doing good, for perceiving at once that young Kane, if he received the necessary instructions, would eventually become a great genius in the art of painting, he forthwith enrolled him as one of his pupils, and from that day Kane's fortunes were fixed. In 1836, on the completion of his studies, or on mastering all that Mr. Drury could undertake to impart to him, Mr. Kane visited the United States, and lived in many places. For some time he endured great hardships, and fell into many scrapes, consequent on his pecuniary distress. On one occasion, on board a steamboat, he had to take the skipper's portrait to pay for his fare; nevertheless, he managed to live, exercising his profession and acquiring still more knowledge of the art. In 1840, by dint of great industry and untiring zeal, he had amassed a sum sufficient to carry him to the old world, there to complete his studies in the celebrated academies of Rome, Genoa, Naples, Florence, Venice, and Bologna. All these places he visited, and in each, studied for a time; living in humble lodgings and content with humble fare; doing his utmost to learn as much as possible. He went through the whole course of his studies with unflagging industry and perseverance, and travelled over a great portion of the continent of Europe, without one friend to help him, his only resource being in his own talents. He triumphed over everything with his extraordinary good fortune and indomitable zeal, and finally returned safe to his native city, in the spring of the year 1845, after nearly nine years' absence.

After some necessary repose from his great labors, Mr. Kane had now to think how he should turn his acquirements to account, and at length formed the patriotic determination to enter the great north-west territory, bordering on Canada, and to delineate the habits, customs and physical peculiarities of the aborigines of his native land, and of the wild scenery of the far north. In this determination he was eminently successful, having twice entered the Hudson's Bay territory and travelled nearly everywhere over that vast country, thousands of miles were accomplished by land and the great rivers, with nothing to propel him and his comrades on the latter but the wooden paddle, and on the former the Indian snow-shoe. We could not do justice to the subject were we to attempt to describe the peregrinations of Mr. Kane; his able and excellent work will furnish all that; suffice it to say, that he travelled the whole extent of the continent, and effected the purpose for which he set out; namely, to give a true and accurate panorama of pictures of real Indian life. He again returned to Toronto, on the 9th of December, 1848, and brought with him one of the largest collections of aboriginal curiosities ever made on the continent, together with nearly four hundred sketches, illustrative of the manners, customs and physical peculiarities of about sixty different tribes of Indians. From these he commenced painting a series of elaborate and magnificent oil pictures, which are the

delight and boast of all those who have had the good fortune to possess or see them. In fact, by these pictures, Mr. Kane has established a world-wide reputation as a portrait and scenic artist; and may any day compete with the artists of the old world. He is, however, well known by his book, which he published in 1859, "Wanderings of an Artist," &c., Longman & Co., London. This work created a considerable sensation, and was dedicated to the Honorable W. B. Allan, of Toronto, that gentleman having, it is understood, after Mr. Kane's return from the north-west, greatly befriended and patronized him.

COLONEL BALDWIN.

COLONEL BALDWIN, long a resident of Canada West, was born at Clohina, in the county of Cork, Ireland, the residence of his father, James Baldwin, Esquire. He was a brother of the late Dr. Baldwin, an eminent physician of Cork, which city he represented in the Imperial Parliament. He was also a first cousin of the late celebrated Daniel O'Connell, and a nephew of the gallant General Count O'Connell, of the French service. Colonel Baldwin was one of the Peninsula heroes, whose career is now a matter of history. He first entered the service of his country in the navy at the early age of fourteen years. He was obliged by ill health to leave that service, but desirous of a military career, he entered the army at sixteen, in the 87th Regiment, from which he exchanged into the 83rd, and afterwards into the 50th, in which regiment he obtained his company, after passing his examination with honors at the military college of Farnham. While with these regiments in the Peninsula, he was present at the battles of Talavera, Busaco, Fuentes D'Onor, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria, Neiva, Nevelle, Orthes, and Toulouse, for all which he possessed a medal and ten clasps. At Talavera he was wounded in the head; at Badajoz, leading the stormers, he was twice thrown from the scaling ladders, and at Fuentes D'Onor he received a ball through the arm, for which wounds he obtained a pension. Colonel Baldwin was a good classical scholar, and in a conversation amongst officers, in which General Picton took part, the general used a classical quotation which Colonel, (then Lieutenant) Baldwin answered in the same language. This so gratified the general that he appointed him on his staff, and ever afterwards entertained the

most friendly feelings for him. He served in the 50th Regiment, when he acted as brigade-major, in Jamaica, and in other parts of the West Indies; but to his active disposition the mere rou.ine of garrison duty became irksome, and he retired on half-pay. On visiting his native country he was induced by Colonel Cotter, then recruiting for the Brazilian service, to raise a regiment which he did at Cork, and entered into the service of the emperor of Brazil. This service, however, from the mismanagement of the government, and the ill-treatment of his men, disgusted him; and the government ordering the regiment to the interior as settlers, he resisted at the request of the men, and finally obtained their discharge and shipment home. The Brazilian government tendered him pay for his services, which, under the circumstances, he refused.

About 1828, he came to Canada, and after some time spent near the then town of York, he went to Peterborough, where he held property, and is remembered with the highest respect and esteem. He afterwards removed to the Gore of Toronto, then a wilderness, where he continued to reside until a short time before his death.

