tracted by that government was prohibited. These proceedings were ratified by the people, and WILLIAM G. BROWNLOW In April the legislature ratified the Thirteenth Amendment to the national Constitution, reorganized the State government, and elected Senators to Congress. The Fourteenth Amendment to the national Constitution having been ratified by the State in 1866, it was soon afterwards admitted to representation in Congress. The constitution of the State was revised early in 1870. Population in 1890, 1,767,518; in 1900, 2,020,616. See UNITED STATES, TENNESSEE, in this volume. the Confederates on temporary bridges. nulled, and the payment of any debts conGeary crossed at eight o'clock, and, seizing a picket-guard of forty men, extended his line to the base of the mountain. By eleven o'clock Hooker was striving to drive (q. v.) was chosen governor. the Confederates from the mountain; all his guns opened at once upon the breastworks and rifle-pits along the steep wooded acclivity, and Gross's and T. J. Wood's brigades, sweeping everything before them, captured the rifle-pits. At the same time the troops scaled the heights, driving the Confederates from the hollow to a plateau well up towards the crest and around towards the Chattanooga Valley. At considerably past noon the plateau was cleared, and the Confederates were retreating in confusion towards the Chattanooga Valley. Hooker established his line on the easterly face of the mountain; so that, by an enfilading fire, he completely commanded the Confederate defences, stretching across the valley to Missionary Ridge. See CHATTANOOGA CAMPAIGN, THE; LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN, BATTLE ON; MISSIONARY RIDGE, BATTLE OF. TERRITORIAL GOVERNOR. william Blount, appointed governor of the STATE GOVERNORS. Aug. 7, 1790 John Sevier.........assumes office......March 30, 1796 William Carroll... James K. Polk Neil S. Brown................... Andrew Johnson.... General Burnside, with the Army of the Ohio, had occupied Knoxville, Sept. 23, 1863. The Confederate General Buckner, upon his advance, evacuated east Tennessee and joined Bragg at Chattanooga. Early in November, General Livingstone, with 16,000 men, advanced against Knoxville. On the 14th he crossed the Tennessee. Burnside repulsed him on the 16th at Campbell's Station, thereby gaining time to concentrate his army in Knoxville. Longstreet advanced, laid siege to the town, and assaulted it twice (Nov. 18 and 29), but was repulsed. Meantime Grant had defeated Bragg at Chattanooga, and Sherman, with 25,000 men, was on the way to leave Knoxville. Livingstone, compelled to raise the siege, therefore, retired James B. Frazier.... up the Holston River, but did not entirely abandon eastern Tennessee until the next spring, when he again joined Lee in Virginia. On Jan. 9. 1865, a State convention assembled at Nashville and proposed amendments to the constitution abolishing slavery and prohibiting the legislative recognition of property in man. The military league with the Confederacy, the ordinance of secession, and all acts of the Confederate States government were an DeWitt C. Senter.... William B. Bate..... Peter Turney.... 66 66 ...... 66 1803 ...... 1809 1815 66 1821 66 April, 1865 Oct., 1869 Termi. 1796 to 1797 1796 * 1805 1797 1798 66 .6 46 1798 1799 to 1815 1805 1809 1809 " 1811 1811" 1814 1814 1815 1815" 1823 1815 1818 FAC-SIMILE OF A NEWSPAPER CUT. Tenure-of-office Act. Late in February, 1867, a bill was passed by Congress limiting the powers of the President in removals from office. It took from the President the power to remove members of stopped in its movements by two trees, his cabinet excepting by permission of the marked, respectively, "Embargo" and Senate, declaring that they should hold "Non-Importation Act." The wondering office "for and during the term of the snake is puzzled to know what has hapPresident by whom they may have been pened, and the head cries out, appointed, and for one month thereafter, the matter, tail?" subject to removal by and with the consent of the Senate." President Johnson vetoed this bill (March 2), when it was passed over his veto and became a law. Ternay, CHARLES LOUIS D'ARSAC, CHEVALIER DE, naval officer; born in Ternay Castle, near Laudun, France, in 1722; entered the French service in 1738; commanded a squadron in the invasion of Newfoundland in June, 1762; resigned in 1772; and in 1779 was governor of Bourbon and the adjacent islands. He arrived at Newport, R. I., as commander of the fleet that brought troops to America under Rochambeau, July 10, 1780, and died there, Dec. 15, 1780. Terrapin War. The opponents of the War of 1812 denounced the embargo acts in unmeasured terms of scorn and ridicule. They called the conflict a "Terrapin War"-the nation, by extinguishing commerce, drawing within its own shell like In 66 What's The latter answers, "I