judges of Michigan to lay out a town, including old Detroit and 10,000 acres adjoining; grants to be made of lots to sufferers by the fire.... ...1806 Act of Congress passed granting a confirmation of claims of those who had been possessors of land in Michigan since 1796 1807 Michigan Essay or Impartial Observer, the first paper printed in Detroit, issued Aug. 31, 1809 Memorial presented to Congress setting forth the defenceless condition of Michigan, and praying for aid against the Indians...... .Dec. 27, 1811 Governor Hull issues a proclamation from Sandwich, on the Detroit River, inviting people to come in under the American flag, and promising protection; but extermination to those who joined the British and savages against the United States..... ...July 12, 1812 Lieutenant Hanks, commandant at Fort Mackinac, surrenders to the British July 17, 1812 Battles of Brownstone, Aug. 4, and Maguaga.. ...Aug. 9, 1812 General Hull surrenders Detroit to British under General Brock....Aug. 16, 1812 [The forces for its defence were estimated at about 2,000 men. These, with 2,500 stands of arms, twenty-five iron and eight brass pieces of ordnance, forty barrels of gunpowder, and a large quantity of other military stores, were delivered up to the British without even an attempt to defend them.] Sudden attack upon the United States troops, under General Winchester, at the river Raisin by the British, and massacre of the panic-stricken United States troops by the Indians......Jan. 22, 1813 Naval victory over British fleet of six vessels, under Commodore Barclay, by United States squadron of nine vessels, under Com. Oliver Hazard Perry, off Sister Islands, Lake Erie, near Detroit Sept. 10, 1813 General Harrison takes possession of Detroit..... ..Sept. 29, 1813 Col. Lewis Cass appointed governor of the Territory. . . . . Oct. 29, 1813 Unsuccessful attempt of United States troops, under Colonel Croghan and Commodore Sinclair, to reduce Fort Mackinac Aug. 4, 1814 Special commissioner arrives with the treaty of peace lately concluded at Ghent Feb. 17, 1815 Detroit incorporated as a village..1815 President James Monroe visits Detroit Aug. 13, 1817 By act of Congress Michigan Territory is extended westward to the Mississippi, thus including the present State of Wisconsin .. ....1818 Remains of soldiers massacred at the Raisin River removed to Detroit, and buried with honors of war..Aug. 8, 1818 Steamboat Walk-in-the-water arrives at Detroit, from Buffalo, N. Y., on her first trip...... .Aug. 27, 1818 Congress provides for the election of a delegate to Congress by citizens of Michigan...... Feb. 16, 1819 William Woodbridge elected territorial delegate.... ..Sept. 2, 1819 Treaty with Indians at Saginaw; they cede lands, 60 miles wide, west of Detroit, north to Thunder Bay... ...1819 Expedition under Governor Cass starts out in bark canoes to explore the northwestern lake coast of Michigan May 24, 1820 Treaty with the Indians perfected through Governor Cass; all country within the boundaries of Michigan south of Grand River not before ceded is granted to the United States..... .1821 Congress establishes a legislative council of nine members, appointed by the President out of eighteen elected by the people.... .March 3, 1823 Detroit incorporated as a city.....1824 First legislative council at the council house in Detroit... ......June 7, 1824 Congress grants the governor and council power to divide the Territory into townships and incorporate the same, and increases the legislative council to thirteen 1825 of the United States government to engage in the Black Hawk War May 22, 1832 Congress adds to Michigan the terri tory between the Mississippi River and the Missouri and White Earth rivers, thus including the whole of the present Minnesota, Iowa, and parts of North and South Dakota.... ....June 28, 1834 Governor Porter dies; Stevens T. Mason acting governor..... ..July 6, 1834 Question of southern boundary being agitated, Ohio commissioners, running a line about 12 miles southwest of Adrian, are captured by Michigan troops after several shots... ...April 26, 1835 Michigan having attained a population of over 60,000, a constitutional convention convenes at Detroit........ May 11, 1835 New constitution ratified by the people Nov. 2, 1835 Enabling act for Michigan approved June 15, 1836 Wisconsin Territory formed, compris ing all of Michigan Territory west of Lake Michigan .. .....1836 Convention at Ann Arbor rejects the enabling act, as giving Ohio 470 square miles belonging to Michigan since 1787 Sept. 26, 1836 New convention of delegates at Ann Arbor accepts the enabling act Dec. 14, 1836 After protracted discussion Congress admits Michigan, adding to the State in the upper peninsula 2,500 square miles; act approved.... ....Jan. 26, 1837 Legislature passes an act to provide for the organization and support of primary schools... .....March 20, 1837 Board of seven commissioners of internal improvement appointed by act of legislature... .March, 1837 Meeting of citizens of Detroit friendly to the Canadian patriot cause is held, Jan. 1, 1838. Jan. 5 the schooner Ann is seized, loaded with 450 stands of arms stolen from the Detroit jail, and sails away with 132 men and provisions for the patriots. Meeting of the public to preserve neutrality is held... Jan. 8, 1838 William Woodbridge elected governor November, 1839 Governor Woodbridge, elected United States Senator, is succeeded by James W. Gordon as acting governor.. May 31, 1841 Gen. Lewis Cass nominated for Presi dent of the United States by the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore May 22, 1842 University of Michigan, planned by the governor and people in 1817, established by law, March 18, 1837, and located at Ann Arbor, is opened for reception of students.... ......Sept. 20, 1842 State land office established at Marshall by law, to take charge of and dispose of 500,000 acres granted by Congress April, 1843 James G. Birney, of Michigan, nominated as Liberty candidate for President of the United States.... ...1844 Copper-mining in the upper peninsula of Michigan begun.. Seat of government permanently located at Lansing by act approved .1845 March 16, 1847 Michigan and Wisconsin troops enlisted for the Mexican War leave Detroit by boat for Vera Cruz......April 24, 1847 Capital punishment, except for treason, abolished in the State..... ......1847 Epaphroditus Ransom elected governor November, 1847 Constitution framed by a convention which met at Lansing June 3; adopted by vote of the people........ Nov. 5, 1850 Governor McClelland made United States Secretary of the Interior, Lieut.Gov. Andrew Parsons acting governor March 6, 1853 Maine liquor law passed........ ...1853 State asylum for deaf, dumb, and blind, established by act of legislature in 1848, opens in rented rooms at Flint opened ..... February, 1854 Ship canal around St. Mary's Falls ...1855 Lands granted by Congress to aid in building a railroad from Ontonagon to the Wisconsin State line... ....1856 State reform school at Lansing opened Sept. 2, 1856 State agricultural college at Lansing, established by act of legislature, Feb. 12, 1853, opened for students.....May, 1857 State confers the grant of Congress made in 1856 on the Ontonagon and State Line Railroad Company..... .....1857 State asylum for the insane at Kalamazoo opened for reception of patients..1859 First Michigan Regiment, ready and State school for the blind opened in a leased building at Lansing equipped four days after the President's call, leaves Detroit under orders of the War Department.......... May 13, 1861 State receives from the federal government a grant of 5,891,598 acres of swamp and opposition, confirms grant of 1857 land in Michigan..... ....1868 to the Ontonagon and State Line Rail Sept. 29, 1880 Legislature, after heated discussion All departments of Michigan University road Company, although the road had not open to women. ....1870 been constructed, and limitation of time had long expired.. Constitution amended; all distinction of civil and political rights based upon color abolished; ratified by the people Nov. 8, 1870 Two State relief committees, with headquarters at Detroit and Grand Rapids, for the relief of sufferers by forest fires in northern Michigan, disburse $462,106.30 in cash, and about $250,000 in clothing and supplies from almost every State in the Union, Canada, and abroad October, 1871 Soldiers' monument at Detroit, erected by voluntary contributions from citizens of the State, the corner-stone of which was laid July 4, 1867, is unveiled April 9, 1872 Board of fish commissioners appointed to organize a State fish-breeding estab lishment .1872 Corner-stone of the new capitol at Lansing laid. ...........Oct. 2, 1872 State board of health appointed.. 