"In 1876, aided by an appropriation of $2,500 by the General Assembly, the Association made an exhibit of Ohio Archæology at the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia, which, next to that of the Smithsonian, was the finest exhibit in the Department of American Archæology. Even then, it was noticeable that a large part of the Smithsonian collection was from Ohio, and since then the Smithsonian and Peabody museums have devoted more time and money to Ohio antiquities, probably, than to all the other States combined. Massachusetts people have even gone so far as to purchase lands upon which one of our most noted antiquities is located, the Serpent Mound of Adams County, and have made it an appendage of the Peabody Museum. This, however, they did not do through any mercenary motives, but through fear that by the neglect of Ohio. this wonderful work would be lost to the world, and I understand they are willing at any time to transfer it to our Association upon a sufficient guarantee that it will be preserved in perpetuity, and properly cared for. The price paid for the Serpent Mound, including about seventy acres of ground, was about $3,000, and over $4,000 has since been expended in restoring it to its original condition, beautifying the grounds surrounding it, and making it not only a place of great historical interest, but also of popular resort. This outside appreciation was again manifested at the Anthropological Building, in the Chicago Exposition, in the fact that the larger part of it came from Ohio, and was owned by non-residents.

"The truth is, we are the spoil of all nations, and there are larger collections of Ohio Archæology in Paris, London, or Berlin, than in the State of Ohio. This Society has done something in the way of preserving these treasures for our State, and have done what we could to arouse public attention to the subject, but thus far we have not received that assistance from the General Assembly, or the people at large, as would enable us to stay the out-going tide. Still, with all our limitations, the exhibit of Ohio Archæology, and pioneer and geologic history, made by this Society at Chicago, was unequalled by any other State, and this fact will be fully indicated in our annual report soon to be published. This exhibit, together with the group of statuary in front of the Ohio Building, which was a suggestion of this Association, gave to Ohio a prominence among foreign representatives greater than all other Ohio exhibits combined. In 1885, in view of the fact that the pioneer history of Ohio was rapidly passing away, the Archæological Society was reorganized and enlarged so as to preserve historic as well as prehistoric annals, and is now known and incorporated as the Ohio Archæological and Historical Society. For a century past, no State in the Union has had a larger influence than Ohio upon the life of the nation. Our statesmen and soldiers have been peerless, and in every department of human endeavor, we have been equal, if not superior, to any other State, and it is a shame and disgrace to us that we have done so little to perpetuate the glories of the past. The saying of Burke, the greatest of English orators, 'that he only deserved to be remem

bered by posterity who treasures up the history of his ancestors,' has not received from this generation the attention it should.

"Man shall not live by bread alone,' said the Great Teacher, 'but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God.' So a nation cannot live upon material resources alone. If character is lacking, all else is as sounding brass or a tinkling cymbal.

"By character, I mean, that love of justice, and truth, and righteousness in the hearts and lives of average citizens as to create institutions that men are willing to die for rather than to lose. In short, it is the ideals of a nation that make it great, and ideals are not potential until they are embodied in human lives.

"We are hero worshippers in spite of ourselves, and that nation is the noblest whose heroes are the noblest.

"In this respect, the people of Ohio have reason to thank God and take courage, for no other State in the Union has had a nobler line of public men, in peace and in war, and their achievements have been such as to merit the admiration of all succeeding generations.

"What we ought to do is to preserve the memories of the past as an inspiration to the future. Take the line of our governors, and where is the State that can show an equal number of superior men, and yet a creditable biography of even one of them has not been written, and some of the best are practically unknown to the present generation. Who of this generation ever heard of Jeremiah Morrow, or had any chance to know anything about him until William Henry Smith sketched his career at our Centennial celebration at Marietta, in 1888, and yet, in our American annals, I do not know of a nobler character; and in Ohio history he ought to be what Cincinnatus was to Rome. For forty years he held the highest positions in the gift of the State, and yet he never asked for an office and never asked a man to vote for him. If Governor Morrow had lived in Massachusetts, as he did in Ohio, his statue would be in the Capitol and on Commonwealth Avenue, and his name would be a household word with every school-boy.

