Abbildungen der Seite
PDF
EPUB

The gorgeous fabric totters to the ground, Lo! here the end of all thy vaunting pride! And all its glory is a thrice-told tale.

The good seed crushed, the tares have grown
apace;

The gates of Hell and Death are opened wide;
Wrath is gone forth, and past the hour of

one of our poets whom the English know or | Nor blameless life, nor beauty's charms avail : care about. The conversation became gen- Weighed in the balance, all are wanting eral, and soon after it was necessary to found; leave, lest the safety of the nation should be endangered by overstepping the fixed limits of a morning call. Later, I learned that Miss Ingelow was extremely conservative, and was very indignant when a petition for woman's right to vote was offered for her signature. A rampant Radical told me this, and shook her handsome head pathetically over Jean's narrowness; but when I heard that once a week several poor souls dined comfortably in the pleasant home of the poetess, I forgave her conservatism, and regretted that an unconquerable aversion to dinner parties made me decline her invitation. M. L. Alcott in the "Queen."

[ocr errors]

grace:

Time's fiery baptism ends what this begins,
And France still bears the weight of that day's

sins.

Sunday Magazine.

E. H. P.

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors]
[blocks in formation]

Gulliver's Travels. By Jonathan Swift. A new edition. Carefully edited by a Clergyman. - Pope's Poetical Works. With Life and Notes by the Rev. J. Lupton. (Tegg.)These two volumes are decidedly handy, and suit the eye as well as the pocket. The notes to the edition of Pope are concise, but to the point. Gulliver is purged of "those gross indelicacies which in many places disfigure' his travels,' and the work is presented in such a state that it may with confidence be submitted even to the perusal of children." This of course is the meaning of "carefully edited by a Clergyman," though if the clerical status of the editor be a guarantee, the Decanal dignity of the author ought to have rendered such care superfluous. Spectator.

No. 1206. Fourth Series, No. 67. 13 July, 1867.

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small]

POETRY: Culinary Couplets, 66. Undergraduate Orioles, 66. Drifting, 125.

100

110

116

118

119

121.

123

126

SHORT ARTICLES: History of Rationalism, 82. Coal and Pyramids, 82. Faith's Work perfected, 125. Swedenborg's Religious Madness, 128.

NEW BOOKS.

GENERAL JOHN SULLIVAN. A Vindication of his Character as a Soldier and a Patriot. By Thomas C. Amory, Esq., of Boston. [This is another answer to Mr. Bancroft's 9th volume, the refutation of which is taken in hand by the grandsons. It appears in connection with "The Historical Magazine," No. 12, Vol. 10.]

THE ADVERTISER'S HAND BOOK; Containing a Complete List of the Religious, Agricultural, and Literary Publications in the United States and British Provinces. Also a complete list of New England newspapers. This is a very pretty little volume, published by T. C. Evans, Boston, and will be sent, postage free, by him, in return for 20 cents.]

Preparing for Publication at this Office —

OLD SIR DOUGLAS. By the Hon. Mrs. Norton.
BROWNLOWS. By Mrs. Oliphant.

THE BRAMLEIGHS, OF BISHOP'S FOLLY. By Charles Lever.
TENANTS OF MALORY. By J. S. Le Fanu.

PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY BY

LITTELL & GAY,

GAY, BOSTO N.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.

FOR EIGHT DOLLARS, remitted directly to the Publishers, the Living Age will be punctually forwarded for a year, free of postage. But we do not prepay postage on less than a year; nor where we have to pay a commission for forwarding the money.

Price of the First Series, in Cloth, 36 volumes, 90 dollars.

Second
Third

The Complete work

[ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small]

Any Volume Bound, 3 dollars; Unbound, 2 dollars. The sets, or volumes, will be sent at the expense the publishers.

[ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]

Close at their side the watchful mother,
Quietly sober in dress and song,

Buy stall-fed pigeons. When you've got them, Chooses her place and asks no other,
The way to cook them is to pot them.

[blocks in formation]

Flying and gleaning all day long.

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small]

From the Contemporary Review.

