que me revenreu de vote bin. Et lo pere les y fit lo par-me tout mon dret de voutre benn, et le père leux partagit tege de so bin.

12. Le plus jeune dicit à son père: Mon père, donnés XVI. Patois of the Arrondissement of Altkirch me ma part du ben que j' dois aver, et le père fit keû (Vosges) :

XXXVI. Dialect of Limoges:11. Un haumé oguet dous droleis. 12. Lou pus jauné de iis disset au paï: Pai, boillas mé lo part de denado qué me revet, et au partiguet su bésugno entre ïs.

EDMUND WATERTON.

He adds-what is of some importance that the "style of ornamentation in gold and silver, stitched on silken stuffs, was far more common once than is now thought. Barbara Mason used the term when in 1538 she bequeathed to a church 'a vestment of grene sylke betyn with goold." We see, then, that Wagner wishes to engage the Clown as a servant, and offers as wages that he shall " " in fine dress, "cloth of gold" we may go A passage in Marlowe's Faustus has been left render it, instead of “in his nakedness" of L. 6. unexplained in the editions, and perhaps a sug-We might compare the "livery more guarded than

(To be continued.)

MARLOWE'S "FAUSTUS.”

gestion may not be out of place. The passage is Act i. sc. 4, 1. 14, printed thus in Cunningham's edition :

"Wagner. Sirrah, wilt thou be my man, and wait on me? and I will make thee go like Qui mihi discipulus? "Clown. What, in verse?

"Wagner. No, slave, in beaten silk and stave-saker.

his fellows" of Lancelot Gobbo. There should be, then, a continuation of the same idea in the word "staves-acre or "stave-saker." That, too, as repeated in 1. 21, “I say in staves-acre," means dress. There is no sense whatever in the explana tion which makes Wagner offer as his wages fine clothes and a vermin-killer. Müller (as quoted

"Clown. Stavesaker? that's good to kill vermin; then by Prof. Ward) suggests that the words "Qui mihi

belike if I serve you I shall be lousy."

Cunningham's note is :

27 66

discipulus " are scanned by Wagner's hand on the Clown's back," making the pun lie in the "I am not aware of the meaning of beaten silk. Staves-"beaten " and "staves." This is unnecessary, as acre is a species of larkspur (corrupted from the Greek the Clown takes no notice of any such beating of name Staphys agria). The seeds were particularly in repute for destroying vermin in the head. Coles, in his any such pun, and it still leaves "staves-acre" dictionary, calls it Herba pedicularis.” without a real meaning. I would suggest that Marlowe is here using two old-fashioned words for fine clothes, "beaten silk" and "stauracin or "stauracia." This "stauracin" or "stat

The excellent (Clarendon Press) edition of Prof. A. W. Ward has the text of the quarto, 1604, which differs from Cunningham's :—

"Wagner. Well, wilt thou serve me, and I'll make thee go like Qui mihi discipulus?

"Clown. How, in verse?

"Wagner. No, sirrah; in beaten silk and staves-acre. "Clown. How, how, knaves-acre ! ay, I thought that was all the land his father left him. Do ye hear? I would be sorry to rob you of your living.

"Wagner. Sirrah, I say in staves-acre. "Clown. Oho, oho, staves-acre! why, then, belike, if I were your man, I should be full of vermin." Prof. Ward merely quotes part of Cunningham's note on the passage, and adds nothing. There is, however, no difficulty in "beaten silk," which is a well-known phrase. It occurs in Chaucer's Knighte's Tale, 121 (where Dr. Morris does not explain it) :

"And by his baner born is his pynoun

Of gold ful riche, in which ther was i-bete
The Minatour which that he slough in Crete."

It is fully explained in Textile Fabrics, pp. 90-
92 (South Kensington Art Handbooks). The
author gives several quotations: the Norman-
French batuz, "that is, beaten with hammered-up
gold," and an order of King John, 1215, for five
banners with his arms upon them "bene auro
batuatas." And on pp. 25, 26, are two good quota-
tions, one from Chaucer's Romaunt of the Rose:
"And in samette, with birdes wrought,
And with gold beaten full fetously,
His bodie was clad full richely";
the other from the Metrical Romances:-
"Hur clothys with bestes and byrdes wer bete
All abowte for pryde."

36-38,

cinus" " was a silken stuff figured with small plain crosses"; cf. Textile Fabrics, pp. where is notice of " an example of Byzantine stauracin, colours purple and crimson,' at Durham." In Dufresne, under "Stauracis" and "Stauracium," are quotations, as "vestem de stauracin seu quadrupolis," and he speaks of it as a material of gold and silk. So in the dictionary of J. J. Hofmann (Lugd. Batav., 1698) "stanquotation, racina" is explained "pallia," with a "Macris Fratribus pallia sunt quibus multæ cruces intextæ alias Polystauria item Gammadia dieta, showing a more correct etymology than that of Dufresne, who derives the word from Storax. It is reasonable to think that the stuff which was well known to the dictionary writers may have been known to Marlowe, who was a well-educated man, with a taste for fine language and for words describing a fine show. The scene is the poet's own, at least I find no trace of it in the "History of Dr. Faustus" in Thoms's Early Prose Romances, vol. It is clear that Wagner did not mean a vermin-killer, for he does not like the "jesting", which turns his "stauracia" (?) or fine livery into "staves-acre" or "vermin-killer," which the Clown says would

"If I

evidently be needful if he served Wagner:
were your man I should be full of vermin," or else,
of course, the "stavesacre" would be of no use,
and you would not offer it. The "jesting" of the
Clown would be lost if this were really what Wagner
meant, and so it would if he had taken up the word

rightly as Wagner pronounced it; but if he has

deliberately changed the word into something
ridiculous, Wagner's anger is natural. The Clown
does the same with other words in the same scene:
"Wagner.
Hold, take these guilders.