1873 Commission under legislative authority selects Ionia as the location for a State house of correction..... .....1873 Constitutional commission of eighteen members convenes at Lansing and draws up a constitution.... ...Aug. 27, 1873 State public school for dependent children at Coldwater, organized 1871, is opened for reception of children May 21, 1874 Revised State constitution ratified by people; a separate vote on woman suffrage stands 40,077 for and 135,957 against Nov. 3, 1874 Prohibitory liquor law repealed, and an annual tax imposed on dealers in and manufacturers of liquors..... .1875 ...1881 Michigan reform school for girls at Adrian, opened..... .....August, 1881 Forest fires break out in Huron and Sanilac counties, and burn over some 1,800 square miles of territory, rendering 2,900 families homeless, and destroying 138 lives..... .. September, 1881 Site purchased for State insane asylum near Traverse City...... ....1882 Josiah W. Begole, union or fusion candidate of the Democratic and Greenback parties, elected governor November, 1882 1887 Acts passed to incorporate the Women's Christian Temperance Unions throughout the State ....1887 Ten counties hold local-option elections, and in each case they resulted in prohibition .December, 1887 Secret ballot law, on the Australian ballot system, passed.. ....1889 Edwin B. Wimans, Democrat, elected governor by 183,725 votes; the Prohibition candidate received 28,651 votes 1890 Ex-Senator Thomas W. Palmer, of Detroit, appointed chairman of the national commission of the World's Columbian Exposition.... .June 27, 1890 Henry B. Brown, commissioned assc. ciate justice of the United States Supreme Court, Dec. 30, 1890, is sworn in Jan. 5, 1891 Prof. Alexander Winchell, geologist, born 1824, dies at Ann Arbor.... Feb. 19, 1891 Legislature places all penal and reformatory institutions under a single board, extends the Australian ballot system, and requires Presidential electors to be elect. ed by congressional districts, instead of Jan. 1, 1879 by general State ticket..... ...1891 Constitution amended, striking out article iv., section 47, which prohibits any act authorizing the license for selling intoxi. eating liquors..... ......1876 State insane asylum at Pontiac opened July. 1878 New capitol at Lansing dedicated Grand Army of the Republic reunion opens at Detroit.... .Aug. 4, 1891 Railroad accident at Battle Creek; twenty-six persons killed....Oct. 20, 1893 Ex-United States Senator T. W. Ferry dies at Grand Haven.. Oct. 14, 1896 State tax commissioner established. 1899 MINNESOTA .1794 Heirs of Carver's American wite dispose of their interest in an alleged grant of land in Minnesota to Carver (made by the Naudowessies Indians, May 1, 1767) to Edward Houghton, of Vermont, in consideration of £50,000.... ....1794 Minnesota, one of the northern frontier Northwestern Fur Company builds a States of the Union, containing Lake stockade at Sandy Lake..... Itasca, the source of the Mississippi River, is bounded north by Manitoba and Ontario, of the Dominion of Canada; east by Lake Superior and Wisconsin, south by Iowa, and west by North Dakota and South Dakota. It is limited in latitude from 43° 30′ to 49° N., and in longitude from 89° 29′ to 97° 15′ W. Area, 84,287 square miles, in eighty counties. Population, 1890, 1,301,826; 1900, 1,751,394. Capital, St. Paul. Daniel Greysolon du Luth, a native of Lyons, builds a trading-post at the entrance of Pigeon River, on north shore of Lake Superior (whence the name Duluth) 1678 Father Louis Hennepin ascends the Mississippi from the mouth of the Illinois, passes through Lake Pepin, and reaches the falls, which he names St. Anthony October, 1680 Sieur du Luth, with four Frenchmen and an Indian, in two canoes, from his trading-post reaches a lake whose outlet enters the Mississippi, and on the river he meets Father Hennepin.........1680 Nicholas Perrot erects a fort on Lake Pepin, and takes possession of the Minnesota country in the name of the King of France.... ...May 8, 1689 Le Seur builds a trading-post on an island in the Mississippi, just above Lake Pepin ..1695 Sieur le Seur, on a search for mines in Minnesota, builds Fort l'Huillier on the St. Pierre, now the Minnesota Indiana Territory created, including part of present State of Minnesota..May, 1800 Territory of Upper Louisiana formed, including a large portion of Minnesota March 20, 1804 Minnesota east of the Mississippi a part of Michigan Territory..... ....1805 Lieut. Z. M. Pike, ordered by General Wilkinson to visit Minnesota and expel the British traders, arrives at the site of Fort Snelling, and in council with the Dakota Indians obtains a grant of land for the use of the United States 9 miles square on both sides of the river Sept. 23, 1805 Rev. Samuel Peters alleges, in a petition to Congress, that he has purchased from the Carver American heirs their right to the grant made in 1767............1806 Minnesota east of the Mississippi included in Illinois Territory..... .1809 Part of Minnesota east of the Mississippi becomes a part of Michigan Territory 1819 Barracks erected at Mendota and occupied by a garrison which came from Green Bay, Wis., by the Wisconsin River..1819 Corner-stone of Fort Snelling laid; first called Fort St. Anthony..Sept. 20, 1820 Three Mackinaw boats laden