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by the small-pox, has been clearly proved by the table prefented to the Committee of the Houfe of Commons, by Dr. Lettfom himself, in his examination on Dr. Jenner's Petition; and which fo far influenced the Committee as to induce Mr. Banks, the Member who abridged the evidence, to quote nearly Dr. Lettfom's own words, in the preamble of the Report, in the following expreffions.

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As a comparison between this new practice (vaccine inoculation) and the inoculated fmall-pox, forms a principal confideration in the prefent enquiry, fome facts with regard to the latter engaged the attention of your Commmittee, and they have inferted in the Appendix (No. 44), ftatements of the mortality occafioned by the fmall-pox in forty-two years before inoculation was practifed in England, and of the forty-two years from 1741 to 1772; the refult of which appears to be an increase of deaths amounting to seventeen in every 1000, the general average giving feventy-two in every 1000 during the first forty-two years, and eightynine in the forty-two years ending with 1772, fo as to make the whole excefs of deaths in the latter period 1,742."

That the difpute we allude to, was conducted with too much perfonality, will be the cool decifion of the unbiaffed fpectator, although there was an unufual fpecies of candour maintained during the controverfy; as each writer committed his refpective performance to the other in manufcript for correction, prior to publication. It is, however, now proper to bury in oblivion à difpute which the writers themselves had liberally done. A few years before the Baron's decease, Dr. Lettfom, obferving that he was in peace with all mankind, expreffed a defire that the Baron and himself should afford a written evidence of mutual freedom from perfonal animofity; the Baron, however, deemed it not requifite, as he never had entertained any; and fince his decease, feveral reciprocal marks of kindnefs have fupervened between the Doctor and the relatives of the Baron; fo that it may be juftly concluded, that every unfriendly fen. timent, if ever any exifted, is completely eradicated.

The Baron having loft his fecond wife in 1779, who left him feven children, he married, about two years after this event, Elizabeth, daughter of

William Dimfdale, of Bishop's-Stortford, who ftill furvives him.

In 1780 he was elected one of the Reprefentatives in Parliament for Hertford, and was re-elected in the fubfequent Seffion; but in 1790 he declined the honour propofed him, and his fon Baron Nathaniel was chofen to reprefent this Borough.

In 1781 he again vifited Ruffia, to inoculate the prefent Emperor, and his brother Conftantine, fons of the Grand Duke, afterwards Emperor Paul. In paffing through Bruffels, the late Emperor Jofeph, then in that city, received him in private, and wrote in his prefence a letter, which he was to convey to the Empress of Ruffia, his late patient.

In mentioning his first election to Parliament in 1780, it ought to have been noticed, that he retired from medical employment, except gratuitoufly. About this time the fight of one eye began to decline, having before loft that of the other; but after the cataract was in a proper ftate, he was reftored to fight by Baron Wurtzel.

Age, however, was gradually under. mining his conftitution; and on the 30th of December 18co he died at Hertford, in the advanced age of eighty-nine years. His remains were interred in the Quakers' buryingground at Bishop's-Stortford.

As a writer, Baron Dimfdale chiefly diftinguithed himfelf by his performances on inoculation, which evince ftrong, vigorous, and clear mind. Thefe, with his controverfial pieces, are all that appeared under his figna. ture, which are annexed in the order they were published.

"The prefent Method for inocu. lating with the Small Pox.” 8vo. 1766. Sixth edition, 1772.

"Thoughts on general and partial Inoculation." 1776. 8vo. "Obfervations on

Dr. Lettfom's Letter to Sir Robert Barker, Bart. and George Stackpole, Efq. on general Inoculation." 1778. 8vo.

"Remarks on Dr. Lettfom's Letter on general Inoculation." 1779. 8vo.

"A Review of Dr. Lettfom's Ob

fervations on Baron Dimidale's Remarks." 1779. 8vo.

"Tracts on Inoculation," 8vo, printed and liberally distributed in 1781, but not fold,

To make a digreffion here, it is much to be lamented, that the higher

clailics,

claffics, or literature in general, has not been much encouraged by the body of Friends, or Quakers; and their most elaborate writings have been polemical or religious. The celebrated Penn wrote upon Government, and founded that of Pennsylvania; but Penn, as well as Barclay the Apologist, received their education prior to their converfion to Quakerism. Collinfon and Fothergill were, perhaps, the first Quakers, born and educated among this Society, who diftinguished themfelves in fcience (if Chambers, the writer of the great English Dictionary, be excepted). They were both Fellows of the Royal Society; the former, with Sir Hans Sloane, might be confidered as the founders of Natural Hif

tory in England; Dr. Fothergill not only promoted it, with his friend and patient Peter Collinfon, whofe life he afterwards wrote, but he likewife acquired the higheft reputation as a phyfician. The Doctor was a warm advocate for the diffufion of useful and fcientific knowledge, and was the primary agent in the establishment of Ackworth School for the education of the lower claffes of Friends; and earnestly hoped that a feminary would be established for teaching the higher departments of fcience to thofe of more eafy fortune; and thereby realize a fentiment of the pious brother of the Phyfician, that each might unite the character of the Chriftian, the Gentleman, and the Scholar.

