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and persevered in so arguing, after repeated corrections. I said no such thing. I know and respect the perfect independence of each department, acting within its proper sphere, of other departments. But I referred to the majorities in the two Houses of Congress as further and strong evidence of the opinion of the people of the United States in favour of the establishment of a Bank of the United States. And I contended that, according to the doctrine of instructions which prevailed in Virginia, and of which the President is a disciple, and, in pursuance of the example already cited, he ought not to have rejected the Bill.

"I have heard that, on his arrival at the seat of the General Government, to enter upon the duties of the office of Vice-President, in March last, when interrogated how far he meant to conform, in his new station, to certain peculiar opinions which were held in Virginia, he made this patriotic and noble reply :-' I am Vice-President of the United States, and not of the State of Virginia; and I shall be governed by the wishes and opinions of my Constituents.' When I heard of this encou

raging and satisfactory reply, believing, as I most religiously do, that a large majority of the people of the United States are in favour of a National Bank, (and gentlemen may shut their eyes to the fact, deny, or dispute, or reason it away as they please, but it is my conscientious conviction that two thirds, if not more, of the people of the United States, desire such an institution), I thought I beheld a sure and certain guaranty for the fulfilment of the wishes of the people of the United States. I thought it impossible, that the wants and wishes of a great people, who had bestowed such unbounded and generous confidence, and conferred on him such exalted honours, should be disregarded and disappointed. It did not enter into my imagination to conceive, that one, who had shown so much deference and respect to the presumed sentiments of a single State, should display less toward the sentiments of the whole nation.

"I hope, Mr. President, that, in performing the painful duty which had devolved on me, I have not transcended the limits of legitimate debate. I repeat, in all truth and sincerity, the assurance to

the Senate and the country, that nothing but a stern, reluctant, and indispensible sense of honour and of duty could have forced from me the response which I have made to the President's objections. But, instead of yielding without restraint to the feelings of disappointment and mortification excited by the perusal of his message, I have anxiously endeavoured to temper the notice of it, which I have been compelled to take, by the respect due to the office of Chief Magistrate, and by the personal regard and esteem which I have ever entertained for its present incumbent."

TT

THE RIGHT REV. JOHN HUGHES, D.D.

CATHOLIC BISHOP OF THE DIOCESE OF NEW YORK.

"Be just, and fear not;

Let all the ends thou aim'st at be thy Country's,
Thy God's, and Truth's."

THE Bishop is the historical man of his day. He assumes his position among the Statesmen of America, not as an active politician, but as the Representative, Priest, Controller and Guardian of a powerful body now incorporated in the Democracy of the Republic; I allude to the Roman Catholics, both native and foreign. It is a high and responsible capacity. His power over his people is without limit; and they revere alike his person and his office; they behold him Supreme in wisdom and in virtue; his wisdom devoted incessantly to their earthly and their heavenly weal; while in the exercises of his Virtue are displayed, for their instruction, the exalted Faith,

and holy Hope, and Christian Charity becoming him who is at once the example of their lives, and the Pastor of their souls.

The Bishop is the greatest temporal Prince in America, and he is the greatest spiritual Prince in the world. And his reign is more immutable than that of Kings and Presidents, because it is not merely an earthly, but a heavenly bond that unites him to his flock;-Kings rule by inheritance, and Presidents by election; but this man rules alone through the mighty influences of Religion. And marvellous are its effects, not only upon the people committed to his charge, but on those also whose religious and political prejudices have been and are arrayed against them. The discipline of the Catholic Church, fortified by experience, sanctioned by time, justified by its results, does even now exert its guardian influences upon the moral character of the American people. As education proceeds in its glorious mission, this long persecuted, much enduring faith, is gradually restored to its honours and to its privileges of usefulness. The dearest and warmest friends of the Republic look with fear and trembling on her sectional

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