the following statistics were reported of the churches in connection with the "Union: " Number of churches, 2,411; of chapels, 2,642; of members, 221,524, a clear increase of 7,757. Additions to the ministry, 88; 25 new places of worship have been erected at a cost of £33,623, and 31 others enlarged. The "General Baptists," who lean toward the "Unitarians," reported, in 1868, 20,399 members, 537 less than in 1865. The baptisms of 1867 fell short of those of 1862 by 619.

The "Baptist Union," at its meeting held in May, declared in favor of the establishment of an equitable system of national education, with separation of secular and religious instruction, the former only to be controlled by the State. The receipts of the Baptist Missionary Society were £39,912, the largest it ever has had except in the Jubilee year. The number of missionaries and assistants was 58; of native. churches, 105; of members connected with missions, 6,200.

V. BAPTISTS ON THE CONTINENT OF EUROPE. -The Baptist Churches on the Continent of Europe have generally been organized by the American Baptist Missionary Union, and most of them remain in connection with it. According to the last annual report of the Union, the statistics of the Baptist churches on the Continent of Europe were, in December, 1867, as follows:

Outside of Sweden, where the Baptist missions are self-supporting and independent, there are, in the European missions, 1,118 stations, with about 250 ministers and colporteurs; 102 Sunday-schools, with 3,194 scholars. The churches in Sweden form 10 Associations.

VI. ASIA. The missions of the American Baptist Missionary Union in Burmah now constitute a separate Association. The convention of 1867 was attended by 91 members, of whom 15 were American missionaries, 20 native ordained preachers, 38 native unordained preachers, and 18 native laymen. There are 10 districts, with 20 missions. The number of baptisms reported in 1866 and 1867 is 1,172; present number of members, 19,231; pupils in schools, 4,517; of churches, 360; of ordained native preachers, 66; of unordained native preachers, 246. The total of benevolent contributions from 12 missions, for the two years, is 20,187 rupees. The contributions for schools, books, etc., from 6 missions, 5,368 rupees. There have been issued in the year ending

September 30, 1867, from the mission press at Rangoon, a total of 90,750 copies of books and tracts, comprising 5,502,800 pages. The theological seminary at Rangoon has had an average attendance of about 58 pupils, who were supported at a total expense of $1,375.70, or $23.72 each. Two missions (Bassein and Rangoon) are supported in Burmah by the American Free Mission Society. In the Bassein mission there is 1 missionary on duty, with a Karen co-laborer. Members, 5,862; village schools, 43; pupils, 1,173. In the Rangoon mission there are 2 missionaries; nearly 1,000 members have been added in 6 years; 20 new chapels were erected last year. Pupils in the schools, 1,500.

The distinguishing feature of the Assamese mission (Amer. Bapt. Miss. Union) during the past year has been the work among the Garos, where a church of nearly 40 members has sprung up almost in a day. There are two schools, and four Garo assistants are already engaged. There has been issued a total of 547,400 pages of books and tracts from the press of this mission.

The Mission to the Teloogoos (Amer. Bapt. Miss. Union) reports the following statistics: Missionaries, 3, and their wives; native assistants, etc., 9; stations, 6; members, 139, an increase of 93. Local receipts of over 1,200 rupees have been realized at the Nellore station.

In Siam, the Amer. Bapt. Miss. Union supports 1 missionary and wife, and has 1 station. There are 24 members, an increase of 2; 2 missionaries and their wives and 2 female missionaries labor among the Chinese population of Siam. The number of members of this mission is 53; number of baptized during the year, 40.

In China, the Amer. Bapt. Miss. Union has now two missions: the Southern China Mission (late Tie Chin) and Eastern China Mission (late Ningpo Mission). The statistics of the former mission were: Missionaries, 3, and their wives; out-stations, 11; native assistants, 9, 2 of whom have been ordained during the year. The statistics of the latter: Missionaries, 4, and their wives; native assistants, etc., 16; stations and out-stations, 12; preachingplaces, 13; churches, 5; baptized, 30; meinbers, 178; local contributions, $93.49. A new station has been opened at Hang Chau, 100 miles from Ningpo. It has 8 members. Board of Foreign Missions of the Southern Baptist Convention sustains in China 7 American missionaries with several native helpers, at Canton, Shanghai, and Shantung. The mission has 180 members, of whom 39 have been baptized during the year. The Seventh-Day Baptist Missionary Society has a mission church of 20 members, with a native pastor.

The

The mission of the Free-Will Baptists in India has been more than usually successful. There are now some 70 or 80 pupils in the normal schools, over 900 in the boarding and day schools, and about 700 in the Sabbath-schools.

