able fpecimen of the nature of that entertainment which can be expected from reading this work. On TAVERNS and a TAVERN CLUB. IN contradiction to thofe, who, having a wife and children, prefer domestic enjoyments to those which a tavern affords, I Dr. Johnfon ufed to affert, that a tavernchair was the throne of human felicity.'As foon,' faid he, as I enter the door of a tavern, I experience an oblivion of care, and a freedom from folicitude: * when I am feated, I find the mafter courteous, and fervants obfequious to my call; anxious to know and ready to fupply my wants: wine there exhilarates my fpirits, and prompts, me to free converfation and an interchange of difcourfe with those whom I moft love: I dogmatife and am contradicted, and in this conflict of opinions and fentiments I find delight. THIS perfon, who is now at reft in Weftminster Abbey, was, when living, diftinguifhed by the name of long Sir Thomas Robinson. He was a man of the world, or rather of the town, and a great He was very troublefome to the late Duke NOVELS and ROMANCES, with CHApeft to perfons of high rank, or in office. of Newcastle, and when in his vifits to him he was told that his Grace was gone out, would defire to be admitted to look at the clock, or to play with a monkey that was PERAMBULATION of the Circuit round It is worthy of remark by thofe who are curious in obferving cuftoms and modes of living, how little thefe houfes of entertainment are now frequented, and what a diminution in their number has been experienced in London and Westminster in a period of about 40 years backward. The history DR. THOMAS BIRCH, the antiquarian of taverns in this country may be traced back to the time of Hen. IV. for fo ancient is that of the Boar's Hawkins, that he had the curiofity to meaand hiftorian, once related to Sir John Head in Eaftcheap, the rendezvous of Prince Henry fure the circuit of London by a perambuand his lewd companions, as we learn from Shake-lation thereof: the account he gave was to speare. Of little lefs antiquity is the White Hart without Bishop's-gate, which now bears in the front of it the date of its erection, 1480. Anciently there stood in Old Palace-yard, Weftminster, a tavern known by the fign of the White Rofe, the fymbol of the York faction. It was near this effect: He fet out from his houfe in the chapel of our Lady behind the high altar of the road at the Angel. There was at that abbey-church. Together with that chapel it was, in 1503, pulled down, and on the fcite of both was erected the chapel of Henry the Seventh. At the restoration, the Cavaliers and other adherents to the royal party, for joy of that event, were for a time inceffantly drunk, and from a picture of their manners in Cowley's comedy, Cutter of Coleman-ftreet, must be fuppofed to have greatly contributed to the increase of taverns. Wheu the frenxy of the times was abated, taverns, efpecially thofe about the Exchange, became places for the tranfaction of almost all manner of bufinefs: 'There accounts were fettled, conveyances executed, and there attornies fat, as at the Inns in the country on market days, to receive their clients. In that space near the Royal Exchange which is encompaffed by Lombard, Gracechurch, part of Bishop's-gate and Threadneedle streets, the number of taverns was not fo few as twenty, and on the feite of the Bank there stood four. At the Crown, which was one of them, it was not unusual in a morning to draw a butt of mountain, a hundred and twenty gallons, in gills. RACTERS and ANECDOTES of WRI TERS. THE first publication of the kind was the Pamela' of Mr. Richardfon, which being read with great. eagerness by the mended from the pulpit, begat fuch a young people of the time, and recomcraving for more of the fame stuff, as tempted fome men whofe neceffities arid abilities were nearly commenfurate, to try their fuccefs in this new kind of writing. At the head of these we muft, for many reafons, place HENRY FIELDING, Efq. one of the moft motley of literary characters. This man was, in his early life, a writer of comedies and farces, very few of which are now remembered; after that, a practifing barrifter with fcarce any bulinefs; then an anti-minifterial writer, and quickly who gave him a nominal qualification of after, a creature of the duke of Newcastle, juftice, in which difreputable ftation he 100l. a year, and fet him up as a tradingdied. He was the author of a romance intitled The hiftory of Jofeph Andrews,' and of another, The