Gallatin-His Appeals to Jefferson for Aid-His Attack on the President Jefferson's

Views on proper Sacrifices to Party Unity-His Toleration of Individual Differences

of Opinion in his Party-Gallatin-Thomas Ritchie-South American Revolt Jefferson

advises Barlow how to address Napoleon-His Views on War and Peace-"Gives

Glory" to Gerry for "Rasping down" Traitors-The Conduct of the New England

Federalists Quincy's Declaration that it was the Duty of some States to prepare for a

Separation of the Union-Resolutions of Federal Caucus in Boston-Gerry pronounces

their Doctrines Seditious-Legislature go further-Jefferson's Illness-His Letter to

Rush-Correspondence of 1812-His Reconciliation with John Adams-War declared

between United States and Great Britain-Jefferson's Views of the kind of War it was

Expedient to wage-His Suggestions to the President-Sanguine Hopes-Views after

Hull's Surrender-A Glimpse of Jefferson's Pecuniary Affairs-He is urged to become

a Candidate for the Presidency-Urged to enter Mr. Madison's Cabinet-General

Result of the War in 1812-Conduct of the New England Federalists-Disunion insti-

gated from the Pulpit-Quincy's Attack on the War and on Jefferson in Congress-

Tallmadge's Speech-Clay's Reply to Quincy-Presidential Election-Progress of the

War in 1813-Jefferson's Remarks and Suggestions thereon-Massachusetts Legislature

resolve that it is "unbecoming a Moral and Religious People" to express Approbation

of the Military or Naval Exploits of the War-Massachusetts Officials do not attend

the Funeral of Lawrence-Quincy's Resolution in regard to Admission of States formed.

from Louisiana-Remonstrance of Massachusetts Legislature against the War-False

Statements of the Document in regard to Impressment, etc.-Smuggling and Selling

Supplies to the Enemy-How fostered in New England-Evasions of the Revenue

Laws-British Blockade extended-The portion of New England still Exempted-Gov-

ernor of Vermont attempts to Recall the Militia of that State from Canada-Proceed-

ings in Congress thereon-Resolves of Massachusetts, Pennsylvania and New Jersey-

Commodore Decatur's Account of the "Blue-light" Treason-Jefferson's Corres-

pondence in 1813-Dirge of the Indian Race-Jefferson's Letters to Eppes on the

Banks and Currency-Attempt of Boston Banks to prevent the Government from

obtaining Loans-Their Run on Banks of Middle and Southern States-Purchase of

English Government Bills-The Massachusetts Press and Pulpit denounce those

who lend Money to our Government-A new Rupture between Adams and Jefferson

threatened-Reconciliation between Jefferson and Mrs. Adams Jefferson's Views

of Style in Writing,

352

CHAPTER X.

1814-1816.

The Military Campaign of 1814-American and British Soldiership-Chippewa, Bridge

water, Plattsburgh and New Orleans-The Treaty of Peace-Jefferson Pronounces it

an Armistice-Results and Lessons of the War-Jefferson's Miscellaneous Correspond

ence in 1814-His Delineation of Washington-Aid to Bible Society-On States adding

to Qualifications of Members of Congress-The "Two Hooks" on which Republican

Government hangs-Letter to Granger-Blackstone and Hume-On Banks and Cur

rency-Literary and Scientific Correspondence-On the Spanish Constitution-To a

person who had a Revelation to attempt his Religious Conversion-Continued Views

on Negro Slavery-The Head of the Old French Party attacking Napoleon, and the

Head of the Old English Party attacking "John Bull"-Situation of Virginia Agricul

turists in 1814-Jefferson's Diplomas and Honorary Memberships of Societies--Offers

his Library to Congress-Report of Joint Committee thereon-Action in the two

Houses The Purchase-Valuation of the Books-Proceedings of the Opposition in

Massachusetts-Legislature determines to raise a State Army, and calls the Hartford

Convention-Proceedings in other New England States-Disunion advocated by Press

and Pulpit-Federal Action out of New England-Meeting of Hartford Convention-

Report of the Delegates to their Legislatures-Proposed Amendments of the Consti

tution-Massachusetts and Rhode Island appoint Commissioners to proceed to Wash-

ington-Attempts to annoy, and thwart the Measures of the General Government

-The Commissioners proceed to Washington-The Bubble burst-Public Derision-

The Speculations on the Secret Proceedings of Hartford Convention-Discrepancy in

the Explanation of its Members, etc.-Wherein the Explanations agree-Character of

the Members-John Holmes's Solution-Jefferson's several References to the Conven-

tion-His Contempt for its Menaces-His Erroneous Views in respect to some of its

Members Sources of the Odium which rests on the Measure-The Sequel-Action of

the States on the Constitutional Amendmer's proposed by the Convention-Domestic

matters at Monticello in 1815-Agricultural Statistics, etc.-Correspondence--On the

Right to preach Politics from the Pulpit-How Jefferson wished to be treated in History

-His Occupations in the Summer of 1815-Correspondence in 1816-His Health and

Habits-Letter to Adams on Living this Life over again-On Uses of Grief-To Col.