In one of the girls' schools 31 out of 98 have been baptized. Over $168,000 have been expended in the last 36 years, with a result of 4 churches and 149 members.

In Japan there is a mission of the American Free Mission Society. In the spring of 1867, Mr. Goble, the missionary, visited the northern portion of Sikok, the central Japanese island. On the vessel were two Japanese passengers, naval officers of the princes of Awa and Tósa, the latter having been a pupil in Mrs. Goble's school. Through him Mr. Goble became acquainted with several influential Japanese officers, from whom he received a very cordial invitation to visit and locate himself in Tósa, the southern part of Sikok.

VI. AFRICA. The Baptists in Liberia have 20 organized churches, 12 ordained preachers, and 1,300 members. They received assistance, until 1861, from the Southern Baptist Board. The missionary premises of the Board at Yoruba were destroyed by a mob, and the missionaries driven to Lagos. One of the missionaries (Mr. Phillips) returns to America for his health, leaving Mr. Stone alone.

The African mission of the American Union is to be resumed.

A missionary convention was held at Marshall, on the Junk River, in Liberia, on Wednesday, March 25, and Thursday, March 26, 1868. Ten Baptist churches were represented. It was unanimously voted to organize the "Liberian Baptist Missionary Union," for "the evangelization of the heathen" within the borders of the republic of Liberia, "and contiguous thereto." Twelve fields of missionary labor were designated and commended to the care of the nearest churches. Rev. John T. Rich ardson was appointed a commissioner to represent the "Liberian Baptist Missionary Union" in the United States. Two young men were chosen as students of divinity to accompany the commissioner, in order to be educated for the ministry.

BAUGHER, HENRY L., D. D., an American Lutheran clergyman, teacher and college President, born at Abbottstown, Pa., about 1805; died at Gettysburg, Pa., April 14, 1868. He graduated at Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa., in 1825, studied theology at Princeton and Gettysburg, was licensed to preach by the Maryland Synod, and elected pastor at Boonsboro, Md., in 1829 and in 1830 called to Gettysburg to take charge of a classical school, called into existence by the exigencies of the Lutheran Theological Seminary, already established there. The school rapidly expanded into a college, and in 1832 Rev. Dr. Krauth became its first President, while Mr. Baugher filled the chair of the Greek language and BellesLettres. He continued in this professorship until 1850, when, on the retirement of Dr. Krauth from the presidency of the college, he was chosen his successor, and continued in that position until his death. He was an excellent and successful teacher, an able execu

tive officer, uniting courtesy and kindness with strict discipline, a ready and eloquent preacher, and an easy, graceful and accomplished writer. He was a frequent and valued contributor to the Evangelical Review, as well as to the Lutheran papers; but, aside from his contributions to these, his baccalaureate and other addresses, and some occasional sermons and essays, he has left little published matter to demonstrate his rare abilities. His health had been generally robust, and his last illness, an affection of the throat, was of only eight days' duration.

BAVARIA, a kingdom in South Germany. King, Ludwig II., born August 25, 1845; succeeded his father, Maximilian II., on March 10, 1864. Prime minister (since January 1, 1867), Prince Clovis von Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst. Bavaria has an area of 29,373 square miles, and, according to the census of 1867, a population of 4,824,421, which was divided as follows among the eight provinces of the kingdom:

A census of religious denominations, taken in 1852, showed 3,176,333 Catholics, 1,233,894 Protestants, 5,560 other Christians, and 56,033 Israelites. In December, 1867, a new census of religious denominations was taken, but its results had not been published in January, 1869. It was thought that the number of Catholics would amount to about 3,300,000, Protestants 1,320,000, other Christians 6,000, Israelites 64,000. The capital, Munich, had, in 1867, 170,688 inhabitants. The army, according to the law of January 30, 1868, consists, first, of the standing army, and, second, of the landwehr. The standing army is divided into the active army and the reserve. time of service is three years in the active army, three years in the reserve, and five years in the landwehr. The active army consists of 49,949 men. In the budget for one year of the ninth financial period (1868 and 1869), both revenues and expenditures are estimated at 87,144,606 florins. The public debt in April, 1866, amounted to 334,405,150 florins (of which 121,739,300 was railroad debt).

