P., followed his mother to the angel land. Both mother and son were buried in Carlisle cemetery. September 6, 1882, Ella was married to

owned by his grandfather, near the site now occupied by the town of East Union, Noble County, Ohio.

His father, eldest son of James, Sr.,

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"I have been associated with a company organized to test the territory in the vicinity of Carlisle for oil. The company was organized some two years ago. We leased several thousand acres of land, and put down four test wells, all of which were failures.

"I own seven hundred acres of land besides the fifteen acres belonging to my town residence. I have been school director for some twenty years; postmaster for four years; and treasurer of the township more than twenty years. With one exception, I have always voted the Republican ticket.”

It is but justice to Mr. Penn, and to those who know him best, to add that but few men stand higher in the public esteem in all that is essential to good citizenship. Commencing life at the bottom round of the lad

der, he has won success solely through his own personal efforts in all the departments of life. He is one of those gentlemen whose identification with any community is always productive of good.

STEPHEN M. ARCHER, Son of James and Cynthia Archer, was born June 28, 1838, on the land entered and

from Greene County, Pa., when four years of age. He married Cynthia Morris, who was born in 1809, a grand-niece of Robert Morris, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, and daughter of Isaac Morris. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he zealously labored as exhorter and preacher for many years, doing much good for the church in those early times. He

died August 14, 1856. His wife survived him several years. She also was an earnest Christian, and on the 5th of March, 1884, fell asleep in the hopes of a happy resurrec

tion.

A local newspaper says:

"Died, March 5, 1884, Mrs. Cynthia Archer, wife of Rev. James Archer. She raised a family of thir teen children-seven boys and six girls. The loved and loving sister, wife, mother and friend died where womanhood's morning sun touches the evening star, while the shadows were falling toward the west. She had passed on life's highway the stone that marks the seventy-fourth year, four months and twenty days, but being weary for a moment, she lay down by the wayside, and using her burden for a pillow, fell into the dreamless sleep that kissed down her eyelids still. Yet, after all, it may be best; the end of each and all, and every life, no matter if its every

hour is rich with love, and every moment jeweled with a joy, will, at its close, be a sad and deep and dark mystery. This tender woman in every storm of life was brave, but in the sunshine she was vine and flowers. She was the friend of the poor. She left all spite and malice far below, while on her forehead fell the golden dawning of a grander day. She sided with the weak, and with a willing hand gave alms with a kind heart, and with the purest hands she faithfully discharged all her duties. She added to the sum of human joy, and were every one for whom she did some kind and loving service to bring flowers to her grave, she would sleep beneath a wilderness of flowers. She leaves a family of six children, and two brothers and many friends to mourn her loss."

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They had thirteen children en boys and six girls. The boys were George W., John W., Stephen M., Isaac B., James, Jonas and Robert, of whom Stephen M. and Isaac B. are living. The girls were Amelia, Sophia, Celia, Elizabeth, Catharine and Cynthia, of whom Celia and Cynthia are still living. Stephen M. married Rachel, daughter of Cyrus and Lucinda Matheny, May 7, 1857. She was born July 29, 1840. Their children are Lucinda L., born February 18, 1858, died June 26, 1858; Mary E., born March 2, 1859, died August 19, 1859; Martin B., born August 26, 1860, married Arabelle A., daughter of Joseph and Caroline Rutherford, October 29, 1881, by whom he has two children

(Bertie May, born September 11, 1883, and Jessie Rosa, born May 16, 1885). He is a Marion Township farmer. Milton W. was born March 19, 1862. He has taught several terms of school, but is now engaged in the mercantile business in East Union, where he has a good store-room filled with a fine selection of merchandise. Odell was born April 11, 1864, died September 21, 1864; Martha, born December 15, 1865, died March 13, 1867; Neal, born December 5, 1867, died May 20, 1868; Rosa, born July 6, 1869, is a teacher; Cicero M., born August 12, 1871, and Esther L. and Eastman W., twins, born September 9, 1873; Stephen M. born October 17, 1880. Mr. Archer received one hundred acres of land from his father's estate, but his father afterward becoming what involved, he paid $1,000 for him, which was near one-half the value of the land inherited. To the tract mentioned he has added from time to time, until he now has four hundred acres of as fine agricultural and pasture lands as can be found on the East Fork of Duck Creek, a stream noted for the fertility of the soil in the country bordering on its banks. As an example of thrifty farming we will give one instance told us by Mr. Archer. In 1871 he bought one hundred acres of land, and borrowed the money of William J. Young to pay for it, going in debt $6,000, and paying ten per cent interest. In four years he had his land paid for, and was out of debt. When we remember the panic of 1873 this is a remarkable example of successful financiering under adverse conditions, which requires sound judgment

