, and a majority of all the States shall be neces-
sary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives
shall not choose a President, whenever the right of choice
shall devolve upon them, before the 4th day of March next
following, then the Vice-President shall act as President,
as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability
of the President. Amendments...

The old Constitution, n. 168. The contingency of four
candidates and a tie vote met, n. 168, p. 166.

HOUSES. The right of the people to be secure in their houses
against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be
violated. Amendments

The people defined, n. 251. Searches and seizures, when
unreasonable, n. 251. Warrants defined, n. 252.

HOUSES of Congress. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both
houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments

to this Constitution...

What is the Congress, n. 275. All the amendments have
been proposed to the legislatures, n. 236. The history of
the first twelve, n. 244. Of the thirteenth, n. 274. Of the
fourteenth, notes 275-285.

HOUSES of Congress. The President may, on extraordinary occa-
sions, convene both houses of Congress, or either of them.
The exercise of this power, n. 188.

HUNTINGTON, SAMUEL, of Connecticut. Signed Dec. of Ind. p. 7.
Signed Articles of Confederation, p. 21.

HUTSON, RICHARD, of S. C. Signed Articles of Confederation, p. 21.
HYDROMETERS to be procured, n. 102, p. 117.

ILLINOIS. Qualifications for suffrage in, n. 17, p. 60. . Fourteen
representatives in 1860, n. 24. Population during the dif-
ferent decades, n. 24, pp. 69, 70. Assigned to the seventh
judicial circuit, n. 197, p. 192. Admitted into the Union,
n. 230. Ratified the 13th amendment, n. 274; and the 14th,
n. 275.

IMMIGRANTS from Europe, with six years' residence, allowed to
vote in South Carolina, n. 17, p. 64. And in Wisconsin, Id.
IMMIGRATION. The proper term in, Art. I. Sec. 9, cl. 1, n. 139.
IMMUNITIES. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all
privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States.
Citizens defined, and their classification. (See Citizens,
notes 220, 274.) Privileges and immunities defined, n. 221.
Immunities are rights of exemption only, n. 221.
IMPEACHMENT. The House of Representatives shall have the sole
power of impeachment..

How

We look to the common law for the definition of im-
peachment, n. 27. Defined, notes 27, 191. Discussed as
to what are high crimes and misdemeanors, n. 194.
tried, and trials where found, n. 39. Oath of senators on
trial, n. 39, p. 82. Questions to senators, Id. Judgment
in cases of, n. 40. History of, n. 194.

IMPEACHMENT. The Senate of the United States shall have the
sole power to try all impeachments
For the doctrine and precedents, n. 39.

IMPEACHMENT.

..

When sitting to try an impeachment, the Senate
shall be on oath or affirmation...

The oath of the senators, and the question propounded
to them, n. 39.

IMPEACHMENT. When the President is tried, the Chief-Justice
shall preside.

History and failure of the effort to impeach President
Johnson n. 194. Charges against, and law arguments, n. 194.
IMPEACHMENT. No person shall be convicted without the con-
currence of two-thirds of the members present ...
IMPEACHMENT. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not
extend further than removal from office, and disqualifica-
tion to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit,
under the United States..

Judgment defined, n. 40. Whether it can be less than
removal and.disqualification, n. 40. It can be no more, Id.
IMPEACHMENT. But the party convicted shall, nevertheless, be
liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, and pun-
ishment, according to law...
IMPEACHMENT. The President shall have power to grant reprieves
and pardons for offenses against the United States, except
in cases of impeachment.

The power to pardon is unlimited, with this exception,
n. 176, p. 173.

IMPEACHMENT.

All civil officers of the United States shall be
removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction
of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misde-

meanors...

None but civil officers, n. 191. Impeachment defined,
notes 27, 191. For treason and bribery, n. 192. High
crimes defined, n. 193. Misdemeanors defined and distin-
guished from felony, n. 194. No case yet tried rests upon
statutable misdemeanors, n. 194, p. 187. Charges against
President Johnson. Argument of the minority that they
are not crimes or misdemeanors, n. 194, p. 188. Chase's
trial, notes 27, 194. Blount's trial, n. 194. The charges,
Id. Peck and Humphries, n. 194, p. 188. "Good beha-
vior" cannot apply to the President.

IMPEACHMENT. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeach-

ment, shall be by jury

Trial and crimes defined, n. 212.

IMPORTATION. No amendment made prior to 1808 shall affect the
1st and 4th clauses of the 9th section...

IMPORTATION of persons. (Slaves.) The migration or importation of
such persons as any of the States now existing shall think
proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by Congress prior
to the year eighteen hundred and eight, but a tax or duty
may be imposed on such importation not exceeding ten
dollars for each person...

Migration or iinportation defined and discussed. Migra-
tion is voluntary; importation involuntary, n. 139. Im-
migration the proper word, Id.