The

Bavaria celebrated, in 1868, the fiftieth anniversary of the constitution, which, with slight modifications, still exists in the country. The king, on this occasion, issued the following proclamation to the people:

PALACE OF BERG, May 26th. Fifty years to-day have elapsed since the first King of Bavaria, my ancestor, Maximilian I., granted a constitution to the country. The principles on which this fundamental law rests have not ceased to

rule, unrestrictedly, the nation, from that memorable

day on which the benefits of the new institutions drew closer and made more cordial the ties which for centuries have united the prince and the people of Bavaria. Faithful to the example of my illustrious ancestors. I also will bear aloft the standard of the constitution; and under its protecting shelter may the prosperity of my beloved country increase and become still more solid, for I find my hignest happiness in that of my people.-Locis.

On May 26th a treaty was concluded between Bavaria and the United States as to the nationality of emigrants. Its stipulations are similar to those of the American treaty upon the same subject with the North-German Confederation. (See GERMANY.)

BAVARIA, LUDWIG, Karl AUGUST (Loris I.), EX-KING OP, born at Munich, August 25, 1786, died at Nice, France, February 29, 1868. He was the son of Maximilian Joseph, King of Bavaria, and was educated at the Universities of Landshut and Göttingen, and served in the campaign against Austria, in 1809. He had a remarkable taste for the fine arts, and paid much more attention to painting and sculpture than to the principles of government. He saved as much as possible from his allowance as crown prince, to invest in works of art, and built at his own cost the magnificent Glyptothek, at Munich. On his accession to the throne after his father's death, October 13, 1825, he speedily became popular from his liberal schemes of government, economic reforms, and his enlightened patronage of letters and art. He opened the first railway in Germany, and promoted the canal which opened water communication between the Main and the Danube. He removed the University of Landshut to Munich, reorganized the Academy of Fine Arts, and erected the Odeon, Basilica, the Royal Palace, the Gate of Victory, and the new Pinacothek at Munich, and the Walhalla at Ratisbon. In the sphere of learning he gave great encouragement to the prosecution of historical studies, and attested his taste for poetry, by the publication of two volumes, of his own composition, one entitled "Poems" (1829), the other "Companions of the Walhalla" (1843). The ultramontane or clerical party, after a time, began to gain the ascendency over him, and the former liberal and constitutional monarch became a reactionist. In 1831 the ultramontanists began to predominate in his councils, and within the next ten years the number of convents was doubled. Behr, Eisenmann, Volkhardt, and other liberals were exiled or imprisoned. In 1846, however, a change was made; the minister Abel and his successor were both dismissed from office, and the King called a Liberal to fill the place. The peers were, however, mostly reactionists. Serious riots ensued in 1848, and the people now began to clamor for reforms, and for a special convocation of the Chambers (the Bavarian Legislature). The King refused both requests, and there were strong indications of a revolution. On the 21st of March the King abdicated in favor of his son Maximilian, protesting in his

farewell proclamation that he had sought the welfare of his people before his own, and that his heart still glowed with affection for Bavaria and Germany. The twenty years which have passed since his abdication have been spent by the King in dignified retirement, in the pursuits of literature and art, and have doubtless been happier than those in which he wore the crown. His contributions from his private income to Catholic institutions in the United States exceed 110,000 florias. More than twenty different institutions, chiefly educa tional, were thus aided by him.

BEACH, MOSES YALE, an American publisher and editor, born in Wallingford, Conn., January 7, 1800; died in the same town, July 19, 1968. In early boyhood he exhibited unusual skill in mechanics, and while attending school, or at home, he was constantly whittling out models of machines, or making curious contrivances of wood. When fourteen years of age he was apprenticed to a cabinetmaker in Hartford, and, by diligence in performing extra tasks, was able to purchase his freedom in his eighteenth year. After being employed as a journeyman in Northampton, Mass., a short time, he went into business for himself, and it was not long before his cabinetwork was reputed to be the best in the country. Yet his business was unsuccessful, and he removed to Springfield, where he neglected other interests, to experiment with a gunpowder engine for propelling balloons. Not succeeding with this invention, he next attempted to open steam navigation on the Connecticut River, between Hartford and Springfield, and would have done so, if the state of his affairs had not obliged him to cease operations before his steamer was completed. Others, for adopting his plan, gained much credit, taking a steamer over Enfield Falls, a feat that had been looked on as impossible. Soon afterward Mr. Beach invented a rag-cutting machine, which has been generally used by paper-mills, yet he received no pecuniary benefit from his machine, because he delayed taking out a patent for it. He next removed to Ulster County, N. Y., where he became interested in an extensive paper-mill, and though amassing a large property in six years, he lost it all during the seventh. This was the last of his reverses. In 1835 he came with his family to New York City, where he bought an interest in The Sun newspaper, and in a short time became its sole proprietor. The wealth which he acquired in publishing this paper made him prominent in banking and other financial operations. Presi dent Polk sent him to Mexico, during the Mexican war, to arrange a treaty of peace. The negotiations, though satisfactory, broken off by a false report, announcing that Santa Anna had annihilated General Taylor's army. Mr. Beach retired from business in 1857, and up to the time of his death resided in his native town, where his liberality and readiness to aid in all movements for the im

were

provement of the place, and its intellectual and moral advancement, greatly endeared him to its citizens.