Foundling, or the hiftory of Tom Jones, a book feemingly intended to fap the foundation of that morality which it is the duty of parents and all public inftructors to iuculcate in the minds of young people, by teaching that virtue upon principle is imposture, time no city-road, but paffing through that generous qualities alone conftitute Hoxton, he got to Shoreditch, thence to Bethnal-green, and from thence to Step- true worth, and that a young man may ney, where he recruited his fpirits with love and be loved, and at the fame time a glass of brandy. From Stepney he affociate with the loofeft women. His paffed on to Limehouse, and took into his morality, in refpect that it refolves virtue he became fenfible that to complete his moral obligation and a fenfe of duty, is rout the adjacent hamlet of Poplar, when into good affections, in contradiction to defign he must take in Southwark: this that of lord Shaftesbury vulgarifed, and is a put him to a ftand; but he foon determined fyftem of excellent ufe in palliating the on his courfe, for taking a boat, he landed vices moft injurious to fociety. He was at the red houfe at Deptford, and made of heart, which is every day used as a the inventor of that cant phrafe, goodness his way to Say's court, where the great fubftitute for probity, and means little wet-dock is, and keeping the houses along Rotherhithe to the right, he got to Bermore than the virtue of a horfe or a dog; mondley, thence by the fouth end of Kent-in fhort, he has done more towards corftreet to Newington, and over St. George's rupting the rifing generation than any fields to Lambeth, and crofling over to Millbank continued his way to Charing cross, and along the Strand to Norfolkftreet, from whence he had fet out. The whole of this excurfion took him up from nine in the morning to three in the afternoon, and, according to his rate of walk writer we know of. kind, but of a lefs mifchievous tendency, his Amelia." For each of thefe he was well paid by Andrew Millar the bookfeller, and for the laft he got fix hundred pounds. He afterwards wrote a book of the fame (To be continued.) New airs are got, fresh graces, and fresh washes, Till just complete for conqueft at Guildhall, his tether, Caps, cuftards, coronets-all fink together SINCE all are fprung, they fay, from Mother Papa refumes his jacket, dips away, Why ftamp a merit or difgrace on birth? Yet fo it is, however we disguise it, All boaft their origin, or else despise it; This pride, or fhame, haunts ev'ry living foul, Peers, Taylors, Poets, Statefmen, Undertakers, makers; Sir Hugh Glengluthglin, from the land of goats, While wealthy Simon Soapfuds, just be-knighted, And Mifs lives fingle 'till next Lord-Mayor's- If fuch the forrow, and if fuch the ftrife, For the COUNTY MAGAZINE. BY THE REVEREND! Forgets the neighbouring chins he us'd to lather, EDUCATION, like a polisher of And scarcely knows he ever had a father. Our author then, correct in every line, mind, and a tractable understanding, draws out to view every latent virtue and perfection, which, without fuch affiftance, are never able to make their appearance. By the aid of right education it is that human kind removes itself from thofe habits, which, though common with, are degrading to the fpecies;-by it the lapfed ftate of human nature is recovered, and the rude, untoward principles of the iron age are Thus doth falfe pride fantastic minds mislead, brushed off, and fwept away. That the And make our weaker fex feem weak indeed; prefent plan of education, as it is profecuted Suppose, to prove this truth, in mirthful strain, by schoolmasters in general, is at least no We bring the Dripping family again— abfurd one, the following fimple obfervaPapa, a Tallow Chandler by descent, tions are intended to affirm:-It is afferted Had read, "how larning is most excellent : by fome, that a perfon may acquire a good So Mifs return'd from boarding-fchool at Bow, education without ever being taught either Waits to be finish'd by Mama and Co. to read or write. "Living words," it is "See, spouse, bow spruce our Nan is grown, and faid, will do the bufinefs-that I deny. " tall, Whoever reads, attentively, the human "I'll lay fhe cuts a dasb at Lord-Mayor's ball.” mind, and contemplates on it, will readily In bolts the maid-Ma'm! Mifs's Mafter's come." coincide with the affertion, that our ideas Away fly Ma' and Mifs to dancing-roomof modes and fubftances are affifted, in "Walk in Mounfeer; come NAN, draw up like fearching