(No restrictions as to slavery in the United States armory at Harper's acts establishing these governments.] Ferry, W. Va., abandoned and burned by

Gen. Winfield Scott, in a letter to Mr. its garrison............... April 18, 1861 Seward, submits four plans of dealing United States arsenal seized at Liberty, with the seceding States: First, by con- Mo., by State troops...... April 18, 1861 ciliation, as proposed by Mr. Crittenden Conflict between the 6th Massachusetts or the peace convention; second, collect and mob in Baltimore, Md... April 19, 1861 duties on foreign goods outside the ports President proclaims the blockade of all of the seceding States and blockade them; ports of the seceding States third, conquer the seceding States (which

April 19, 1861 will take 300,000 men) and hold them as Gen. Benjamin F. Butler's command arconquered provinces; or, fourth, say to rives at Annapolis, Md..... April 20, 1861 the seceding States, “ Wayward sisters, go United States officers seized at San in peace”................March 3, 1861 Antonio, Tex., as prisoners of war Thirty-sixth Congress adjourns

April 23, 1861 March 4, 1861 Governor of Arkansas refuses to furnish

quota of militia (one regiment) to UnitNINETEENTH ADMINISTRATION - REPUB- ed States................. April 23, 1861 LICAN, March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1865. John A. Campbell, of Alabama, a

ciate justice of the Supreme Court of Abraham Lincoln, Illinois President. the United States, resigns about Hannibal Hamlin, Maine, Vice-Presi

May 1, 1861 dent.

[Campbell alone of the three Southern State of Louisiana seizes the bullion in justices joined the Confederacy. He bethe New Orleans mint, $536,000, for the came assistant Secretary of War of the Confederate governinent.... March 7, 1861 Confederate States; died 1889.)

John Forsyth, of Alabama, and Martin President Lincoln calls for 42,034 volunJ. Crawford, of Georgia, present creden- teers for three years, and adds 22,714 tials as commissioners of the Confederate men to the regular army and 18,000 to States to the Secretary of State

the navy ......... ...........May 3, 1861

March 12, 1861 United States ordnance stores seized at He declines official intercourse with Kansas City................May 4, 1861 them....................March 15, 1861 Ordinance of secession of Arkansas

Gen. P. T. G. Beauregard summons adopted in convention by 69 to 1 Fort Sumter to surrender . . April 11, 1861

May 6, 1861 Fire opened on Fort Sumter on the President proclaims martial law and morning of................ April 12, 1861 suspends the habeas corpus in Key West,

[First gun fired by Edmund Ruffin, a the Tortugas, and Santa Rosa Virginian, seventy-five years of age.]

May 10, 1861 Fort Sumter surrenders on

Baltimore, Md., occupied by United Sunday, April 14, 1861 States troops..............May 13, 1861 President by proclamation calls for Gen. Geo. B. McClellan, U. S. A., as. 75,000 troops, and convenes Congress for sumes command of the Department of the July 4................... April 15, 1861 Ohio, embracing a portion of West Vir

Governor of North Carolina refuses to ginia .....................May 13, 1861 furnish quota of militia (two regiments) Engagement at Sewell's Point, Va. to the United States....... April 15, 1861

May 18-19, 1861 Forts Caswell and Johnston, of North Ordinance of secession of North CaroCarolina, taken possession of by State lina adopted in convention, vote unani. troops.......

......... April 16, 1861 mous.....................May 21, 1861 Ordinance of secession of Virginia, United States troops advance into Vir. adopted in convention by 88 to 55

ginia and occupy Arlington Heights and

April 17, 1861 Alexandria.................May 24, 1861 Governor of Missouri refuses to furnish Col. E. E. Ellsworth, of the New York quota of militia (four regiments) to the Fire Zouaves, shot at Alexandria, Va. United States............. April 17, 1861

May 24, 1861 Gen. Irwin McDowell, U. S. A., as. Congress authorizes the enlistment of sumes command of the Department of 500,000 men...............July 22, 1861 Northeastern Virginia .......May 28, 1861 Gen. William S. Rosecrans assumes com

Grafton, W. Va., occupied by United mand of the Department of the Ohio States troops..............May 30, 1861

July 23, 1861 Ordinance of secession of the State of Gen. John C. Frémont assumes command Tennessee adopted by the legislature of the Western Department.. July 25, 1861

June 8, 1861 Gen. George B. McClellan assumes comVirginia State troops transferred to the mand of the Division of the Potomac Confederate government. ... .June 8, 1861

July 27, 1861 Engagement at Big Bethel, Va.

