Ant. Why, friends, you go to do you know not

what!

Wherein hath Cæsar thus deserved your loves?

Alas! you know not: I must tell you, then.

You have forgot the will I told you of.

20. All. Most true; the will-let's stay, and hear the will!

Ant. Here is the will, and under Cæsar's seal.

To every Roman citizen he gives,

To every several man, seventy-five drachmas.

2 Cit. Most noble Cæsar! We'll revenge his death. O royal Cæsar!

3 Cit.

Ant. Hear me with patience.

All. Peace, ho!

Ant. Moreover, he hath left you all his walks,
His private arbors, and new-planted orchards,

On this side Tiber; he hath left them you,
And to your heirs forever; common pleasures,
To walk abroad, and recreate yourselves.
Here was a Cæsar! When comes such another?

21. 1 Cit. Never, never! Come, away-away! We'll burn his body in the holy place,

And with the brands fire the traitors' houses.

Ant. Now let it work! Mischief, thou art afoot, Take thou what course thou wilt!

William Shakespeare.

FOR PREPARATION.-I. From "Julius Cæsar," Act III., Scene 2; it

follows the specch of Brutus (LVII.).

II. Bur'-y (běr'ry), Çæ'-şar, in-terred', griev'-oŭs, fü'-ner-al, rēa'son (rezn), heirş (arz), pā-tient (-shent), trãi-tors, vil-lains, com-pěl, de-sçěnd, drăch-mas (drăk-).

III. The prefix pro means forward; re or retro, back or backward. Make a list of words with these prefixes.

IV. Ambitious, ransoms, coffers, sterner, Lupercal, refuse, disprove, brutish, reverence, parchment, testament, bequeathing, legacy, inflame, envious, ingratitude, treason, dint of pity, vesture, spectacle, revenged, mutiny, conspirators, recreate.

V. In order to gain the attention and good-will of the people who have just been moved by Brutus, he begins by disclaiming his intention to praise Cæsar. Follow out his thought from this to the end, where he comes out openly and calls Brutus and the rest "traitors": noble Brutus says Cæsar was ambitious; if so, a grievous fault, but grievously answered for. He was my friend, faithful and just to me; however, an honorable man calls him ambitious." ("Honorable" refers to the high tone of Brutus's speech and his "believe me, for mine honor," and "have respect to mine honor," etc.) He proceeds to call attention to the acts of Cæsar: (a) ransoms; (b) wept for the poor (this touches their interest); (c) refused a crown. Why don't you mourn for him? He pauses here to give time for the speech to have its effect. The conversation between the citizens shows how well he has calculated. He proceeds to speak of the greatness of Cæsar and his sudden downfall. Hints that he could stir them to mutiny, but prefers to wrong them and himself rather than the honorable men ("honorable" now begins to be ironical). Cæsar's will would inflame them, but he counsels patience. Hints that they are heirs of Cæsar's property. Consents to read the will. Shows the mantle of Cæsar stabbed by traitors, and particularly by Brutus, and Cæsar loved Brutus. What ingratitude! Antony's modesty: no orator as Brutus is. Reads the will, and lets the mischief work.

LXIV. SANCHO PANZA'S GOVERNMENT.

1. The first case that occurred was a question put by a stranger, in presence of the steward and the rest of the assistants: "My lord," said he, "a certain manor is divided by a large river- I beg your honor will be attentive, for the case is of great consequence and some difficulty.

2. "I say, then, upon this river is a bridge, and at one end of it a gibbet, together with a sort of court-hall, in which four judges usually sit, to execute the law enacted by the lord of the river, bridge, and manor, which runs to this effect: 'Whosoever shall pass over this bridge, must first swear whence he comes and whither he goes; if he swears the truth, he shall be allowed to pass; but if he forswear himself, he shall die upon the gallows, without mercy or respite.'

3. "This law, together with the vigorous penalty, being known, numbers passed, and, as it appeared they swore nothing but the truth, the judges permitted them to pass freely and without control. It happened, however, that one man's oath being taken, he affirmed, and swore by his deposition, that he was going to be hanged on that gibbet, and had no other errand or intention.