after truths, by other intermediate me," Ma Foi Madame, Miss like you as two pea. [Singing and dancing about.] hend the meaning of twenty; that it is pro- nacular alphabet, hence to the formation a of words, to fece to the formations connection of modes new ideas fpring, and from thefe others, and hereby a noble fuperftructure is reared on this ftable foundation; for not from fpeech come letters, but speech from letters flows. The fame may be obferved with regard to figures, notation being the first ftep thereto : for a boy fhould no fooner know what twenty is, than he should be taught to mark it. There are two things that have made moral ideas to be thought incapable of demonftration, namely, their complexedness, and want of fenfible reprefentations. Ideas of quantity have the advantage of others, and are more capable of certainty and demonftration, on the account that they have greater affiftance from intermediate ideasthat they can be fet down and diftinguished by certain characters, which have a nearer correfpondence with them than either words or foun is. A triangle or a circle laid down on paper, is a copy of the idea in the mind that form'd it, and therefore not liable to the uncertainty of fignification that words carry with them. Defcribe to a boy who has not been taught conftruction, any figure in mathematics, or problem in geography, he may remember the defcription, but cannot comprehend its nature-e. g. let him be told that a triangle is a three-fided figure; that one fide is called the hypothenufe, another the bafe, and the third the perpendicular; let him be alfo told, that the fquare of the hypothenufe is equal to the fquares of the bafe and perpendicular: the defcription, as was before hinted, but let thefe truths be told him, he remembers cannot hence, without manual demonftration, difcover either its properties or its fhape. His teacher, indeed, may, as ideas, which, forming a congruity of parts, AND OF EUROPE, HE For March, 1787. the fame kind of goods in every stage, on the high feas, in the rivers, in the harbours, on the keys, (going out and coming in) and in the fhops and warehouses; promifing a they walk abroad, defcribe it to him with | The POLITICAL STATE of the NATION | France; the fame kind of goods meeting. his ftaff upon the fand; but most men, I prefume, will allow that the defcription would look better on paper. The human mind, however penetrating, cannot always perceive the immediate agreement or difagreement of ideas, because those ideas concerning which the enquiry is made cannot by the mind alone be fo connected, as to lead to a true conclufion-therefore it has recourfe to the invention of others to come fcene of univerfal confufion and endless controverfy; opening a door for innumerable frauds of every kind upon the revenue, upon the fair trader, and the confumer. minifter is making as much hafte to throw us into the arms of France, as a good and wife minifter would make to fnatch us out of the infatiable devouring jaws of the moft implacable hereditary enemy we now have, or ever had, or ever For this very great boon to France we can have, in the whole world! - fo much have got nothing! nothing pretended to be at the truth. I may venture to affert, that fo, that he leaves no time or opportunity given!-The minifter indeed tells us, that there is not any man, of any age or genius, for the people of Great Britain to examine by the Tariff our manufacturers have gainable to comprehend fully any one branch the matter minutely, to fee their danger, ed an acceffion of twenty millions of new of even ordinary education, without the aid and to remonftrate against the unprecedent-cuftomers!-What manufacturer can refift of those intermediate ideas which the pre-ed and unparalleled measure!-That a raw this allurement?-But the minifter has fent mode of teaching requires; which eve- unexperienced youth, whofe head may not told them, that by this fame treaty they ry branch obtains. Whoever defers be- have been turned with his extraordinary will get twenty millions of rivals in trade, ginning a boy to read, till he be eight years elevation to a dangerous pinnacle of pow-cuftomers at our home-market, under the pow-who will pufh their goods upon their old who will push their goods upon their old of age, and yet trufts he can qualify him er, fhould drive on impetuoufly and furi- cuftomers at our home-market, under the for the fenate, bar, or pulpit, by the time oufly into a new-fangled, wild, romantic very nofes of our own manufacturers; and he is fifteen, will find himself mistaken.