In the troubles of 1837 and 1838, Colonel Baldwin again made his services available to his country, and raised a regiment of militia, for the defence of the frontier. As a civilian he was a magistrate, and in that capacity earned the respect of his neighbors. He was fearless, honorable and impartial, and never during the long continuance of the high trust, to his death, did he condescend to receive fees, being in all the actions of his public life suns peur et sans reproche. He was a politician of the moderate reform party, and made many sacrifices for it. He was a strong supporter of his namesake, the late Honorable Robert Baldwin, be ween whose family and that of the colonel, there is some remote connection. Like many others, the colonel was overlooked when his party came into power; and too proud to ask as a favor what the party should have been proud to have the opportunity to offer, be remained in private life, and like Cincinnatus of old, tilled his farm for a living.

His decease took place at Toronto, on the 14th December, 1861. Colonel Baldwin left a family of seven children. His only son is an officer of the 100th Regiment, whose praise as one of the three officers distinguished as "judges of distance" in that regiment, came as a ray of sunshine through the cloud, illuminating his death bed and reviving in him the love of that profession in which he gloried, and connected with which were the reminiscences of his youth and early manhood. By his death the country lost a gallant soldier; society an upright magistrate; his friends a generous, kind, hospitable gentleman, and his connections the dearest and most attractive of relatives in every place. He died a Roman Catholic, and received from that church all the imposing ceremonies in its power to bestow, as a mark of the high respect

and esteem in which he was held; and we do not believe we assume too much in saying, that he was equally respected by every denomination of the citizens of this province acquainted with his character.

S. ZIMMERMAN, Esq.

OUR next notice is of the above celebrated man who was unfortunately killed at the Desjardins canal accident on the Great Western Railway, in 1856. Mr. Zimmerman, at the time of his death, was in the very prime and vigour of manhood-had but just commenced his career in public improvement-was upon the first step in a new and extended sphere of improvement for the benefit of the public. Regarding this man as in every sense worthy of public regard, we have ascertained some facts in his personal history which will not be uninteresting to the general reader. He was born in Huntingdon county, Penn., in the year 1815, and spent his early years in that state. In 1842, he removed to Canada, having no capital but his own energy and farsightedness. He said afterwards to some persons who enquired of him respecting his commencement upon the line of enterprise which he followed so successfully, that his only effects, when he arrived in Canada, were a grey horse and buggy. It might be supposed, as he himself added, that he possessed no more capital than he required for his immediate use. He was then but twenty-seven years of age. He settled at Thorold, Canada West, and his first undertaking was the construction of four locks and an aqueduct on the Welland canal, which involved something like $100,000. Subsequently, he built, under contract, 120 miles of the Great Western Railway, the contract price for which was about $600,000. The building of the first suspension bridge at Niagara Falls, and of the great railroad bridge at the same place, engaged his attention and commanded his resources. He built the Cobourg & Peterborough, the Port Hope and Lindsay, and the Erie and Ontario Railways in Canada. Mr. Zimmerman originated, and completed the preliminary arrangement for building the Great Southern Railway, a new road to the west, nearly parallel with the Great Western, to the south of that line, and on a shorter and better route. This work was to cost some ten millions of dollars. It is doubted whether any man possesses the energy and capacity to successfully assume a work which Providence prevented him from carrying forward.

Not long before his unfortunate death he had purchased a large property at Clifton, Niagara Falls, and in the vicinity of the sus pension bridge, including the fine hotel known as the "Clifton House," and his excellent taste and liberal ideas were illustrated in improving this fine estate, and adorning it artistically. Fifty-two acres on the cliff, directly opposite the American Falls, are enclosed with an iron fence and privet hedge. The topography of these grounds is diversified and picturesque. That part nearest the river is level, and this is laid out in gravelled walks, with shrubbery, forest trees and fountains. Oue fountain was constructed at a cost of $15,000. These groves and shaded promenades are lighted during the summer evenings with gas. The proprietor's residence stands on a bluff some sixty feet high, midway of the ample grounds. In the summer it is nearly hidden by the foliage of the surrounding trees. This dwelling is an unpretending mansion, but had always been the scene of generous hospitality, while occupied by its princely owner. He had perfected the most extended and elaborate plans for the establishment near the same spot of an elegant mansion-house, with the proper accessories and surroundings. The foundations of a building of Cleveland sandstone and Canadian brick, to cost $175,000, were laid in 1855, and the work was to be prosecuted immediately. His lodges, of which there are four, the conservatory, and tenements for his servants, are models of taste. His stables cost $48,000. From the terraces on the grounds and the portico of his dwelling, a splendid view of the American Falls is obtained. The Clifton House is near by -one of the most complete and popular hotels that any watering place can boast. This was owned by Mr. Zimmerman, and was worth over $300,000. At Elgin, on the western side of the river, at the suspension bridge, he formerly owned a large property, which his own liberal expenditure and judicious enterprise had rendered very valuable. This was sold in 1855 to his friends, Messrs. Pierson and Benedict, for $200,000. At Toronto, he owned property valued at $400,000. At Hamilton, an estate worth $100,000. He was owner of the steamer Zimmerman, on lake Ontario, and half owner of the Peerless, (which was recently lost in the great naval expedition to Beaufort,)-his interest in both amounting probably to $100,000. Some 18.000 acres of land, in different parts of Canada, belonged to him. He estimated his property to be worth three millions of dollars.

Mr. Zimmerman was twice married. His first wife was Miss Woodruff, the only daughter of a worthy and influential gentleman at St. Davids, near Niagara Falls. This lady bore him two sons, who are still living. She died in November, 1854. On the 16th December, 1857, he was married to a Miss Dunn, of Three Rivers, Canada East. Mr. Zimmerman was a man of limited education, but he was endowed with sterling mental gifts.