The ARCHAEOLOGIST PUBLISHED MONTHLY AT WATERLOO, IND., BY That the journal will for the coming year attain a standard of high grade the names printed above are evidently sufficient The publishers, however, wish it to The Archaeologist Pub. 60,, be understood that while they aim to (INCORPORATED.) Warren K. Moorehead, President. L. V. McWhorter, Treasurer. A. C. Gruhlke, Sec'y and Business Mgr. EDITED BY A. F. BERLIN, ALLENTOWN, PA. 19 ENTERED AT THE POSTOFFICE AT WATERLOO, IND., A8 SUBSCRIPTION, ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. De ADVERTISING RATES.-Made known on application. CONTRIBUTIONS are respectfully solicited, and should be mailed direct to the editor. Address all subscriptions, advertisements, and business communications to A. C. GRUHLKE, WATERLOO, IND. EDITORIAL. With this issue The Archeologist appears before you not only enlarged eight pages of excellent reading matter; but clothed in a new and handsomely engraved cover which adds to the magazine an attractive appear ance. Attractiveness, however, is not the main object in the publication of this journal. attract the attention of the expert and specialist, the student and collector, are not to be forgotten. The majority of articles to be published are such as will interest and educate the beginner and make of him a true scientist. For him more than for the expert has the publication of the Archæologist been undertaken, and with the knowledge too that it would be up hill work and devoid of monetary profit. No collector of relics pertaining to pre-historic art, nor student can afford to be without it. The publishers believe that they do not err when they tell their readers that up to the present, Vol. I., which is nearing completion has given satisfaction. This is proven by the fact that subscriptions have been coming in continually. Of the price of subscription nothing need be said. No journal pertaining to the science for which it stands was ever offered cheaper. Therefore, reader, if you like this journal, and the publishers believe you do or you would not have become a subscriber, will you not speak a good word for it to your friends and acquaintances, who too might become interested in archæology, and who, perhaps, are not aware that a journal devoted to this science is being so cheaply published? The readers of a magazine are its best friends, and to these must it be said that it will take but little effort to mention the Archwologist wherever they happen to go. The publishers have exerted themselves still more in having obtained for their readers articles pertaining to archæology which emanate from the minds of writers who stand foremost in the ranks of the science which this publication seeks to elevate. Vol II. will begin with prospects of These authors are Brinton, Abbott, great brightness, and our readers can Maron, Wilson, Mercer, Moorehead, rest assured that everything will be Hough, Fowke, Snyder, Wickersham, done to command satisfaction. Dorsey, Deans, Smith and others. THE EDITOR. The Scope of this Magazine. will have refunded the postage ex [By the President.] With this issue the Archæologist begins to enlarge its size and better its condition. As each successive number is produced, pages, illustrations and special articles will be added. It is the aim of the new management to build up the journal until it shall occupy a foremost position among archæologic publications. To do this necessitates the co-operation of all scientists, collectors, students and persons interested. No journal of this description ever started under more favorable auspices. It has a solid financial backing, its officers are young and energetic: It only devolves upon all those into whose hands this special edition of many thousand copies shall fall, to speak a word to friends, to show this copy to collectors and to subscribe for the Archæologist. Certainly the price for twelve numbers is low. The management is aware that there are but a few thousand persons interested in pre-historic anthropology in this country. It therefore desires to bring together through a common medium, all these people, to make them acquainted with each other and with the authorities in the several branches of our New Science. We call attention to our correspondence department,-all collectors are invited to participate in occupying its col umns. We want you to describe interesting objects of your collection, to tell about the ancient earthworks, villages and mounds of your neighborhood. If all co-operate, it will take but a few months to place the Archæ ologist upon the high plane where its officers long to see it. Therefore, we ask you in all sincerity to help us in this worthy project. We want you to send us the names of all the collectors of your acquaintance --all persons rendering us this favor pended in writing us. In several directions the Archæologist will extend its influence. It shall open its pages to debate upon all questions concerning the life of our aborigines. It shall insist upon the preservation