State troops of Tennessee transferred

June 10, 1861 to the Confederate government Governor of Missouri calls for 50,000

July 31, 1861 State militia to repel invasion

First (extra) session (thirty-four days)

June 12, 1861 adjourns................... Aug. 6, 1861 Harper's Ferry abandoned by the Con. An act confiscating the property, infederates................June 15, 1861 cluding slaves, of enemies of the United

General Banks arrests George P. Kane, States..................... Aug. 6, 1861 chief of police, at Baltimore

Gen. U. S. Grant assumes command of

June 27, 1861 the District of Ironton, Mo.. Aug. 8, 1861 And police commissioners..July 1, 1861 Battle of Springfield, or Wilson's Creek, Western Department constituted Mo., and death of General Lyon July 3, 1861

. Aug. 10, 1861 Thirty-seventh Congress, first session Kentucky and Tennessee constituted the (extra), assembles..........July 4, 1861 Department of the Cumberland, under

Galusha A. Grow, of Pennsylvania, command of Gen. Robert Anderson elected speaker of the House.

Aug. 15, 1861 [States not represented in the Thirty President by proclamation forbids comseventh Congress: Alabama, Arkansas, mercial intercourse with seceding States Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Caro

Aug. 16, 1861 lina, South Carolina, Texas; from Lou- General Butler captures Forts Hatteras isiana two Representatives were present and Clark, at the entrance of Hatteras from February, 1863; Tennessee was rep- Inlet, with 715 prisoners, and twentyresented in the Senate by Andrew John- five guns..................Aug. 29, 1861 son, and in the House by three members, General Frémont proclaims martial two of them from February, 1863.) law in Missouri, with freedom to the President's first message to Congress of active rebels. .........Aug. 31, 1861

July 4, 1861 [This act was disapproved by the Presi. Engagement at Carthage, Mo., between dent.) the Federals under Col. Franz Sigel and General Grant assumes command of Confederates under General Jackson; southeastern Missouri...... Sept. 1, 1861 Sigel retreats..............July 5, 1861 Advance of the Confederates into Ken.

Senate, by vote of 32 to 10, expels Mason tucky, and capture of Columbus and Hunter, of Virginia; Clingman and

Sept. 3–12, 1861 Bragg, of North Carolina; Chestnut, of Paducah, Ky., occupied by General South Carolina; Nicholson, of Tennessee; Grant........

essee; Grant.....................Sept. 6, 1861 Sebastian and Mitchell, of Arkansas, Gen. George H. Thomas assigned to conHemphill and Wigfall, of Texas

mand at camp “Dick Robinson," east

July 11, 1861 Kentucky................. Sept. 10, 1861 [These Senators had vacated their seats Siege and surrender of Lexington, Mo. at the previous session.]

Sept. 11-20, 1861 Congress authorizes a loan of $250, Bowling Green, Ky., occupied by the 000,000...................July 17, 1861 Confederates.............. Sept. 18, 1861

Battle of Bull Run......July 21, 1861 Gen. 0. M. Mitchel assumes command of

Gen. George B. McClellan ordered to the Department of the Ohio. . Sept 21, 1861 Washington....... .....July 22, 1861 Gen. William T. Sherman supersedes

es

I

General Anderson in the Department of Committee convenes; Mr. Wade, chair. the Cumberland .............Oct 8, 1861 man......................Dec. 20, 1861