THE CONFESSIONS OF SAINT AUGUSTINE. THERE are few books in the world which present attractions to so many different classes of readers as the Confessions of Augustine. In this more fully than in any other among his voluminous productions is reflected that mixture of passion and gentleness, of authority and sympathy, of largeness of mind and logical rigour," which has given him such rare influence in the Christian Church. The man of letters finds

the field of the Church- which may be triumphantly quoted by the Roman Catholic controversialist. Yet he will discover also abundant indications of a theological system, to which, as a whole, he may apply that which Gibbon has shrewdly observed of one portion of it—namely, that "it has been received with public applause and secret reluctance by the Latin Church."* Still more may he trace the consistent lines of a method, of which it is no exaggeration to say that with its lofty reverence for human reason and its deferential appeals to in it the very first specimen of those revela- Holy Scripture, it is anti-Roman in its very tions of an inner life, utterly unknown to this delightful volume are we to forget those substance. Nor among the readers of classical antiquity, which have an especial whose approbation its author most valued, charm for the modern spirit. He recognises the men who give it a place among the in it a style, unquestionably clouded by the books which they read before or after they false and affected rhetoric of a declining have knelt in their Saviour's presence, who civilization, yet rising at times into flights feel in it, across the gulf of years, the very which human oratory has never surpassed, heart-pulse of its saintly author's religious whose contorted antitheses are more than affections, who bless him for wise warnings atoned for by touches of irresistible tenderand undying hopes. We may, I think, go ness, and by those occasional utterances even further than this. It is true of Auguswhich become lodged in the memory of the tine's Confessions more than of most uninhuman race, those one or two words engrav-spired books, ea est qua crescit cum parvulis; it en by the hand of genius upon the rock, which are better than a thousand written upon the sand. The psychologist who turns over the pages feels, perhaps, at first, some impatient contempt of the sighs and prayers which interrupt a scientific discussion. But he is startled by some subtle piece of mental analysis, by speculations on Creation, Time, Eternity, Memory, which seem to anticipate not only Reid and Jouffroy, but even Kant and Descartes. The preacher who understands his art may find in the Confessions, not, indeed, ready-made weapons for the nineteenth century, but materials which may be forged into weapons that will reach the soul of every man in every age The greatest sacred orators have seldom appeared more original than when they were borrowing judiciously from the Confessions The theologian of our own Church will discover in the book occasionally expressions and occasionally something more than expressions some of the unguarded rhetoric which was frozen into logic by succeeding generations, some of the tares that already began to grow rankly in

[ocr errors]

grows with our growth. Each age of human life finds in it a peculiar line of attraction. In youth it charms us by its delineation of passion, by those living sentences which vibrate as we touch them, and of which, as Montaigne has said, we feel that psychology seems hopelessly obscure, its if they were cut they would bleed. But its metaphysics hopelessly mystic, the whole mass of the composition destitute of those notches and marks for analytic measurement which are exacted by a student trained in our modern schools. Yet after we have not only studied other men's thought, but suffered, and doubted, there are rays which thought ourselves; after we have felt, and open up an avenue of light into the very heart of that which once appeared to us but a silver mist, and the intellect perceives substance where it suspected nothing but confusion. We may even say that these

*E.g. the invention of the bodies of Protasius and Gervasius, x. 7, and the request for prayer for Patricius and Monica, ix. 13.

† Chapter xxxiii,

Cardinal Perrone may have had the system and method of Augustine in view, rather than particu lar "texts," when he said, "Ötez à ceux de la reli*M. Guizot, in his admirable rationale of the Pegion cet Autheur, ils sont défaits, et n'ont plus rien." lagian Controversy. Histoire de la Civilisation, i.

180-189.

1 may instance the use made by Massillon in his sermon, Délai de la Conversion, of the passage:Retinebant nugæ nugarum. et subcutiebant vestem meam carneam, et submurmurabant: dimittisne nos? et a momento isto non erimus tecum ultra in æternum? et a momento isto non tibi licebit hoc et illud ultra in æternum?-Confess., viii. 11.

Perroniana, p. 100. An amusing passage follows, from which it appears that it was the habit of French preachers to speak of Monseigneur Saint Paul as in the first chapter, "De la Prognostication Pantagrueline." The other saints of the Roman calendar they treated only to Monsieur and Madame. "Monsieur d'O. said that those who in preaching talked of Monsieur Saint Augustine only proved that they were not familiar with that saint."

Confessions have been almost equally appreciated by dogmatism and free thought, by Christians and sceptics-by the latter, for the marks which they bear of having come from an age of doubt and distraction; by the former, for the passionate self-surrender from the days of the voice in the garden and the baptism at Milan. Those who dislike the journey love Augustine for his inimitable appreciation of the rest to which it brought him. Those who look upon the rest as a delusion are ready to proclaim that the journey was never traversed with a freer step, or described by a more opulent pencil.