"That quality which the French have called esprit de corps, and for which we have no equivalent name, except in a modified form in the word patriotism, does not seem to manifest itself in Ohio as it ought.

The esprit de corps of a regiment is the outgrowth of glorious achievement in battle, and creates a spirit in every soldier in it that makes him prefer death rather than to do anything to dishonor its past record. It makes cowards heroes, and weak men strong. So in a State, glorious achievement ought to enlarge patriotism, and will do so unless the spirit of its people is weakened by luxury, or debauched by demagogues. Is it possible that prosperity has stifled patriotism, and that in the immensity of its resources it has become like Rome in its decadence when it defied its stomach and discarded its brains? It looks that way somewhat, when we remember how little has been done to commemorate its achievements in the past, and this suspicion is deepened when we look to other States.

Take, for example, Wisconsin; one of the youngest of the children of the ordinance of 1787, and yet it has done more to preserve Ohio history than Ohio itself, and its Museum and Library of Archæology and History at Madison is an honor to the nation.

"Men and brethren, is it not time for us to remember that the glory of a State is not in bigness or the glamour of wealth, but in intellect and virtue, as represented by the achievements of its men and women?

"What constitutes a State?

Not high-rais'd battlement or labored mound,
Thick wall or moated gate;

Not cities proud with spires and turrets crowned,
Not bays and broad-armed ports,

Where, laughing at the storm, rich navies ride;
Not starr'd and spangled courts

Where low-browed baseness wafts perfumes to pride.
No, men, high-minded men,

With powers as far above dumb brutes endowed.

Of forest, brake or den,

As beasts excel cold rocks or brambles rude;

Men, who their duties know,

But know their rights, and knowing dare maintain,”

Prevent the long-aimed blow,

And crush the tyrant, while they rend the chain,
These constitute a State.

"At any rate that is the conviction of The Ohio Archæological and Historical Society, and that is why we are here to-night."

That our readers may know something of the personel of the officers of the Society, we quote from a biographical sketch, printed in the annual report of the Society for 1893, the following brief statement concerning the President:

"General R. Brinkerhoff was elected president of the Ohio State Archæological and Historical Society, February 15th, 1893, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Gen. R. B. Hayes, and then, at the annual meeting, February 20th, 1894, was re-elected for the regular

term.

"General Brinkerhoff has been officially connected with the Society in all its stages of development from its organization in 1875, as the State Archæological Association of Ohio, and of which he was the first president. He was also its originator, and in connection with the Rev. S. D. Peet, the well-known writer upon Archæological subjects, then a pastor in Ashtabula, Ohio, issued a call for a meeting of Archæologists at Mansfield, Ohio, on the first day of September, 1875.

"General Brinkerhoff is so well known, and biographical sketches of him have been so often printed, that it does not seem necessary, at this time, to print any extended notice of his career. He was born June 28th, 1828, in the town of Owasco, Cayuga County, New York, and comes of one of the oldest Knickerbocker families of that State. He was educated in the common schools of his locality, and at the neighboring academy, in the City of Auburn, and subsequently at the then famous school at Homer, New York.

At Auburn, among his fellow students, were Roscoe Conkling and Frederick H. Seward.

"He commenced his career as a school teacher, and at nineteen was a private tutor in the family of Andrew Jackson, Jr., at the Hermitage in Tennessee, where he remained three years. In 1850, he entered the Law School at Balston Spa, New York, and subsequently completed his legal education in the law office of his kinsman, the Honorable Jacob Brinkerhoff, at Mansfield, Ohio, where he remained in active practice as a lawyer until the Civil War, 1861.

"He entered the army, in 1861, as First Lieutenant and Quartermaster of the 64th O. V. I., but was soon promoted to the General Staff as Captain and A. Q. M., and during the five years that followed, occupied various important positions, both in the Western and Eastern armies and in Washington City, and was mustered out October 1st, 1866, as full Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General.