-fcheme, the child of his own diftempered that the whim,caprice, and folly of our counIt was a maxim with a famous Thalian brain, we do not much wonder at ; but that trymen and women will throw the great mufe," to fuit the action to the word, and men of riper age, of good intellects, and preponderating weight into the French the word to the action."Similar to this, fage experience, can be found to fhut their fcale, Thefe are folid, ferious,and indifis that of fuiting young minds with fimple eyes and their ears, and cloud their own putable truths, which we defy the whole mifubjects, and their intermediate helps. understanding, to exclude all candid rea-nifterial phalanx and the whole FrenchiWhat are all the properties of writing in foning, and found argument, for the pur-fied junto to refute, or even to difpute. rea-fied junto to refute, or even to difpute. theory, to a boy who is deftined to earn his pofe of taking a leap in the dark, to follow We could likewife fhew that the treaty bread with his pen? or what profit would this their juvenile leader, and draw the gives the French ample opportunity, not accrue from a knowledge of arithmetic, if nation with them, by dint of delegated only of feducing our artizans and manufache knew not whereby to put it in practice? Intuitive knowledge, I confefs, ought to power, into an unknown, untried, and turers, with their tools and implements, Intuitive knowledge, I confefs, ought to unexplored gulph, the bottomlefs pit of from their native country into foreign lands, take the lead; but the knowledge that is French chicanery and perfidy, is fone-but alfo of ftealing the arts and myfteries ferviceable between man and man muft what wonderful indeed!!! too wonderful themselves, and tranfplanting them into be demonftrative alfo. That knowledge for us to comprehend! their own country, to the utter ruin of the which is acquired without thofe intermeWe have attended very carefully, and in- British manufactories. But we have not diate ideas, (marks or characters) cannot be deed inquifitively, to all the reafoning on room for fuch copious investigation; we communicated to any other perfon-no both fides of the queftion, that has reached must therefore leave this talk to the more one being able to affift the ideas of another our ears and our eyes, in private conver-enlightened part of the manufacturers themwith what he himself has no idea of confe- fation, and public debate upon paper; and felves, contenting ourselves with barely quently ferviceable to him only who pof-we pofitively declare, that we have never hinting it thus curforily in our way; heartifeffes it.-Knowledge thus circumfcribed may profit a philofopher, but cannot be of yet feen or heard any thing like folid fairly withing they may improve upon it, and ufe to the man of business.-As there are mercial treaty on the contrary, we fay, argument in fupport of this French com- make good ufe of it. To this fame tariff of the treaty, lame as few men without their prejudices, fo there are this French treaty carries on the face of it is, we facrifice all our old friends, cuffew inftitutions without their deficiencies it the broad mark of unfairnefs, inequality, tomers and dependences; the commercial -but the prefent eftablished plan of our beft and partiality. Indeed it wants the vital intercourfe with Portugal, whofe producfchools, has the feweft faults of any.-An principle of all good commercial treaties, tions fupply our wants, and whofe wants old plan, especially of education, may fooner that is, the grand tie of mutual wants and employ our manufacturers, which conftibe improved on, than a new one adopted.fuperfluities, which alone can bind civiliz-tute the vital principle of all commercial He who fcorns to tread the old frequenteded nations together in a commercial inter-treaties.We do the fame by Spain and path, in which good men are made great, courfe beneficial to both contracting par- the Italian States. Even our own West and great men good, has much, befides pre-ties. The firft four articles out of thirteen India Iftands do not escape making a part judice, to furmount-and, therefore, muft of the Tariff, are all clearly and indifputa- of the general facrifice! All! all is given not think it ftrange, fhould he never attain bly made for the great advantage of France, up to French intrigue! Not fo the French the balf-way polt to the fuminit of his and the equally great difadvantage of Bri-with their friends and allies!They are withes. From the foregoing obfervations, tain. The wines, brandy, oils, vinegar, ftrengthening and confirming all their old I firmly affert, that any part of education are all levelled in the duty to the wifh of commercial treaties, extending and dilating that is by a child acquired, previous to his the French, without any equivalent what-the fame !