IMPOSTS. Congress shall have power to lay imposts.

Imposts defined, notes 76, 144.

IMPOSTS. All duties, imposts, and excises, shall be uniform
throughout the United States

Taxes must be by the rules of uniformity or apportion-
ment, notes 22, 81, 144, 145. It here means that the same
duties shall be paid at all the ports.

IMPOSTS. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any
imposts or duties on imports or exports, &c. (See Duties.)
Imposts defined, n. 162.

INABILITY. In case of the inability of the President to discharge
the powers and duties of that office, the same shall de-
volve on the Vice-President; and in case of the inability
of both President and Vice-President, Congress shall by
law declare what officer shall then act as President.

The law of, n. 172, § 8. The President pro tem, to act
as President when; Speaker of the House, n. 172.

INDEPENDENCE. Declaration of, pp. 1-8.

INDEPENDENCE. All who adhered to the cause of, became citizens
of the United States, n. 220, §§ 1, 6. And those who ad-
hered to the independence of Mexico how far, Id.
INDEPENDENT. That these United States are, &c., p. 6. Texas
was before annexation, Pref. p. viii. Its rights, as such, how
far surrendered, Id.

INDIANA. Qualifications for suffrage in, n. 17, p. 61. Eleven
representatives in 1860, n. 24. Population during the dif-

ferent decades, n. 24, pp. 69-71. Assigned to the seventh
judicial circuit, n. 197, p. 192.

Admitted into the Union,

n. 230. Ratified the 13th amendment, n. 274; and the
14th, n. 275.

INDIAN tribes. Congress shall have power to regulate commerce
among the several States, and with the Indian tribes..

The power is absolute, without reference to the locality
of the tribe, n. 91. As long as their tribal relations exist,
n. 91. It extends to prohibiting intercourse with the
Indians and punishing crime in their country, n. 91. Their
ownership of land defined, n. 91. A white man adopted
by the Indians is not an Indian, n. 91. The tribes are not
subject to the internal revenue tax, n. 91, pp. 110, 111. Nor
to the State laws of taxation, n. 91, p. 111, § 1. Commerce
with the Indians is regulated by treaties and intercourse
laws, n. 92, § 2. Not embraced in acts of Congress unless
named, n. 92, § 3. Not foreign States, nor States of the
Union, n. 208. Slaves among them might be apprehended
by the President, n. 257.

INDIANS. Were citizens of Mexico, and thus became citizens of
the United States, n. 220, § 6. Portions of them declared
citizens of the United States by treaty, n. 220, § 11.

INDIANS not taxed, excluded from representative numbers.

Grand

Same provision in the 14th amendment, pp. 50, 279, § 2.
INDICTMENT. No person shall be held to answer for a capital or
otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or in-
dictment of a grand jury, &c. Amendinents..
Presentment and indictment defined, n. 253.
jury defined; regulated by act of Congress, Id. Accusa-
tion means a copy of the presentment or indictment, n.
260. This amendment secures a presentment or indiet-
ment before there can be a jury trial, n. 213.

INDICTMENT. Persons convicted on an impeachment, shall never-
theless be subject to indictment, trial, judgment, and
punishment, according to law..

(See Impeachment.)

INFERIOR Courts. Congress shall have power to create tribunals
inferior to the Supreme Court....

To constitute and tribunals defined, n. 109. This affords
no pretext for abrogating any established law of property,
n. 109. Or overruling State decisions as to, Id.

INFERIOR Courts. The judicial power of the United States shall be
vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts
as Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.
The judges, both of the Supreme and inferior courts, shall
hold their offices during good behavior

Congress may also define the jurisdiction of inferior
courts; Territorial courts are inferior, n. 196. The tenure
is for life or until impeachment, n. 197.

INFERIOR officers. (See Appointment, notes 179-184).
INGERSOLL, JARED, of Penn. Signed this Constitution, pp. 42, 252.
INHABITANT. A representative in Congress shall be an inhabitant
of the State in which he shall be chosen...

Inhabitant defined, n. 20. Of the District of Columbia
does, a foreign minister does not, lose his character of, n. 20.
INHABITANT. A senator in Congress shall be an inhabitant of the
State in which he shall be chosen.

INHABITANT. The electors shall meet in their respective States,
and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one
of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same
State with themselves. Amendments...
INHABITANTS. Treated as citizens under the Articles of Confeder-

ation, Art. IV. p. 10. Of Louisiana, Florida, Texas, Cali-
fornia, and Arizona became citizens, n. 220, § 3, 4, 5.
Corporations are, for the purpose of suits, n. 206. The rela-
tions of the, of the loyal States during the rebellion, notes
117, 215.

INSPECTION laws. No State shall, without the consent of Congress,
lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except
what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspec-
tion laws.

Inspection defined, n. 164. Absolutely necessary de-