BELGIUM, a kingdom in Europe. King, Leopold II., born April 9, 1865; succeeded his father, Leopold I., on December 10, 1865. The only son of the king, Prince Leopold, born June 12, 1859, died in January, 1869. Heirapparent is now the king's only brother, Count Philip of Flanders, born March 24, 1837, married April 25, 1867, to Princess Maria of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. The area is 11,373 square miles. The population was estimated in December, 1865, at 4,984,451, but in 1866, according to the "provisional" results of the census of that year, it only amounted to 4,839,094. The following cities had above 100,000 inhabitants: Brussels, 163,434 (with eight adjacent communities, 286,827); Ghent, 116,607; Antwerp, 123,571; Liege, 101,699.

The ministry was reorganized on January 3, 1868, so as to consist of the following members: President of the Council and Minister of Finance, Hubert Frère-Orban, appointed January 3, 1868; Minister of Justice, Jules Bara, November 12, 1865; Minister of Foreign Affairs, Jules van der Stichelen, January 3, 1868; Minister of War, General Renard, January 3, 1868; Minister of the Interior, Eudore Pirmez, January 3, 1868; Minister of Public Works, Jamar, January 3, 1868.

The budget for 1868, as approved by the Chambers, fixed the revenue at 169,403,280 francs; the expenditures at 171,911,650 francs. The national debt, in 1868, amounted to 717,155,214 francs.

The army, according to the law of April 5th, is to be raised, in time of war, to 100,000 men. The exports and imports of Belgium, in 1866 and 1865 were as follows (value in millions of francs):

tives passed the Government bill for the contingent of 12,000 men for 1869, being an increase of 2,000 men over the previous year, by sixtyeight votes against forty-three. The bill proposing to divide the contingent into two sections, one effective and the other reserve, was adopted, by sixty-six votes against thirty-five, after a very stormy sitting. The reduction of the time of service to twenty-four months was adopted by eighty-seven votes against twenty-one. The Chamber subsequently adopted, by a majority of thirty-eight votes, a reorganization of the regimental lists. Previously (February 22d), M. Lehardy's amendment, proposing that the army should be exclusively composed of volunteers, had been rejected, by seventy-four against eighteen.

Owing to the pressure exercised by France and other governments, the Government of Belgium has for years expelled a number of liberal refugees. In May, the Chamber of Representatives adopted the Government bill, proposing to renew until 1871 the law relating to foreigners residing in Belgium. During the debate the ministry stated that the expulsion of M. Rogeard took place in consequence of his attacks upon the Belgian Government, and with a view to avoid eventual difficulties with France. General Prim and M. Vessinier were not expelled, but simply requested to leave Belgium.

BELL, HENRY H., U. S. N., a Rear-Admiral in the United States naval service, born in North Carolina, about 1808; drowned at the mouth of Osaka River, Japan, January 11, 1868. Rear-Admiral Bell was appointed a midshipman from North Carolina, in August, 1823, and during his more than forty-five years of service in the Navy, twenty-five of which were passed afloat, he saw more severe fighting than has usually fallen to the lot of our naval commanders. His first experience, in naval warfare, was on board of the Grampus, when she was engaged in clearing the coast of Cuba of pirates. He was connected with the East India squadron for many years, and commanded one of the vessels of the squadron which, in November, 1856, captured and destroyed the four barrier forts near Canton, China. Early in the late war he was assigned to the command of one of the first-rates forming the West Gulf squadron, took an active part in the capture of New Orleans, and the siege of Vicksburg, and in the blockade rendered essential service. For a time, in 1863, he was in command of the West Gulf squadron, and when Rear-Admiral Thatcher was ordered to other duty the command of it again devolved on him. In July, 1865, he was ordered to the command of the East India squadron, his rank being then that of commodore. In July, 1866, he was promoted to be rear-admiral, and, in 1867, having served more than forty years in the navy, he was retired; but Rear-Admiral S. C. Rowan, who was to have relieved him,. had not arrived when he was drowned. He

the following statistics were reported of the churches in connection with the "Union:" Number of churches, 2,411; of chapels, 2,642; of members, 221,524, a clear increase of 7,757. Additions to the ministry, 88; 25 new places of worship have been erected at a cost of £33,623, and 31 others enlarged. The "General Baptists," who lean toward the "Unitarians," reported, in 1868, 20,399 members, 537 less than in 1865. The baptisms of 1867 fell short of those of 1862 by 619.