-They are commencing new being taught either to read or write, is only foever. The remaining nine articles pre-engagements, alliances and commercial the fruit of loft labour.-Such knowledge, tend to no more than a reciprocal inter- treaties with the very powers whom we are having no foundation but what is ideal (airy courfe of admitting the fame articles of ma- alienating from our intereft, and throwing" affurance) the fuperftructure, like the foun-nufacture into each country refpectively, into the French fcale. In short, they are dation, difappears before demonftration, like under the fame duties, regulations, reftric-taking all and leaving us nothing, and we a bubble emptied on the furface of the brook. tionis, penalties, &c.a kind of a fee-faw are helping forward their fcheme with all The Academy at Lymington, ? traffick backwards and forwards, from our might! What strong delufion or infa France to England, and from England to tuation covers our devoted ifland!!! March 12, 1787. As to the political part of the treaty, it is enough to fay, that, whenever it takes place, it will be the immediate downfall of the British empire at the feet of the French king: we fhall lofe our rank among the powerful maritime nations of Europe: they will no longer confider us as a firm barrier against the favourite French fchemeuniverfal monarchy; but will look upon us as the humble tools of French intrigue, fineffe, and treachery. We think we fee, in fome of the articles, a tacit or implied furrender of the fovereignty of the fea, and confequently of the falute so stedfastly infifted on by our ancestors. The withdrawing of the Pruffian ambaf IF you think the following little efforts worthy a corner of your entertaining Mifcellany, they are much at you fervice; and I will add, fhould one or bath appear in your next, you will thereby greatly oblige A CONSTANT READER. On feeing a Gentleman shed Tears at reading the Story of POOR MARIA, in Sterne's Sentimental Journey. STERNE ! could't thou look down and see This unaffected fympathy; fador from the Court of the Stadtholder, without going by way of the Hague to make his bow to their High Mightnesses the States General, has ftruck a damp to Had we time and room, we could fill a the fpirits of the French high-flyers of that whole magazine with folid objections to divided and distracted Republic. If it be the treaty, and illuftrations of the fame; true, too, that his Pruffian Majefty has in-Sp'te of the praife and load of fame but muft for the prefent content ourselves vited the Duke of Brunswick to pay a fudThe world has heap'd upon thy name, with expreffing our hope, that the Almigh- den vifit to his court, it portends no good Pleas'd thou wouldst fmile, and proudly view ty has not yet, in his wrath, given up our to that turbulent party, who cannot expect Such genuine tribute, paid by few: whole nation to ftrong delufion, to believe that the injured, infulted, and abufed Duke Feelings fo like thy own revere, lies and false representations, and to fhut of Brunswick will advife or affift in execut- And gaze with rapture on each tear. all our eyes and ears against truth and founding any of their furious, defperate, and unreason, to our own utter and irretrievable conftitutional measures; or that he will be ruin. a mediator between them and the Stadthol der, who has himself been hunted out of And fure I am thou'dft fondly join and fuch a one I think thou'dft have, ELEGY. VAGA H! hapless Julia, where is now thy boaft? The only thing which the impetuofity of the minifter in this business leaves room for, is the progrefs of impeachment, which is, indeed, the only thing in which minifters and patriots can cordially agree. We The Empress of Ruffia is reported, at live in ftrange times indeed! Thofe men laft, to have fet out upon her long projected who loft us the western world, and with it journey to Cherfon; whether fhe will reach fleets and armies, were never called to an it or not, or whether the means only to account, but have been careffed, honoured, profecute her journey fo far, as to give an and highly favoured, and fent out with great opportunity of forming a congrefs of norand high commands to the east and to the thern potentates in propriis perfonis, we are weft; while the man who preferved the not able as yet to determine. Perhaps eaftern world, and supported the dignity of fomething may depend on the refult of the British name, is treated as a criminal, their deliberations, either to accelerate or A Thy at adieus to love and foft defires; under painful difagreeable circumftances fet afide her further purfuit of the long jourwhich few criminals experience, being ney.