with seed wheat, oats, and pease, leave Prairie du Chien, April 15, 1820, for the Scotch settlement at Pembina, where the crops were destroyed by grasshoppers the previous year. Proceeding entirely by water, except a portage from Big Stone Lake to Lake Traverse, 11⁄2 miles, they arrive at ...June 3, 1820 October, 1700 Jonathan Carver, the first British explorer of Minnesota, arrives at Mackinaw from Massachusetts, August, 1766; Green Bay, Wis., Sept. 18; at Prairie du Chien, Oct. 10; Falls of St. Anthony, Nov. 17; and ascends the Minnesota River to the stream which now bears his name.... ...1766 Pembina... Governor Cass, of Michigan, with an exploring party from Detroit under sanction of the United States government, reaching the Mississippi by Sandy Lake, ascends to Cass Lake.......July 21, 1820 General Leavenworth reports to the commissioners of the land office that the Indians do not recognize grant to Carver in 1767 ... .....1821 First mill in Minnesota, erected under the supervision of the officers of Fort Snelling on the site of Minneapolis.. 1822 Committee on public lands report to the Senate on Rev. Samuel Peters's claim to the Carver grant of 1767; the original deed not being produced, and for other reasons, it is resolved that the petition be not granted..... ......Jan. 23, 1823 First steamboat to navigate the Mississippi from St. Louis to the Minnesota River, the Virginia, reaches Fort Snelling.... .May, 1823 An expedition fitted out by government, in charge of Maj. S. H. Long, discovers that Pembina, the fort of the Hudson Bay Company on Red River, is within the United States. Long erects an oak post on the line, raises the United States flag, and proclaims the territory a part of the United States..... ...Aug. 5, 1823 A colony of Swiss from the Red River settlement establish themselves near Fort Snelling .1827 Henry R. Schoolcraft, with an expedition for exploring the Mississippi, Crow Wing, and St. Croix rivers, reaches the Mississippi by Lake Superior and Sandy Lake, and reaches the source of the west fork in Itasca Lake.. July 13, 1832 Rev. W. T. Boutwell establishes at Leech Lake the first mission among the Indians in Minnesota west of the Mississippi October, 1833 Jean N. Nicollet leaves Fort Snelling to explore the sources of the rivulets that feed Itasca Lake..... ..July 26, 1836 Governor Dodge, of Wisconsin Territory, meets the Ojibways at Fort Snelling, and they cede to the United States the pine forests of the valley of the St. Croix and its tributaries..... .July 29, 1837 River, is included in Iowa, set off in 1838 from Wisconsin, which was set off from Michigan in 1836.... ......1838 By order of Secretary of War, troops from Fort Snelling expel Swiss squatters on the military reservation east of the Mississippi, between St. Paul and the fort May 6, 1840 A log-chapel, erected by Father Lucian Galtier and dedicated to St. Paul (whence the name of the city).... .Nov. 1, 1841 Settlement begun at Stillwater by four proprietors, who erect a saw-mill Oct. 10, 1843 Capt. J. Allen, with a detachment of dragoons, ascends the Des Moines River and crosses to the St. Peter (Minnesota) and Big Sioux rivers.. ....1844 First meeting in Minnesota on the subject of claiming territorial privileges for that part of Wisconsin Territory not included in State constitution adopted March 13, 1848, is held in Jackson's store, St. Paul... ...............July 12, 1848 Convention at Stillwater to consider territorial government.....Aug. 26, 1848 H. H. Sibley, of St. Peter, elected delegate to Congress from Wisconsin Territory not included in the State...Oct. 30, 1848 Extract from the diary of Harriet E. Bishop, first school-teacher in St. Paul: "J. R. Clewett came into Mr. Irwine's house and said, 'My! how this town is growing! I counted the smoke of eighteen chimneys this morning'" winter of 1848 Congress establishes the territorial government of Minnesota; bounded on south by Iowa and Missouri River, west by the Missouri and White Earth rivers, north by the British possessions, and east by Wisconsin, with St. Paul as capital March 3, 1849 Alexander Ramsey, of Harrisburg, Pa., appointed governor of Minnesota Territory, organizes the government at St. Paul June 1, 1849 First legislature, consisting of nine councillors and eighteen representatives, meets at the Central House in St. Paul Sept. 3, 1849 a Act passed to send the Washington Monument Association a slab of red pipe. stone from the Minnesota quarry....1849 St. Paul incorporated as a town November, 1849 Deputation of Dakotas conclude treaty with the United States at Washington, ceding all lands east of the Mississippi... .September, 1837 Minnesota, west of the Mississippi |