"He then returned to his profession, but in 1873, upon the organization of the Mansfield Savings Bank, he became its cashier, and has remained with it ever since, and is now its vice-president.

"General Brinkerhoff has always taken an active interest in politics, although never as an office-seeker or an office-holder, claiming that he could not afford to hold any civil office that took him away from his business occupations.

"As a writer and speaker, General Brinkerhoff has been prominent in all the great contests of his time, and in the early days of tariff reform, he was associated with Prof. A. L. Perry, David A. Wells, and other famous lecturers upon that subject, and spoke in nearly all of the leading cities of the Union.

"During the past sixteen years, however, his time, outside of his business as a banker, has been given mainly to philanthropic work, as a member of the Board of State Charities, on which he is now serving his sixth term, and of which he is chairman.

"In all matters pertaining to our benevolent and penal institutions there is, probably, no man in America better known or more highly regarded than General Brinkerhoff, and his reputation is not only national, but international. He has been president of the National Conference of Charities and Correction, and after the death of General Hayes he became the President of the National Prison Congress, and at its recent annual meeting, at St. Paul, he was unanimously recommended for appointment as the representative of the United States Government, to the International Prison Congress, which meets in Paris, June, 1895.

"In short, for over forty years General Brinkerhoff has been upon the skirmish line of progress, in close association with the foremost thinkers of his time, and in all forward movements he has been an active participant and an efficient worker.

"His faith has always been that every citizen owes to society such service as will help to make conditions better for humanity, and believing also, he has expressed it somewhere, that the only way to get good is to do good."

"General Brinkerhoff is still in the full maturity of his powers, mentally and physically, and we may hope for many years more of useful activity in the fields of effort in which he is interested and prominent.'

Mr. A. A. Graham, of Columbus, Ohio, has served as the Secretary of the Society from the beginning of its organization in March 1885, until within a few weeks, and to him, more than to any other one man, is due the credit of organizing the Society, in promoting its growth and progress, and bringing it to its present influence and prominence. Mr. Graham had many qualifications that especially fitted him for his position, not only in a love for knowledge, a tact in dealing with men, but unbounded energy and enthusiasm in this work. He has at various times visited nearly every town of any prominence in the State, presenting the claims and objects of the Society, soliciting members and obtaining documents and information for the Archives and publications of the Society, and has added much to the Society's history. When many others have flagged in their interest and relinquished their work, Mr. Graham would put forth fresh efforts and with undaunted courage and tenacity push on the work. In December, 1893, after the arduous labor and worry connected with the management of the exhibit made by the Society at the World's Fair in Chicago, the decline of his health, which had been failing for a year or two, obliged him to give up the active duties of the office, and by the advice of his physician, seek at least a temporary home in what it was hoped would be a more beneficial climate. He is now residing with his family at Albuquerque, New Mexico. A few weeks ago he tendered his resignation to the Executive Committee of the Trustees, who regretful at the circumstances causing the action, accepted the same, and Mr. E. O. Randall, of Columbus, Ohio, one of the trustees appointed by Gov. McKinley, and who had been Acting and Associate Secretary since Mr. Graham's departure, was elected to fill the vacancy made by Mr. Graham's resignation.

The trustees of the Society have recently inaugurated a series of monthly public meetings, at which papers were to be read and addresses made upon subjects pertinent to the objects by prominent members and outsiders. On October 1st, the first meeting was held and was addressed by Mr. Warren K. Moorehead, who spoke to a crowded audience of interested listeners, upon the subject of "Moundbuilders" of Ohio. In November, Prof. Wilbur H. Siebert, of the Ohio State University, delivered a very interesting and carefully prepared lecture upon the "Underground Railway," the route and stations, through which the fugitive slaves were passed from the South to Canada. Prof. Siebert has been devoting his attention to this subject for some two years, and has visited various parts of the State gathering valuable information upon this interesting subject. He has in preparation a volume upon this subject, which in due time will appear from the press, and no doubt will be a very interesting and valuable addition to the historical lore of the State.