of mounds, earthworks and caches. It shall not discourage collecting, but its influence shall be brought to bear upon those who destroy valuable prehistoric monuments merely for the sake of obtaining relics for sale. It shall endeavor to dissuade ignorant persons and beginning collectors from examining mounds, graves and village sites. The Archæologist will constantly keep on hand the literature of the subject and all interested can gain information upon any subject for but a trifie above the cost of printing, In conclusion the management once more asks you to carefully inspect the November issue, and will thank you for your aid in making this journal a credit to the science, and an aid to every one engrossed in the study of this interesting, singular people,-"The American Race." CORRESPONDENCE. ED. ARCHÆOLOGIST: It may be of interest to your readers to learn that about the mouth of the Animus River, New Mexico, and further up the river near Aztec are the remains of ancient pueblos. The old pueblo near Aztec was originally three stories high and covered about thirteen acres. In several places it is very well preserved and many of the rooms are still intact. We examined some of these rooms. The beams in the ceilings are of Spanish cedar over which a lacing of pinon has been placed. In the adobe bricks inside the rooms the imprints of the builder's fingers are still to be seen. There are that he has just located 22 mounds several large estufas among the ruins. about ten miles south of that city in They were thought for a long time to the Cherokee strip, which I think is be sweat rooms, but later investiga- the first mention of any mounds or tors say they are simply living rooms, other aboriginal remains in that On the site of these ruins we picked country. Mr. Greene's time was someup many stone axes and celts, most of what limited and therefore he opened them being very rude. The plains only two of them. In these were found fragments of pottery, charred human bones, one pipe, one celt, a great many flint arrow points, several spear heads, etc. Mr. Greene will probably continue his researches in that country at an early date, and if he does, we will let you know the result. around this pueblo are literally covered with fragments of pottery, many of the designs being very unique and beautiful. The winds which seem to blow eternally in that country catch up the light sand and deposit it on the ruins. In going over the ground again and again we found many arrow and spear heads. After a shower by I am much pleased with the going down on your hands and knees ARCHÆOLOGIST and wish it unbounded you can find the very small arrow GEO. J. REMSBURG. points. They have been made of flint, jasper, moss agate, etc., and are extremely beautiful, resembling the famous Oregon points. We found a number of stone pestles and grinders. Ruins of such character as we have described are scattered through the San Juan country near the water courses, often the fierce winds of the desert sweep the sands about a ruin until it is hidden from sight. The mounds thus formed are occasionally opened by the people of the neighborhood. success. NOTES AND NEWS. Many readers of the ARCHÆOLOGIST have doubtless noted in the papers the establishment of the great Columbian Museum at Chicago. This Museum will well perpetuate the name of the Fair and its promoters deserve a great deal of credit, they having given this new science such a substantial recommendation. It is proposed to gather The newspapers invariably all the materials which can be added write up discoveries of pueblo or boul- by purchases or donation now on exhider ruins as "Wonderful Aztec City bition at the Fair into the Art Gallery. found" or "A Lost Race." They even There they will remain for a year or go so far as to find statuary, Egyptian so until a permanent museum can be mummies," and so on. As any archæologist knows, this is all trash. It is encouraging that your magazine will discourage sensational reports, and publish truth concerning ancient monuments of the southwest. WM. W. RALSTON. ATCHISON, KAN., Sept. 22, 93. ED. ARCHEOLOGIST: constructed. This museum will have five great departments. Geology, Zoology, Botany, Mineralogy, and Anthropology. Each department will have some person high in authority as its chief. The management of this journal wishes the enterprise, and those of our friends and acquaintances who are to be connected with it great success. My friend, Mr. Roy F. Greene, of Those who have taken objects to Arkansas City, Kan., who is much in- Department "M" at the Fair have terested in archæology writes to me been bitterly disappointed with refer ence to purchasers. While the management of this paper discourages the promiscuous dealing in specimens from the mounds, graves, village sites and ruins, it recognizes that many men of moderate means who have given their lives to the study of the American Savages, can only hope to get back in part the money which they have expended through the sale of their