Yancey on the Bank Mania-Jefferson's continued Hostility to United States Bank-·

To Austin on encouraging Domestic Manufactures-How far he went in this Direction

-Virginia Improvements, etc.-Jefferson to Kercheval on amending the Constitution

of Virginia-Tucker's and Grigsby's Statements-A Singular Tribute to Jefferson's

Influence Jefferson accuses King of having suppressed his Friendly Overture to Eng-

land-Family Letters-A Hint concerning Pecuniary Matters,

CHAPTER XI.

1817-1822.

395

Lieutenant Hall's Account of his Visit to Monticello-Jefferson to Mrs. Adams-To

Adams in regard to Disclosing religious Views, etc.-A Practical Commentary on

Arraigning Private Religious Views of Candidates for Office-Monroe elected Presi-

dent J. Q. Adams Secretary of State-Jefferson's Comments on Adams' Appointment

-Central College-Miscellaneous Correspondence of 1817-Views in regard to the

Great Canal in New York-On an Amendment of the Constitution sanctioning Internal

Improvements-On Persecution of Shakers in New York-Indoor Occupations of the

Year, described by Himself-He keeps Copies of only a portion of his Letters-Omis-

sions in the Congress Edition of his Writings-Illness in 1818-Kosciusko's Death-

He leaves Jefferson Executor of his Will-Death of Mrs. Adams Jefferson's Letter of

Condolence to Mr. Adams-Wirt's Life of Henry-Historic Reclamations--Jefferson

advises a Course of Female Education-His List of approved Novels-Tribute to

Franklin-Temperance Reform Theories forty years ago-Correspondence of 1819-

His Account of his Physical Habits and Condition-His Reading for half an hour

before going to Bed-His first Book of Selections from the New Testament-His

Reinarks on it to Charles Thompson-His Polyglot Book of Selections from New Tes-

tament Contents of both Selections-His Remarks on the Materials for writing his

Biography, etc.-His Strictures on Judicial Encroachments-Attacks of Illness in

1819 The Missouri Question-Jefferson's Remarks on it in 1820 and 1821-Virginia

University-Its History Published in 1856-Professor Minor's Sketch of its Early

History-Meeting of Commissioners to select a Site, etc.-First Board of Visitors

Chosen-Jefferson appointed Rector-Plan of the Buildings-Establishment under

Control of Jefferson-Expense exceeds Public Expectation-Struggles and Triumphs-

Jefferson's Coadjutors-Joseph Carrington Cabell-An exciting Episode-Dr. Cooper's

Appointment as a Professor, attacked by the Clergy-The Sequel-Later Charges-

Explanations of Professors Tucker and Dunglison-The Charge that Religious Instruc-

tion was excluded from the University-Invitation of the Visitors to all Sects to establish

Chairs of Divinity-Reasons for the Omission of the Visitors to provide for Religious

Instruction with the Funds of the Institution-By-laws in regard to Religious

Instruction Jefferson's Miscellaneous Correspondence in 1820-Financial Affairs in

Virginia-On the Florida Treaty and Texas-"Monroe Doctrine" full blown-Jeffer

son's Views of the Administration-His health in 1820-His Correspondence in 1821-

Pickering's Overture and its Acceptance-On Judiciary Encroachments-On the Abuse

of his Confidence in publishing his private Letters-Correspondence of 1822-On

a United States Society for the Civilization of the Indians Jefferson accused in the

Newspapers of Overdrawing his Accounts while Minister to France-His Reply-His

Letter to John Adams-His Statement of his Persecution by Letter Writers-His Re-

marks on the Obliteration of Party Lines-Parentage of the Navy-Letters to his

Grandson,

CHAPTER XII.

1828-1825.