The "Baptist Union," at its meeting held in May, declared in favor of the establishment of an equitable system of national education, with separation of secular and religious instruction, the former only to be controlled by the State. The receipts of the Baptist Missionary Society were £39,912, the largest it ever has had except in the Jubilee year. The number of missionaries and assistants was 58; of native churches, 105; of members connected with missions, 6,200.

V. BAPTISTS ON THE CONTINENT OF EUROPE. -The Baptist Churches on the Continent of Europe have generally been organized by the American Baptist Missionary Union, and most of them remain in connection with it. According to the last annual report of the Union, the statistics of the Baptist churches on the Continent of Europe were, in December, 1867, as follows:

Outside of Sweden, where the Baptist missions are self-supporting and independent, there are, in the European missions, 1,118 stations, with about 250 ministers and colporteurs; 102 Sunday-schools, with 3,194 scholars. The churches in Sweden form 10 Associations.

VI. ASIA.-The missions of the American Baptist Missionary Union in Burmah now constitute a separate Association. The convention of 1867 was attended by 91 members, of whom 15 were American missionaries, 20 native ordained preachers, 38 native unordained preachers, and 18 native laymen. There are 10 districts, with 20 missions. The number of baptisms reported in 1866 and 1867 is 1,172; present number of members, 19,231; pupils in schools, 4,517; of churches, 360; of ordained native preachers, 66; of unordained native preachers, 246. The total of benevolent contributions from 12 missions, for the two years, is 20,187 rupees. The contributions for schools, books, etc., from 6 missions, 5,368 rupees. There have been issued in the year ending

September 30, 1867, from the mission press at Rangoon, a total of 90,750 copies of books and tracts, comprising 5,502,800 pages. The theological seminary at Rangoon has had an average attendance of about 58 pupils, who were supported at a total expense of $1,375.70, or $23.72 each. Two missions (Bassein and Rangoon) are supported in Burmah by the American Free Mission Society. In the Bassein mission there is 1 missionary on duty, with a Karen co-laborer. Members, 5,862; village schools, 43; pupils, 1,173. In the Rangoon mission there are 2 missionaries; nearly 1,000 members have been added in 6 years; 20 new chapels were erected last year. Pupils in the schools, 1,500.

The distinguishing feature of the Assamese mission (Amer. Bapt. Miss. Union) during the past year has been the work among the Garos, where a church of nearly 40 members has sprung up almost in a day. There are two schools, and four Garo assistants are already engaged. There has been issued a total of 547,400 pages of books and tracts from the press of this mission.

The Mission to the Teloogoos (Amer. Bapt. Miss. Union) reports the following statistics: Missionaries, 3, and their wives; native assistants, etc., 9; stations, 6; members, 139, an increase of 93. Local receipts of over 1,200 rupees have been realized at the Nellore station.

In Siam, the Amer. Bapt. Miss. Union supports 1 missionary and wife, and has 1 station. There are 24 members, an increase of 2; 2 missionaries and their wives and 2 female missionaries labor among the Chinese population of Siam. The number of members of this mission is 53; number of baptized during the year, 40.

In China, the Amer. Bapt. Miss. Union has now two missions: the Southern China Mission (late Tie Chin) and Eastern China Mission (late Ningpo Mission). The statistics of the former mission were: Missionaries, 3, and their wives; out-stations, 11; native assistants, 9, 2 of whom have been ordained during the year. The statistics of the latter: Missiona ries, 4, and their wives; native assistants, etc., 16; stations and out-stations, 12; preachingplaces, 13; churches, 5; baptized, 30; members, 178; local contributions, $93.49. A new station has been opened at Hang Chau, 100 miles from Ningpo. It has 8 members. The Board of Foreign Missions of the Southern Baptist Convention sustains in China 7 American missionaries with several native helpers, at Canton, Shanghai, and Shantung. The mission has 180 members, of whom 39 have been baptized during the year. The Seventh-Day Baptist Missionary Society has a mission church of 20 members, with a native pastor.

The mission of the Free-Will Baptists in India has been more than usually successful. There are now some 70 or 80 pupils in the normal schools, over 900 in the boarding and day schools, and about 700 in the Sabbath-schools.