-The Emperor and the King of Po-offended Cupid, with revengeful force, perfecuted with more vehemence, maligni- land are marked out as her principal affo- Hence draws his bow, and lights confuming fires. ty, and rancour, than most criminals are; ciates in this convention: probably the laugh at lovers follies now no more, and ill defended, flighted, and even deferted King of Pruffia may make a fourth crown-No more their griefs and tender cares deride 3 by fome of the most powerful of his pre-ed head in this novel affemblage of Imperial The calm indiff'rence I poffefs'd before, tended friends!What will the furround- and Royal perfonages.-We cannot think No more I boaft-love only is my guide. ing nations and our Indian friends think of the Ottoman court can look upon this all this? What will they fay of us? What phoenomenon with complacency or indiffe-In vain I court * Urania's powerful aid, will they do? or rather, What will they not rence; but they have enough to do elfe With themes majestic, to infpire my lay ; do, in confequence of all this ftrange pro- where.-The Czarina has done the French She heeds me not-† Erato, amorous maid, cedure-We believe the accused party King's business, by figning his treaty, be- Claims all my fong, and steals my soul away. wifhes with us that the matter were fpee- fore her departure. It is more than fhe has dily brought before that tribunal which is done for us, or our minifter would have To none I dar'd my troubled mind impart, competent to try the caufe; the fooner the boafted of it before this time. Long, long to check the hapless flame I ftrove; better. Long hop'd 'twas friendship only warm'd my Ireland feems to be in a very strange predicament refpecting her internal government, very far from a state of tranquillity In fome parts mob-law carries the way, and administration appears to be unwilling to enquire into the cause of thefe diforders, and fearful of fuppreffing the fame-There must be some fecret lurking caufe, which we are yet unacquainted with, to produce thefe ferious and alarming effects, too stubborn even for government to encounter without difmay and terror. It is a fad Report has feveral times brought the Grand Siggior to death's door, but he has ftill furvived all thefe reports, for what we know.-Things feem to have taken an aukward turn there, particularly with the Capitan Pacha, who feems to have fuffered a reverfe of fortune. Great talents are put to the teft in adverfity; and if he recovers himself out of the prefent difficulties, he may hine brighter than ever. There feems to be a fet of falfe patriots there as well as here, who hate all fterling merit and love of their country. E WENT into my ftable, and there did I fee I Horfes flanding there, by one, two, and three, Horfes ftanding there, &c. I call'd to my good wife, anon, Sir, quoth fhe, Old wittol, blind buzzard, can't thou not fee? How came the fe men here without the leave of me? me. Odds bobs! there's our chamber-maids with beards The like was never known, a wittol, &c. AN ORIGINAL SONG, VI. Now all the mob from the town and court, To fee this famous play, which ran both night Call'd the Beggars Opera-Oh! brave Gay!! For the COUNTY MAGAZINE. FARREN AND FANCY. By Mr. HOLCROFT. was whifking and whirling about, Written on the first Appearance of the A From visits to Auctions, from Oprato Rout, BEGGARS OPERA, by the late HENRY N I. OW Sally Salisbury's dead and gone, II. Sally the lodg'd at the Chequer inn, Fairer nymph I never spied than charming Sall. HI. Polly the Polly fhe grew extenfive fair, She put in to be à player, She call'd out to John-" bid 'em drive to the Play : And, entering, hears the whole house in a roar, My Lady! My Lady!" John fhouts out aloud"She's fainting or frighten'd, or lost in this "croud!" In that fame famous play, which ran both night And, ftill, as he call'd, Lady Fancy he nam'd: and day, |