"Clown. Gridirons, what be they?"

in price. "Vinea horti præsidentis.” “Tibicen ad Natalicium, ivs."

The last note but one reminds me of a controversy in "N. & Q." on the existence of vineyards (see ante, pp. 185, 256) in England. If your readers

So again, when Wagner invokes the devils to will turn to my history of agriculture and prices

torment him :

NOTES FROM ACCOUNTS OF MAGDALENE
COLLEGE, OXFORD.

I am just now engaged in examining the bursars' accounts at Magdalene College, Oxford, with a view to collecting prices. But there come before me some singular facts from time to time which may interest readers of "N. & Q." I subjoin a few of them.

they will find that in 1275 and 1278 wine grown at
Ditchingham in Norfolk is sold at prices fully equal
to those obtained ordinarily for French wine. I may
note also a whimsical illustration of the introduction
of Greek studies. Clerks of account, especially în
the universities, prepared their audit in Latin, and
were sometimes a good deal exercised for words.
One of the greatest difficulties was the Latin for
sprats, dried sprats having been a favourite food in
Lent. In the Magdalene College accounts they
are called apua, which is, I take it, the apún of
Aristophanes. Í have not seen the word used in
any other place, and I think that the adaptation is
to the credit of Magdalene College in the sixteenth
century.
JAMES E. THOROLD ROGERS.

Oxford.

RICHARD HOOKER.-Admirers of Hooker may be interested to hear of a book which appears to have been a gift from him to one of his pupils. A 1502. The bursars report at the audit that their copy of Scaliger's Poetices Libri Septem in my chest has been broken into and 1121. stolen from possession, bought from the sale of the late Bishop it. A searching inquiry is made, and the bursars Sumner's library, and still in its original binding, are acquitted of complicity or carelessness, the has on the title-page "Ric. Hoker." On the next award of the college being entered in the auto-leaf is written, "Ex dono Richardi Hookeri graph of Mayhew, then president. Next year, 1503, occur the following entries: 1. "Cuidam scholastico quater misso ad quendam astrologum consulendum pro bonis collegii ablatis superiore anno, xvid."; 2. "In regardis duobus astrologis calculantibus pro eisdem bonis ablatis, xxs." It does not appear that the college recovered the cash. 1535. "Soluti filio Mag. Cromwell in regardis et chirothecis, xs. vd." Is anything known of this son? "Joculatoribus domini regis, xxd." Are these the histriones regis on which I sent a note before?

1538. "Bellaria data sociis cum ageretur comoedia, vis. viiid." Probably Terence.

"Bellaria data

1539. "Epulæ empta Londini in adventum domini Cromwell, xlvis. viiid." sociis cum ageretur comœdia, viiis." 1540. "Epulæ quando agebatur tragoedia, viiis. ivd." Seneca ? "Duobus citharœdis tempore Natalicii, xli. ivs. viiid."

1541. "Bellaria data sociis post actas comoedias, xiis. ivd." "Candela tempore actarum comediarum, vs." (i.e., five dozen lb.).

1551. "Tibicines in tempore Natalicii, ivs. viiid." 1559. "Soluti diruentibus altaria, viis. vid." 1560. "Dedimus mutuo Mag. Henssaw rectori Coll. Line. super pignore, vili."

1562. "Due duodene facum [candles] ad spectacula præbenda, viiis." Candles now quadrupled

sua sponte benignissimè inculcantis. A.D. 1581.
Jan. 25." At the end, just under the word "Finis,"
but in a different hand, is "Pallatio Episcothorpho
Edwini Eboracensis clamante ad coquinam. 1580.
Augusti 27°. Gta sol: Deo." I have not had the
means of comparing the writing with any known
autograph of Hooker's, but the place and date,
Bishopthorpe, 1580, would seem to point to
Edwin (afterwards Sir Edwin) Sandys as the one
who finished "just as the dinner-bell was ringing."
There are many marginal notes, but none of any
particular interest. At p. 38 an old English word,
happercatch," is given as the equivalent of
akpoxepitev, and there is an occasional rap at
Scaliger's self-conceit.
J. H. L.
37, St. Paul's Churchyard.