Gen. 0. M. Mitchel organizes an expe- Affair at Dranesville, Va.. Dec. 20, 1861 dition for the occupation of east Tennes- Government suspends specie payment see........ ......... Oct. 10, 1861

Jan. 1, 1862 James M. Mason, of Virginia, John Department of North Carolina estabSlidell, of Louisiana, Confederate envoys lished, Gen. A. E. Burnside commander to Great Britain and France, run the

Jan. 7, 1862 blockade of Charleston Harbor, S. C., in Burnside's expedition arrives at Hatthe steamship Theodora, on the night of teras Inlet, N. C............Jan. 13, 1862

Oct. 12, 1861 Engagement at Logan's Cross Roads, Battle of Ball's Bluff, Va.. Oct. 21, 1861 or Mill Spring, Ky.........Jan. 19, 1862 General Scott retires, aged seventy-five Jesse D. Bright, of Indiana, expelled

Nov. 1, 1861 from the Senate on a charge of disloyalty, Gen. David Hunter, U. S. A., relieves by 32 to 14...............Jan. 20, 1862 General Frémont at St. Louis, Mo.

Capture of Fort Henry, Tenn., by forces

Nov. 2, 1861 under General Grant and Commodore Battle of Belmont, Mo.... Nov. 7, 1861 Foote..................... Feb. 6, 1862

British royal mail-contract packet Trent Battle of Roanoke Island, by troops leaves Havana, Cuba, for England, Nov. 7, under command of General Burnside with Mason and Slidell on board; she is

Feb. 8, 1862 stopped by the United States war steamer General Grant assigned to command San Jacinto, Captain Wilkes, and the of District of West Tennessee envoys taken from her...... Nov. 8, 1861

Feb. 14, 1862 Department of Missouri constituted Surrender of Fort Donelson, Tenn., to

Nov. 9, 1861 federal forces under General Grant Department of the Ohio reorganized to

Feb. 16, 1862 include Kentucky and Tennessee, Nov. 9; Nashville, Tenn., occupied by federal Gen. Don Carlos Buell assumes command forces.....................Feb. 25, 1862

Nov. 15, 1861 Congress authorizes $150,000,000 United General Halleck assumes command of States notes, the legal-tender bill the Department of Missouri

Feb. 25, 1862 Nov. 19, 1861 Battle of Pea Ridge, Ark. Second session assembles... Dec. 2, 1861

March 6-8, 1862 President Lincoln's first annual mes. Naval engagement at Hampton Roads, sage to Congress........... Dec. 3, 1861 Va., and destruction of the United States

John C. Breckinridge, Kentucky, ex. frigate Congress and sloop-of-war Cumber. pelled from the Senate......Dec. 4, 1861 land by the Confederate iron-clad Vir.

[He had remained in the Senate until ginia, formerly the United States frigate the end of the previous session.]

Merrimac.................March 8, 1862 Senate resolves that a joint committee Fight between the Merrimac and Moniof three members from the Senate and tor; the Merrimac retires..March 9, 1862 four from the House be appointed to in Advance of the Army of the Potomac quire into the conduct of the war, with to Manassas Junction, Va. power to send for persons and papers, and

March 7-11, 1862 to sit during the session (33 yeas to 3 General McClellan relieved from comnays)..................... Dec. 9, 1861 mand-in-chief, retaining the Army of the

House concurs............Dec. 10, 1861 Potomac................March 11, 1862

This committee consists of Senators Departments of Kansas, of Missouri, Benjamin F. Wade, of Ohio; Zachariah and part of Ohio merged into the deChandler, of Michigan; and Andrew John- partment of the Mississippi under Major. son, of Tennessee, Dec. 17; and Congress. General Halleck.......... March 11, 1862 men Daniel W. Gooch, of Massachusetts; All persons in the service forbidden to John Covode, of Pennsylvania; George W. return escaped slaves to Confederate Julian, of Indiana; and Moses F. Odell, owners, by a new article of war war Democrat, of New York.. Dec. 19, 1861

March 13, 1862 Newbern, N. C., occupied by the Unit- mond to co-operate with General McClel. ed States forces.......... March 14, 1862 lan......................May 17, 1862

Embarkation of the Army of the Po. President approves the homestead act tomac for the Peninsula commenced at

May 20, 1862 Alexandria ..............March 17, 1862 Education of colored children provided

Battle of Kernstown, or Winchester, Va.; for in the District of Columbia by act of Brig.-Gen. James Shields defeats “ Stone.