435

An Accident Correspondence of 1823-On Style-On O'Meara's Voice from St. Helena

-Complaint that the Republican side of American History is Unwritten-Declares

that the breaking up of hordes of Private Letters will ultimately disclose the truth

-Considers J. Q. Adams unfriendly to himself—To Monroe, on Interference of Holy

Alliance in South America-On the Acquisition of Cuba-On the Proposition of

England to join in Resisting Interference of the Holy Alliance-The "Monroe Doc-

trine" proposed to Monroe six weeks before he announced it-John Adams's Cun-

ningham Correspondence published-Jefferson to Mr. Adams, on the Strictures it

contained on himself—Their remaining Correspondence-Jefferson's Expressions in

regard to the Presidential Candidates in 1823-Letter to George Ticknor-Their pre-

vious Acquaintance-Jefferson's Absorbing Topic in 1824-Selection of Professors of

the University-To Dr. Sparks, on Emancipation and Colonization-To Garnett, on

Constitutional Amendments-To Englebrecht, on 15th Psalm of David-Reconcilia-

tion with Edward Livingston-Correspondence with the old "Heart of Sedition" in

England-Displeasure with Cartwright, and its Termination-Correspondence with

Henry Lee-Lafayette's Visit to the United States-Jefferson proposes a Public

Testimonial to him-Lafayette's Visit to Monticello-The Banquet-Jefferson's Speech

-Ticknor and Daniel Webster Visit Monticello-Webster's Account of his Visit-

Remarks ascribed to Jefferson in regard to Wirt's Life of Henry, and to the Character

of General Jackson-A Letter from one of Mr. Jefferson's Family on the subject-

Jefferson's Feelings towards Wirt, and his habitual way of speaking of Henry-His

Feelings towards General Jackson-Mr. Jefferson Twice in a Rage-His Remarks on

the Presidential Candidates in 1824-Arrival of the Professors, and Opening of the

University Jefferson's Estimate of the Professors-Dr. Dunglison's Memoranda-

Extracts from these Memoranda-The University Buildings-Architecture-All the

Professors Foreigners Jefferson's Illness-His Ideas of Physic-Jefferson at his

Table, his Visitors, etc.-His Manners-His Openness in Conversation-Lafayette's

Second Visit to Monticello-Levasseur's Statements-The Dinner in the Rotunda-

Lafayette's Solicitude for Jefferson's Health-Sends Instruments to him from France-

Proposes to send Dr. Cloquet-Laws of the University-Republicanism thought un-

able to stand against College Burschenschaft-Difficulties in the University-Mr.

Jefferson's Attentions to the Students,

.

CHAPTER XIII.

1825-1826.

486

Visitors at the University in 1825.-Mr. Wirt's last Visit to Monticello-Mr. Kennedy's

Visit The Duke of Saxe-Weimar's Account of his Visit-Mr. Jefferson's Correspon-

dence in 1825-His persistent Views in regard to the Aims of our early Political

Parties To Mr. Livingston, concerning his Civil Code-Miscellaneous Letters-Letter

of Advice for the Future Guidance of a Child-Views on President J. Q. Adams's first

Message Proposes that Virginia protest against Internal Improvements, by Con-

gress-Suggests a Constitutional Amendment-Asks Permission of Legislature to sell

his Lands by Lottery-His Paper on the Subject-Reasons for the Request-Other

Plans suggested-Grant to University refused-A misrepresented Joke-Declines a

Donation from the State-Letter to his Grandson-Gloomy Prospects-Correspon-

dence with Cabell-Explains his Affairs to Madison-Loss by Indorsing -The Friend

who gave the Coup de grâce-Some characteristic Incidents-Nicholas's last Decla-

rations-Lottery Bill passes-Public Meetings on the Subject-Proceedings of Meeting

in Nelson County-Lottery Scheme does not come up to the public wishes-Contri-

butions from New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, etc.-Manner in which Jefferson

received these Aids-His declining Health-Conceals his Malady from his Family-

Makes his Will-Reluctance to be helped-Continues his Rides-Dangerous Accidents

-Opening of 1826-Letter on Slavery-His last Reading-Nearly suffocated by an

Artist His Deportment to his Family-Invited to attend the 50th Anniversary of

Independence at Washington-His Reply-Deaths of Jefferson and Adams on that Day

Jefferson's Death described by his Grandson-His last written Message to his

Daughter-Mr. Trist's Recollections, etc.-Dr. Dunglison's Memoranda of Jefferson's

Illness and Death-What he meant by asking Madison to "Take care of him when

Dead"-Madison to Trist, on hearing of Jefferson's Death-Judge Carr's Letter-The

Public Sorrow over the Deaths of Jefferson and Adains-Funeral Orations, .