JUDAS CANDLES AND JUDAS CANDLE.-There appears to be an uncertainty about the true meaning of the curious medieval symbolism of the Judas candles and candle. The true meaning lies,-1, in the colour of the candles, and, 2, the mock candle of wood. 1. The Tenebræ candles were the "Judas candles." They were extinguished by a hand of wax, signifying the hand of Judas, of which our Lord said, "He who dippeth with Me in the dish," &c. In the old symbolism the wax meant flexible to evil (John Beleth, cap. ci. p. 219; Durand, lib. vi. fo. cclxi b). The

number of lights varied from twenty-seven to in Johnson's Life of Prior and in other bioJAYDEE seven. They bore the name of the traitor because graphies. lighted during the reading of the Passion at Tenebræ, and all but the central one of white wax were of Judas colour, unbleached or yellow, the "dissembling colour" of Shakespeare.

2. The Judas candle, Jewes light, Judas of the Paschal, Judas torch, taper wood light, "betinge" light (made of betars or fire wood), "indithe" (indictment) light, was a wooden sham or counterfeit candle supporting the true Paschal in the seven-branched candlestick, which stood upright, the others diverging on either side, It (6 the was also known as the "Paschal post," or timber that the wax of the paschal is driven upon." The "Judasses" of the rood loft were also wooden candles, on which the wax lights were mounted on the candel-beam." The Judas cup" was in use at Durham on Maundy Thursday.

66

MACKENZIE E. C. WALCOTT.

"Go IT, NED!"-In your first series the question of "Up, Guards, and at 'em!" was discussed, and, I may say, settled. There has lately been a somewhat similar controversy about the reputed message of the Duke of Clarence to Admiral Sir E. Codrington at Navarino, the whole story being denied by General Sir Wm. Codrington, the admiral's son. But it may be interesting to embody in your pages the following paragraph from a recent issue of the Pall Mall Gazette:

"Sir W. Codrington's contradiction of the old story about Go it, Ned, reminds me (a lady writes) of an incident rather confirmatory of the general belief on the subject. Having the Duke of Wellington once as my partner at whist, and hesitating what I was going to play, the Duke said, laughingly, I fear you have never heard of the famous "Go it, Ned," at Navarino.' I had not, but following my partner's lead we won the rubber, much to the amusement of all present."

This proves at least the general belief in the story, and that this belief was shared by the Duke of Wellington. W. T. M. Reading.

may

lead

A LOYAL TOAST.-The following loyal toast is
extracted from a MS. letter (undated and unad-
dressed), signed J. W. Windsor, which I purchased
among other antiquarian curiosities at the sale of
Mr. J. G. Nichols's autographs, &c. According
to the writer of this letter, it is "from a collection
of Songs, Glees, &c.," by his "late kind and revered
friend Dr. Harington," who "composed the Eloi
(whatever that may have been).

"Here's to 'Rex,' 'Lex,' and 'Pontifex' !
A toast no honest heart rejects.
The king in safety all protects;
The Church to future bliss directs;
But knaves who plot the state to vex,
May Laws provide for all their necks!"

I fancy, from other letters in the same collection,
that Dr. Harington was in some way or other
connected with Bath, at the close of the last cen-
tury or early in the present.

Hampstead, N.W.

E. WALFORD, M.A.

THE PUBLICATION OF CHURCH REGISTERS— The truth of the remarks of many of your corre spondents on the inexpediency of publishing extracts from parish registers is well illustrated by reference to the MS. collections of the late Sir Wm. Burrell for the History of Sussex (in the British Museum Library). The quantity of information collected is vast, but Sir Wm. Burrell, in dealing with each parish, only gives extracts from the registers as to births, deaths, and marriages connected with prominent or old county families. In consequence the completion of pedigrees from the MSS. is almost impossible.

Brighton.

FREDERICK E. SAWYER

THE VINTAGE OF 1879.-The following, from the Standard of the 11th inst., is worthy of preservation in "N. & Q." :

"Paris was suddenly enveloped in darkness this afternoon (April 10), in the midst of which a violent thunderstorm, accompanied by heavy rains, broke over the town. If we are to believe the old saying,

vintage."

'Quand il tonne en Avril,
Preparez ton baril,'

71, Brecknock Road.

EVERARD HOME COLEMAN.

PRIOR'S UNCLE.-The reissue of the so-called "Aldine" edition of the "British Poets" was very incorrectly printed, but it would be useless to draw attention to typographical errors which cannot now be remedied. There is, however, one misprint in the Life of Prior, by the Rev. John Mitford, pre- the atmospherical event of to-day portends an abundant fixed to the poet's works (1866), which biographers into error. At p. xiv we are told that, on the death of his father, Prior " was affectionately received into the house of his uncle, a butcher of respectability near Charing Cross." But on the next page it is stated that "his house was in good repute, and frequented by some of the leading wits and patrons of the day," and a footnote adds, "S. Prior kept the Rummer tavern at Charing Cross in 1685." I suppose, therefore, that "butcher" is a misprint for "vintner," the word

A BRIDAL IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.— The bride put on her wedding smock, gloves were distributed, rosemary branches were dipped in water, hypocras and cakes were discussed, and then two bachelors on either side conducted her to church (Beaumont and Fletcher's Scornful Lady). Ben Jonson tells us of the bride ale, the scarves, the gloves, the garters, the bride's colours,