May 21, 1862 wall ” Jackson.......... March 23, 1862 Battle of Hanover Court-house, Va. Siege of Yorktown, Va., commenced by

May 24, 1862 General McClellan........ April 5, 1862 Corinth, Miss., evacuated by the ConBattle of Pittsburg Landing, Tenn. federates, and occupied by the United

April 6–7, 1862 States forces under Major-General Halleck Island Number Ten, in the Mississippi,

May 30, 1862 evacuated by the Confederates

Battle of Seven Pines, or Fair Oaks,

April 7, 1862 near Richmond, Va..May 31-June 1, 1862 Huntsville, Ala., occupied by the Unit- Maj.-Gen. Robert E. Lee assigned to ed States forces under Gen. 0. M. Mitchel command the Confederate forces about

April 11, 1862 Richmond................June 3, 1862 Bill abolishing slavery in the District President authorized to appoint diploof Columbia passes the Senate April 3, matic representatives to the republics 29 to 14, and the House April 11, 92 to of Haiti and Liberia........June 5, 1862 39; approved............ April 16, 1862 Treaty with Great Britain for the sup

[The average compensation paid by the pression of the African slave-trade government for each slave was $300.]

June 7, 1862 Admiral Farragut with his fleet passes General Butler hangs William MumForts Jackson and St. Philip, the two ford at New Orleans......June 7, 1862 forts guarding the Mississippi below New Battle of Cross Keys, Va..June 8, 1862 Orleans.......

......... April 24, 1862 Battle of Port Republic, Va. Admiral Farragut occupies New Orleans

June 9, 1862 April 25, 1862 Confederate cavalry, 1,500 men, under Gen. B. F. Butler occupies New Or. Gen. J. E. B. Stuart, pass around Army leans with his troops........May 1, 1862 of the Potomac..........June 12–13, 1862

General Magruder evacuates Yorktown, Slavery forever prohibited in the TerVa........................May 4, 1862 ritories..................June 19, 1862

Battle of Williamsburg, Va.. May 5, 1862 Army of Virginia formed and placed Gen. David Hunter proclaims eman- under command of Maj.-Gen. John Pope cipation of slaves, and authorizes arming

June 26, 1862 all able-bodied negroes in Florida, Georgia, Seven days' fighting and retreat of the and South Carolina........May 9, 1862 Army of the Potomac from before Rich

[These orders were not approved by the mond to Harrison's Landing on the James President.)

River.............June 26-July 2, 1862 Norfolk, Va., occupied by United States (Battles fought: Mechanicsville, June forces under General Wool. . May 10, 1862 26; Gaines's Mill, June 27; Savage Sta

Merrimac blown up by the Confeder- tion, June 29; Glendale, June 30; Fraates....

..........May 11, 1862 zier's Farm, or White Oak Swamp, June Department of Agriculture established 30; Malvern Hill, July 1.)

May 15, 1862 Vicksburg canal begun; designed by General Butler issues General Order No. Gen. Thomas Williams to change the 28 at New Orleans regarding the conduct course of the Mississippi and isolate of the women of that city.. May 15, 1362 Vicksburg...... .........June 27, 1862

[This order produced great excitement (General Grant recommenced work on in the South, and, with other acts of the this canal, Jan. 22, 1863, but it proved general, called forth a proclamation from a failure.] the President of the Confederacy. See Act for a railroad and telegraph line Dec. 23, 1862.)