CHAPTER XIV.

1826-1848.

520

Mr. Jefferson's Religious Views-His Public Professions of a Belief in the Christian

Religion-Uniform Tone of his State Papers on this Subject-These nowhere Shown to

be Insincere by his Private Writings or History-His Contributions to Religious Objects,

Attendance on Divine Worship, etc.-His Language and Deportment in respect to

Religion-Letter to his Daughter on the Subject in 1803-His Avowal that he Leans on

the Views of Priestley-To Dr. Rush on same Subject in 1803-His Syllabus of an Esti-

mate of the Merit of the Doctrines of Jesus, Compared with those of Others-His dis-

sent from some of the Leading Views of Priestley-His objection to a "Specified Creed"

-His Degree of General Concurrence with Unitarians-He published no Attacks on the

Faith or Character of any Sect-Three Classes of his Religious Letters published after

his Death-Considerations to be kept in View in estimating their Contents-His Utter

Avoidance of Proselytism even in his Family-Closing up of his Pecuniary Affairs-

The Subscription drops and the Lottery fails-Sale of his Property-The Result-

Another Exhibition of Public Feeling-Action of South Carolina and Louisiana Legis-

latures-Descendants left by Mr. Jefferson at the time of his Death-His Monument

and Epitaph-Death of Governor Randolph-Death of Mrs. Randolph-Publication of

Randolph's Edition of Jefferson's Works-Sale of Mr. Jefferson's Manuscripts, and

Publication of Congress Edition of his Works-Responsibility,

553

LIFE OF JEFFERSON.

CHAPTER I.

1802-1803.

President's Correspondence during late Session of Congress-His Reasons for not pro-
claiming Fast and Thanksgiving Days-Indian Delegations at the Capital-President's
Address to them-Letters to his Daughter-News of Cession of Louisiana by Spain to
France-President's decisive Letter thereon to American Minister in France-He in-
closes it open to Dupont de Nemours-Its Contents intended for French Government-
Morality of President's Attitude-Compared with Miranda Scheme-Hamilton's Plan in
1802 The Christian Constitutional Society"-Bayard's Answer to Hamilton-Jef-
ferson's View of Object of Marshall's forthcoming Life of Washington-His Letter to
Priestley-Letters to his Daughter-To King in Respect to colonizing insurgent Blacks
of Virginia-His Explanation of his Gratuities to Callendar-Misapprehensions on this
Subject corrected-Account of Career and Fate of Callendar-The President at Home
-Table of his Expenses for a Year-Another Letter to Livingston-No Retreat from
former Views-To Gallatin on Constitutionality of Appropriations-The State Elec-
tions To Lincoln on Removals of Federalists from Office-American Right of Deposit
at New Orleans abrogated by Spanish Intendant-The Violation of our Treaty with
Spain-Meeting of Congress-The President's Message-Comments on it, and on the
State of Public Affairs, by Hamilton, Pinckney, Sedgwick, Morris, and John Adams-
Discussion of Spanish Aggression at New Orleans opened in Congress-Party Skirmish-
ing-Attempts of Federalists to make the Debate public-Randolph's and Griswold's
Resolutions-Action of the House-Monroe nominated Minister Extraordinary-Ross's
Conduct and Resolutions in the Senate-Breckenridge's Amendment-De Witt Clin-
ton's Speech-Federalist Appeal to Example of Washington examined by him and
Wright--Positions of Federalists in 1795 and 1803 in regard to calling on the Presi-
dent for Diplomatic Papers--Their Positions at same periods in regard to Rights of
Treaty-making Power-Their Overaction on the Spanish Question-The ex-Judges'
Petition denied-Topographical Explorations authorized-Resolution for submitting
Amendment of the Constitution in Regard to Manner of electing President and Vice
President-Ohio admitted into the Union-Importation of colored Persons prohibited
-Navy augmented-Yazoo Claims-Georgia presses President to buy out Indians—
President's Action-His general Course in Respect to the Indians-His Speech to
"Handsome Lake"-His Speech to Miamies and Delawares-A Dream of Philan-
thropy-Indian Treaties-Congressional Measures-Dry Docks Mitchell's Report-
"He laughs best that laughs latest"-The Adjournment Jefferson to his Daughters.

SOME of the President's correspondence during the late ses-
sion of Congress demands notice.

1