can't get out." A cock, representing France, stands by, crowing joyfully. the late spring and early summer of 1812 a very popular song was sung at all gath erings of the Federalists. The following is a copy: "Huzza for our liberty, boys, These are the days of our glory- Ah! this is true Terrapin war. "Poor Madison the tremors has got, 'Bout this same arming the nation; Too far to retract, he cannot Go on-and he loses his station. Then bring up your regulars,' lads, In attitude' nothing ye lack, sirs. Ye'll frighten to death the Danads, With fire-coals blazing aback, sirs! Oh, this is true Terrapin war! "As to powder and bullet and swords, For, as they were never intended, And drive them headlong in the waters. in the operations against Fort Wagner, and afterwards in the Army of the James, in its operations against Petersburg and Richmond. From May to December, 1864, he commanded the 10th Corps; and in January, 1865, aided by the fleet of Porter, he captured Fort Fisher. For this act he was made major-general of volunteers and Territories of the United States. All brigadier-general, United States army. He the States of the Republic were first afterwards captured Wilmington, N. C., organized as Territories, excepting the and was brevetted major-general. After original thirteen States; Texas, received the surrender of Lee he was in command by annexation; California, admitted di- of Richmond. He was promoted majorrect; and West Virginia, formed from general in 1886, and was retired in 1888. a part of Virginia. There were in He died in New Haven, Conn., Dec. 16, 1905: 122.212 Name. Date of Area in Population Arizona 1863 New Mexico.. 1850 113.000 Hawaii... *1898 Oklahoma.. 1890 *Annexed. 6.740 39,030 398.331 The Territory of Alaska had been partially organized; the Indian Territory was still without a central organization; and the District of Columbia was gov erned by commissioners under direct legislation of Congress. Of the insular pos sessions, the Philippines were given civil government in 1902; Porto Rico in 1900; Hawaii in 1900; Guam, Tutuila, Wake, and other Pacific islands are administered by naval officers. 1890. Terry, SILAS WRIGHT, naval officer; born in Kentucky, Dec. 28, 1842; appointed acting midshipman in the Naval Acad195,310 emy in 1858; was engaged in blockading (1899) 31.019 service on the Atlantic coast in 1861-63; in the Mississippi squadron and on the Red River expedition in 1863-64; and was present during the naval operations at forts Fisher and Anderson, at the capture of Wilmington, and at the fall of Richmond. In January, 1882, while in command of the Marion, he rescued the crew of the bark Trinity, which had been wrecked on Heard Island, in the Indian Ocean, in 1880; and in February, while at Cape Town, saved the English ship Poonah from total loss by hauling her off the beach, for which he received the thanks of the government of both Cape Colony and Great Britain. He was assigned to the command of the Iowa in 1898; detached in September, 1899; appointed to the command of the navy-yard at Washington, D. C., March 24, 1900, and promoted rear-admiral on the 27th following. Terry, ALFRED HOWE, military officer; born in Hartford, Conn., Nov. 10, 1827; educated at Yale College; admitted to the bar in 1848, and practised from 1854 to 1860. He entered the National army as colonel of the 2d Connecticut Volunteers; led the regiment in the battle of Bull Run, retiring in good order when defeat Tesla, NICOLA, electrician; born in was certain, hurrying up the rear of the Smiljan, Croatia, Austria-Hungary, in retreat, and saving a large amount of 1857; graduated at the Polytechnic School government property. Returning home in Gratz; later studied philosophy and and raising the 7th Connecticut Volun- languages at Prague and Budapest; came teers, he was attached to the expedition to the United States and was employed to the coast of South Carolina, under Gen. in the Edison works; became electrician W. T. Sherman, and occupied Hilton of the Tesla Electric Light Company, and Head. He assisted in the capture of Port established the Tesla Laboratory in New Royal and Fort Pulaski, and was placed York for independent electrical research. in command of the latter; and during the He invented the rotary magnetic field summer of 1862 had command of the posts embodied in the apparatus used in the and forts on the eastern coast of Florida, transmission of power from Niagara Falls; having been made brigadier-general of new forms of dynamos, transformers, involunteers in March. He led a division duction coils, condensers, arc and incan. descent lamps, and the oscillator combining steam-engine and dynamo, etc. Test Oath. See OATHS. Tetinchoua, Miami Indian chief; was met by the French traveller Nicolas Rerrot, at Chicago, in 1671, and is described by him as a great chief, having had control of about 4,000 warriors. He