and keen penetration. He has been somewhat extensively engaged in dealing in stock, horses, cattle and hogs, for many years, and is one of the few who have made money at it. He tells a good story of one of his early deals: "When I was about¦ fifteen years old," says he, "my father sent me out one day to look up some fat hogs four or five miles from home. I chanced upon a man who said he, had three for sale. Dismounting and going to his lot, I found three very fine hogs, which would weigh, as I judged, 250 pounds, or upward. I inquired the price. After much hemming and hawing, he wanted me to make him an offer. I told him I would give him $12 for them; he said he could not take it; he had decided that nothing less than $10 would buy them. I told him I him I would not give it, but I would split the difference with him and give him $9, which he finally consented to take, and I drove the hogs home." In 1862, in partnership with Naaman Harris, he engaged in the mercantile business in East Union, but went out in 1866. He has bought tobacco since 1860, averaging, he thinks, sixty-five hogs heads per year.

Mr. Archer, like most men of his age, had very few educational advantages in his youth, but judging by the facility with which he attends to his varied business interests, he improved them to their utmost. He is not only a liberal supporter of schools, but an earnest advocate of advanced thought in all literary and scientific departments. Upon his

center table we found, beside the Bible, Darwin's complete works, a noted orthodox paper and the Boston Investigator. In politics he is a Republican, yet charitable in his strictures upon parties and policies. Mr. Archer occupies the old homestead, the home of his father and grandfather, the buildings of which are in a remarkable state of preservation, though standing for half a century; by having good foundations and by a liberal use of paint they seem little the worse for wear. His has been a busy and a useful life. Beginning as a poor boy, by industry and economy he has accumulated considerable wealth, and while his varied business transactions have brought him in contact with men of all classes, yet so honorable have been his dealings with his fellow-men, that he has the esteem and confidence of all who know him.

THOMAS MCGOVERN was born in County Cavan, Ireland, October 25, 1841. His father, Patrick McGovern, came to this country in 1836. In 1839 he returned to his native country, but in 1842 he decided to make the United States his future home, and with his family came to Guernsey County, Ohio, where, in company with his brother-in-law, Peter Cornyn, he engaged in making macadamized roads. He died in Bellefontaine, Ohio, September 25, 1845, leaving his widow, nee Mary McGuire, whom he married in 1831, in very limited circumstances, with the care of seven children-Margaret, Bridget, Mary, Terrence, Thomas, Ellen and P. C. With her family she removed to

what is now East Union, Noble County, where she died September 10, 1865. The early life of Thomas was attended with many hardships; his education was limited to a few weeks at the district school in winter. His twenty-first year he signalized by enlisting in Company D, Ninetysecond Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He participated in every battle and skirmish in which his regiment was engaged up to July, 1864, at which time his sight became so impaired that he was sent to the general hospital, where he remained until April, 1865, when he rejoined his company. He was in the battles of Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Buzzard's Roost, Resaca and other minor engagements. He was mustered out of the service in June, 1865, and returned to his home For several years he was engaged in farming, but owing to ill-health he abandoned the farm and in company with his brother, P. C., he went into trade.

The brothers did a successful business. In 1887 the firm was dissolved, P. C. retiring. In December, 1869, he was elected justice of the peace and has served continually ever since. November 30, 1865, he was married to Mrs. Mary A. Smith, daughter of Absalom Archer. By this union there was one child, Rhoda E. In 1872 Mrs. McGovern died, and in 1874 he was married to Mrs. Sarah B. Archer, daughter of Charles Price. One child was born to them, Homer, who died July 30, 1876. In August following Mrs. McGovern died and in December, 1878, he was united in marriage with

Miss Mary, daughter of Andrew McIntee, of County Cavan, Ireland. By this marriage there have been five children: Thomas W., Maggie A., Mary A., Martha E. and Clara E. In his religious and political convictions. he is a Democrat and a Catholic. Two of his brothers, Terrence and Patrick C., were in the service, the former in the Twentieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, the latter in the Eighteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Terrence was captured at Atlanta, Ga., and for five months was a prisoner of war at Andersonville. P. C. was taken prisoner at Nashville, Tenn. He escaped by capturing his guard, whom he brought into camp. At the close of the war the boys returned to their home. Terrence is now a resident of Minnesota.

THE BARNES FAMILY.

Abel Barnes, one of the early settlers of Noble County, was born in Freeport, Harrison County, Ohio, October 23, 1814. He was of English descent. His wife, nee Caroline Brown, whom he married in Summerfield, December 24, 1839, was of Scotch extraction, and was born near Culpeper Court House, Loudoun County, Va., May 31, 1815. They had a family of seven sons and two daughters Nathaniel B., Adam, Peter F., George B., Allen W, James S., Abel W., Margaret A. and Rhoda E. Nathaniel B., the eldest of the family, was born in Marion Township, near the village of Summerfield, March 28, 1844. In 1871 he married Miss Sarah E., daughter of John and Nancy Floyd. They have