SIR,

TO THE EDITOR OF THE EUROPEAN MAGAZINE. From a curious and scarce little volume I have extracted a paffage, relating to the entry of King James the Firft into London, which perhaps is little known, and may be agreeable to many readers. The book is entitled "Strange Hiftories, or Songes and Sonets, of Kings, Princes, Dukes, Lordes, Ladyes, Knights, and Gentlemen. Very pleafant either to be read or fonge; & a moft excellent warning for all eftats. Imprinted at London for W. Barley, &c. 1607." 12mo. It is printed in the black letter, but not paged.

Yours, &c.

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John Scott, the Poet, and Benjamin Weft, the Painter, claim a distinguished place

in their respective pursuits.

APPLE

APPLE-TREES.

ACCOUNT OF THE NEW INSECTS SO PREJUDICIAL TO APPLE-TREES, AND A METHOD OF EXTIRPATING THEM.

WITHIN these few years, an infect before unknown in this country has made its appearance in the Britith orchards, which, if means are not generally taken to root it out, will in a hort period destroy every Apple-Tree in the kingdom. It ex hibits upon the trees a kind of white efflorefcence like what may be fome. times feen on the tones in fields: this feems, however, to be only the habitation of the infects, which exift in millions wherever they have once lodged themselves. On bruifing the efflorescence-like matter between the fingers, a deep red-coloured fluid, like blood, is expreffed, and which probably is of that nature. Already have feveral valuable orchards been much injured by this infect, which corrodes the Apple-Trees in fuch a manner as at laft completely to deftroy their organization, and to kill them without

the proprietors, many of them at leaft, once fufpecting the cause. We hope what we now ftate will be the means of contributing to making the fact generally known, and of inducing every person interested to co-operate in rooting them out. We are happy in having it in our power to give them the receipt of a cheap compofi. tion discovered by William Forsyth, Efq. his Majefty's Gardener at Kenfington, which has been found effectually to answer the purpose; it is as follows: To one hundred gallons of human urine add one bushel of lime; add cow-dung to bring it to the con. fiftence of paint: with this compofition anoint the trees. The prefent is the proper feafon for applying it. If the white efflorefcence-like fubftance in which the infects are lodged has made its appearance, it should previously be brushed off.

WANLIP-HALL, LEICESTERSHIRE.
[WITH AN ENGRAVING.]

THE houfe fhewn upon the annexed
plate is fituated at Wanlip, within
five miles of Leicester, and is the refi-
dence of Sir Charles Grave Hudion,
Bart. and F. R. S. who owns the whole
of the parish, and has alfo confiderable
eftates in feveral adjoining Lordfhips.
This Gentleman ferved the office of
High Sheriff of the County in 1784,
and was created a Baronet June 21,

1791.

Wanlip is a place of great antiquity, as appears by a defcription of Leicesterhire, published by William Burton, Efq. in the year 1622; who ftates, "that in old records it was written Anelep and Onelep; that it is in the hundred of Weft Gofcote, and standeth finely feated upon the River Soar; and that this manor was the ancient inheritance and feat of the family of Welth, in old deeds written Walleis, of which family was Sir Thomas Welth, Knt. to whom King Richard the Second (15 R. 2.) gave liberty of free warren here, who built the church, and dedicated it to St. Nicholas, 1393, 17 R. 2. at which time, Mr. Burton fuppofes, it was made a parochial church, before which it was but a

2

chapel, as is manifeft by the roll of the fifth of Henry the Second. By an heir general it came to the house of Afton, and was, at the publication of Mr. Burton's book, the inheritance of Sir Walter Afton, of Tick fhall, com. Stafford, K. B. and Baronet.

Very foon after 1622, this property was alienated by Sir Walter Alton to William Palmer, Efq. of Staffordshire, in whose family it ftill continues, Sir Charles Grave Hudion having fucceeded to it in right of his wife on the death of Lady Hudfon's brother, the only fon of Henry Palmer, Efq. of Wanlip, who was a defcendant of the faid William Palmer.

Formerly there was an old mansion at Wanlip, of the caftle form, poffeffing confiderable means of defence, as well froin its fituation upon the banks of the river as from the ftrength of its walls: this was taken down by Mr. Palmer about thirty-five years fince, and the prefent houfe erected upon the fite of the old one; to which very confiderable additions and improvements have been made by the present poffeffor.

VESTIGES,

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WANLIP HALL, LEICESTERSHIRE, the Seat of SIR CHARLES GRAVE HUDSON, Bar! Published by J.Sewell, Cornhill May 1-1802.

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