was constantly guarded night and day by forty men, and scarcely ever had any personal communication with his people, but issued orders to them through subordinates. He was unable on account of old age to go to the mouth of Lake Superior, where all the country bordering on the lakes was formally claimed by the French, but delegated the Pottawattomies to act for him. It is said that FATHER CLAUDE DABLON (q. v.) met him and his 3,000 Miamis in 1672, but made no converts. TEXAS, STATE OF than 750 white inhabitants in Texas. Texas, STATE OF. The first European sions, and in 1765 there were not more settlement made in Texas was by La Salle, in 1685, by accident. In 1689 Captain De Leon, a Spanish officer, was sent to drive out the French. He found them scattered, and the next year he returned with 110 men and some friars, and on the site of a fort built by La Salle, on Matagorda Bay, established a Spanish mission. A Spanish governor, with troops, was Texas was a part of the Spanish province of Mexico which had declared itself independent of Spain. In 1824, when a considerable number of colonists from the United States were there, the Mexican government united Coahuila, previously a separate state, with Texas, and placed a Mexican as governor over the united states. He treated the Americans there with great injustice, and some of them, engaged in a revolution, were compelled to retreat into the United States in 1827. In 1830 Bustamente, who had made himself dictator of Mexico, issued a decree forbidding the people of the United States to enter Texas as colonists. The American settlers in Texas then numbered about 20,000, and in 1833 they held a convention, determined to separate Texas from Coahuila, prepared a State constitution, and requested Santa Ana, then at the head of the government of Mexico, to admit them as a separate State of the republic. COL. STEPHEN F. AUSTIN (q. v.), representing the American colonists, went to Mexico, where Santa Ana detained him until 1835; during which time-keeping the Texans quiet by promises of compliance with their desires-he prepared to occupy the country with his troops. A committee of safety was created in Texas, which assumed governmental powers. The people armed. sent thither in 1691, but Indian hostilities and menaces of famine caused the settlement to be abandoned in 1693. In 1714 the French again attempted to plant settlements in Texas, under the direction A skirmish took place with some Mexiof Crozat, of Louisiana. Soon afterwards (1715) Spanish missions were planted at various points in the present domain of Texas; the name of "New Philippines" was given to the country, and a governor- governor and lieutenant-governor were general was appointed. The Indians chosen. slaughtered the people at some of the mis cans, near Gonzales, Oct. 2, 1835, and other battles followed. On Nov. 9 a provisional government was formed in a delegate convention, called the "Consultation," and a At the same time SAMUEL HOUSTON SAM HOUSTON, (q. v.), of Tennessee, who had settled in Texas, was chosen commander-in-chief of the forces, and Austin was sent as commissioner to the United States. After San Antonio de Bexar was captured (Dec. 10), the entire Mexican force was driven out of Texas, and on the 20th a declaration of independence was adopted, and issued at Goliad, by Capt. Philip Dimitt and others. Santa Ana, with a well-provided army of 7,500 men, set out for the recovery of Texas. He invested the ALAMO (q. v.), a strong fort near San Antonio, with 4,000 men, and, after bombarding it eleven days, carried it by storm. It was garrisoned by about 170 men, under Capt. W. B. Travis. The whole garrison was massacred (March 6) by order of Santa Ana-only one woman, a child, and a servant were saved. "Remember the Alamo!" was a Texan war cry after that. The Mexicans lost, in the attack, 1,600 men. On March 1 a convention issued a dec laration of independence, and a provisional president (David G. Burnet) was chosen. On the 27th the command of Colonel Fanning, at Goliad, were massacred in cold blood, and successive defeats of the Texans produced a panic. Houston, meanwhile, in order to scatter the Mexican forces, continually fell back, until he reached San Jacinto. There, at the head of a force of 800 troops, he gave battle (April 21, 1836) to about twice that number of Mexicans, and in the pursuit of them killed 630, wounded 208, and took 730 prisonAmong the latter, captured the next day, was President Santa Ana. His force was annihilated. The survivors fled westward in terror. The war was practically at an end. The Mexicans did not again invade Texas. Houston was elected president of the republic (September, 1836). The independence of Texas was acknowl edged by the United States in March, 1837, but Mexico did not give up her claim to it. See ACQUISITION OF TERRITORY; BENTON, THOMAS HART. ers. |