No stronger evidence of the truth of these remarks can be adduced than the various points of view from which the Confessions have been studied in France within the last fifteen or twenty years. Besides a new translation by M. Janet, they have been handled by Villemain, as a historian; by Saint-Marc Girardin, as a man of letters; by Nourrisson, as a psychologist; by Gratry, Flottes, and Pressensée, as philosophical theologians. More than once eminent lawyers among ourselves, like Sir Joseph Napier, have devoted their leisure to the severe relaxation of writing discussions upon Bishop Butler. A distinguished French advocate, M. Desjardines, has produced a careful analysis of the Confessions as the fruit of one of his summer recesses. By none, however, has the Bishop of Hippo's immortal book been used more freely, or after a more singular fashion, than by a French philosopher who died last year, M. Saisset. Himself a Deist, but enthusiastically devoted to the spiritual school of philosophy, and clinging intensely to those preambles of the faith God, Immortality, Providence, and Prayer-in which it eemed to him possible for a philosopher to intrench himself securely in a safe but limited dogmatism, he produced a work, in some respects of great merit, upon the Philosophy of Religion, with special reference to the Personality of God. The portion of this discussion which sounds the most original is really the least valuable. It contains an argument for the quasi-eternity and quasi-infinity of Creation, intended to meet the objection of those Pantheistic philosophers who treat the Christian and Theistic dogma of Creation as if it attributed change and caprice to God. This theory of the quasieternity of Creation is certainly borrowed from an Alexandrian speculation, which has been handled with some gentleness by Augustine. * M. Saisset scaffolds the whole

* Sed quid placuit Deo æterno tunc facere cœlum

structure of his theory upon a doctrine of Time, which he has learned from the Confessions. It is singular to see a work upon the philosophy of religion based upon Plato and Augustine, put forth by one who, however he may have used Christian language, and hung with sad and regretful love about the outskirts of the City of God, must unhappily be classed as a philosophical Deist. †

Since the rise of the Church movement in England, the Confessions have been a good deal read among ourselves, but chiefly, doctrinally or theologically. I have not myself met with much in print upon the subject which could serve as an introduction to the treatise for the use of the general reader. ‡ It is not my intention to produce any regular analysis of a book which so little admits of that kind of handling. The success of some able French writers would certainly not encourage one to make the attempt. Dr. Newman has somewhere laughed at the late learned Bishop Kaye's arrangement of the thoughts of Augustine's fervid countryman, Tertullian, in the framework of the Thirty-nine Articles. What shall we say of torturing the Confessions into the pigeon-hole of some division of philosophy, or classification of the human faculties, received from the Scotch School of Mental Philosophy into the French Normal School? I shall merely try to present the Confessions from some general points of view which may et terram quæ antea non fecit? Qui hoc dicunt, [sc. the Epicurean materialists] si mundum æter num sine ullo initio, et ideo nec a Deo factum videri volunt, nonne aversi sunt a veritate, et letali morbo impietatis insaniunt? Qui autem a Deo factum fatentur [sc. the Alexandrine school] non tamen eum ut modo quodam vix intelligibili semper sit factus, volunt temporis habere, sed suæ creationis initium, dicunt quidem aliquid; unde sibi Deum videntur ve lut a fortuita temeritate defendere, ne subito illi venisse credatur in mentem quod nunquam antea venisset, et accidisse illi voluntatem novam, cum in nullo sit omnino mutabilis, sed nec video quomodo eis potest in ceteris rebus ista ratio subsistere.” —

De Civ. Dei, xi. 4.

*Confess. xi. 24, seq. De Civ. Dei, xi. 6, ad init. xii. 25, ad fin. Saisset Modern Pantheism (English "Citè de Dieu," Introd. i. pp. translation), ii. 123.

lxxxv.-cii.

The natural alliance between high and low philosophical, and high and low Christian, doctrine, has been remarked by Coleridge and Leibnitz. "I cannot doubt that the difference of my metaphysical notions from those of Unitarians in general contributed even as, according to his own confession, the books to my re-conversion to the whole truth in Christ; of certain Platonic philosophers commenced the rescue of St. Augustine's faith from the same error, aggravated by the far darker accompaniment of the Manichean heresy."- Coleridge "Biog. Lit., "i. 200, 201. " Inclinâsse eum (Locke) ad Socinianos, quorum paupertina semper fuit de Deo et mente philosophia."- Leibnitz, Epist. ad Biesling.

I do not wish to be ungrateful for Dr. Pusey's excellent edition of the Confessions in the Bibliotheca Patrum, with its well-selected parallel passages.

« ZurückWeiter »