from the Missouri River to the Pacific General McDowell moves towards Rich: Ocean; approved..........July 1, 1862 Office of commissioner of internal rev- vance of General Lee's army and General enue created..............July 1, 1862 Pope..................... Aug. 29, 1862

President Lincoln calls for 300,000 vol. Battle of Manassas, or “second Bull unteers for three years......July 2, 1862 Run," a continuation of Groveton General McClellan's letter to President

Aug. 30, 1862 Lincoln from Harrison's Landing, Va., Kirby Smith, with Bragg's right, adgiving advice on the policy of the gov- vances on Richmond, Ky., and defeats the ernment..................July 7, 1862 L'nion forces..............Aug. 30, 1862

Major - General Halleck commander-in Battle of Chantilly, Va... Sept. 1, 1862 chief......................July 11, 1862 General Pope asks to be relieved from

By resolution Congress provides 2,000 his command of the Army of Virginia, “ medals of honor” for distribution to and transferred to the Department of the non - commissioned officers and privates Northwest................Sept. 3, 1862 who shall distinguish themselves

Joseph Holt, of Kentucky, appointed

July 12, 1862 judge - advocate · general of the United Maj. Gen. John Pope takes command of States........ ......... Sept. 3, 1862 the Army of Virginia ......July 14, 1862 Confederate forces cross the Potomac

Congress authorizes the enrolment of and occupy Frederick City, Md. . the militia between eighteen and forty-five;

Sept. 4-5, 1862 the appointment of a judge-advocate-gen- Department of the Northwest created eral; the President to organize army of Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and the corps at his discretion; persons of African Territories of Dakota and Nebraska ; Gendescent to be admitted to the army; act eral Pope commanding...... Sept. 6, 1862 approved..................July 17, 1862 General Lee issues a proclamation on

Congress authorizes the seizure and entering Maryland. ... ... .Sept. 8, 1862 confiscation of rebel property

Capture of Munfordville, Ky., by the

July 17, 1862 Confederate forces under Bragg Second session adjourns...July 17, 1862

Sept. 14-16, 1862 Ex-President Martin Van Buren dies Harper's Ferry surrenders to “Stoneat Lindenwold, N. Y., aged eighty

wall ” Jackson............ Sept. 15, 1862

July 24, 1862 Battles of South Mountain, Md. President Lincoln calls for 300,000 nine

Sept. 15, 1862 months' militia ............ Aug. 4, 1862Advance of Gen. Kirby Smith appears

[A special draft ordered in States whose before Covington, Ky., but immediately quotas are not filled by Aug. 15.]

retires.................... Sept. 15, 1862 Battle of Cedar Mountain, Va.

Battle of Antietam....Sept. 16–17, 1862

Aug. 9, 1862 Confederate army retreat across the Property in Louisiana belonging to Potomac on the night of John Slidell, Confederate commissioner to

Sept. 18-19, 1862 France, confiscated by order of General Battle of Iuka, Miss.; General RoseButler....................Aug. 11, 1862 crans forces Confederate General Price

Army of the Potomac evacuates Har: to retreat.............. Sept. 19-20, 1862 rison's Landing............ Aug. 16, 1862 Preliminary proclamation of President

Sioux Indians attack the frontier set. Lincoln announcing that in territory still tlements of Minnesota ...... Aug. 19, 1862 in rebellion on Jan. 1, 1863, the slaves

Confederates, under Gen. Braxton Bragg, will be declared forever free invade Kentucky, crossing the Tennessee

Sept. 22, 1862 River at Harrison above Chattanooga Convention of governors from fourteen

Aug. 21-24, 1862 loyal States, with proxies from three Secretary of War directs the military others, meet at Altoona, Pa., and apgovernor of the coast islands of South prove the emancipation proclamation Carolina to enlist 5,000 volunteers of Afri.

Sept. 24, 1862 can descent............... Aug. 25, 1862 General Buell with the United States

[The first permission by the government forces arrives at Louisville, Ky., in adto employ negroes as soldiers.)

vance of the Confederate forces Battle of Groveton, Va., between the ad.

Sept. 25, 1862