4. "The judges, having considered this oath, observed : 'If we allow the man to pass freely, he swore to a lie, and, therefore, ought to be hanged according to law; and if we order him to be hanged, after he hath sworn he was going to be suspended on that gibbet, he will have sworn the truth, and, by the same law, ought to be acquitted. I beg, therefore, to know of your honor, my lord governor, what the judges must do with this man? for hitherto they are doubtful and in suspense; and, having heard of your lordship's acute and elevated understanding, they have sent me to entreat your honor, in their names, to favor them with your opinion in a case of such doubt and intricacy."

5. To this address Sancho replied: "Assuredly, those judges who sent you to me might have spared themselves the trouble; for I am a man that may be said to be rather blunt than acute; nevertheless, repeat the

business so that I may understand it fully, and who knows but I may chance to hit the nail on the head?"

6. The interrogator having repeated his story again and again, Sancho said: "I think I can now explain the case in the twinkling of an eye: and this it is: A man swears he is going to be hanged on such a gibbet; if he actually suffers upon that gibbet he swore the truth, and, by the enacted law, ought to be allowed freely to pass the bridge; but, if he is not hanged, he swore false, and for that reason he ought to suffer upon the gibbet."

7. "The case is exactly as my lord governor conceives it," said the messenger; "and, with respect to the scope and understanding of the matter, there is no further room for doubt or interrogation." "I say, then," replied Sancho, "that part of the man which swore truth ought to be allowed to pass; and that which told a lie ought to be hanged; and, in this manner, the terms or conditions of passing will be literally fulfilled."

8. "But, my lord governor," replied the questioner, "in that case it will be necessary to divide the man into two parts, namely, the false and the true; and, if he is so divided, he must certainly die; therefore, the intent of the law will be frustrated, whereas there is an express necessity for its being accomplished."

9. "Come hither, honest friend," said Sancho; "either I am a blockhead, or this passenger you mention has an equal title to be hanged and to live and pass over the bridge; for, if the truth saves him on one side, his falsehood condemns him equally on the other. Now, this being the case, as it certainly is, I think you must tell the gentlemen who sent you hither, that, as the reasons

for condemning and for acquitting the culprit are equally balanced, they shall let him freely pass; for it is always more laudable to do good than harm; and to this opinion I would subscribe, if I could write my name.

10. "Nor, indeed, have I spoken my own sentiment on this occasion; but I have recollected one among the many precepts I received from my master, Don Quixote, the night before I set out for the government of this island: he said that, when justice was doubtful, I should choose and lean toward mercy; and it pleased God that I should now remember this maxim, which falls so pat to the present purpose."

Cervantes.

FOR PREPARATION.-I. One of the richest parts of that wonderful work of humor, "Don Quixote," is that wherein is related the history of Sancho Panza's government on the island of Barataria. The above extract is from the nineteenth chapter.

II. Măn'-or, gib'-bet, res'-pite (pit), rig'-or-ous, ap-peared', troub'-le (trub'l), in-těr'-ro-ga-tor, něç'-es-sa-ry, gov'-ern-ment, Quix'ote (or Quijote, Kē-hōʻtay).

III. Make a list of twelve words using either circum or peri as prefixes (signifying around, about);—of twelve using the prefix per, or the prefix dia (meaning through), in contradistinction to circum;-of twelve using con or syn (meaning together);—and twelve with contra or anti (meaning against or in opposition to).

IV. Penalty, deposition, scope, literally, intent, frustrated, laudable, sentiment, precepts, maxim, culprit.

V. The question here involved is the old sophism of Eubulides, "The Liar or the Crocodile." "Is the man a liar who says that he tells lies? If he is, then he does not tell lies; and if he does not tell lies, is he a liar? If not, then is not his assertion a lie?" "The crocodile stole a man's child, and, on being asked by the father to return it, promised to do so on condition that the father answered truly the question he was about to ask; otherwise he would keep the child. His question was: 'Shall I return you the child?' If the father says 'Yes,' then the crocodile keeps the child, and the father answers falsely; if 'No,' then the crocodile cannot keep the