collections. A good many people, as Mr. Berlin well said in his October Editorial, will make sport of this and say that no scientific man should buy or sell Archæologic objects. This is all bosh. The Smithsonian, Peabody Museum. Department "M" and many worthy city museums have bought collections at their expense and scientists must sell at some time or other or fail financially. We are not in favor of a man living from hand to mouth as many wretched professional men do. because of false pride and wrong notions concerning the financial value of Archæologie material. One MUST recognize that it takes money to do any kind of work and that while a man in this science is giving his labor largely for the love of the cause, yet if he has not the "wherewithal" that hardhearted and close-fisted business men recognize, he cannot hope to accomplish any results. Apropos of what has been said it is quite discouraging that several grand collections from various parts of the world have found no purchasers. Any one could split up a collection and sell it out to Tom, Dick and Harry. But when this is done the cabinet loses its interest and importance. Possibly the Columbian Museum will afford an opportunity for those who have spent considerable money to reimburse themselves. But sale. Such high and dignified institutions as the Columbian Museum, the Peabody and the Smithsonian have set their faces strong against the destruction of monuments, the digging of relies by incompetent collectors simply for the sake of personal gain. It is At no time in the history of this we have it direct from those in author- Moki Indian Sand-Painting. Two specimens of the Moki Indians' sand-painting, copied accurately from the originals, have been placed on exhibition at the National Museum in Washington. Perhaps they might better be called mosaics, being done in sand of six different colors on a flat, horizontal surface. The colors are yellow, green, white, black, and a mixture. Such pictures are made by Moki priests and priestesses on the floors of their subterranean chambers. The six colors stand for the cardinal points. Yellow is the north, green is the west, red is the south, white is the east, black is the region above, and all colors signify the region below. It is said that the finest collection of wampum belts in New York is owned by Mrs. Harriet Maxwell Converse, who is the first white woman ever made a chief by the Seneca Indians living in that state. T. B. Fairchild recently unearthed at Ansonia, Connecticut, a number of Indian relics. In the lot is a stone hammer of peculiar form, specimens of ornamented pottery, arrow points of jasper and quartz, and the bowl of an ancient spoon. Mrs. Zelia Nuttall has at last solved the enigma of the Mexican calendar, which Von Humboldt and many other One of the two sand paintings is a great scientists have worked over in copy of the kind of picture made for vain. Years of work bad trained her the annual ceremonial of the Moki mind to the task of unraveling this women's festival to the Germ God, mystery of the calendar stone. Her which takes place in September. The conclusions have been accepted as work of art is executed during the final by the archæologists and astronoprogress of the secret rites. It repre- mers, and she will soon publish an sents two figures in an elaborate frame elaborate work on the subject. of different colors. On the left is a likeness of La-kone-ma-na, the patroness of the affair. She is elad in a white blanket. On the right is the portrait of one of the twin gods of war, who carries a zigzag of lightning in his hands. The Khedive of Egypt has presented to the new American Consul General Frederick C. Penfield, five enormous cases filled with antiquities of great value which have been dispatched to the Smithsonian Institution at Washington. Among the contents of the cases are six or seven elaborately inscribed sarcophagi of wood, a choice example of Saracenic art, and a box which contained when found at The other picture is a fac-simile of the one made by the chief of the Fraternity of Antelopes at the festival of the snake dance. It is highly conventional in its character. Rain clouds are represented by semicircles. Paral- Thebes, the mummy of a once interel lines show the rain falling. Four odd-looking zigzag figures stand for the lightning snakes, which are respectively red, green, white and yellow. The green and white snakes are female, and the yellow and red snakes are male. Around this sand mosaic are performed the weird rites of the antelope priests, who sing songs embodying the mythological drama of the Snake Hero. esting personage, for the papyrus record proclaims her to have been the "great lady of Ashron, the musician with the hand for Maut," and the great singer of the retinue of Ammon Ra, king of the gods. The head of this wonderful coffin bears a representation of a solar disk in the arms of the goddess of heaven. A smaller or inner coffin portrays the deceased in the presence of Osiris, prince af etern |