32d35th 44th 1861 1866 to 1869 1875 1875 to 1877 44th to 47th 47th 49th 1881" 1886 William B. Bate... 49th " 50th 1886 1888 1888 " /hat's the mar FAC SIMILE OF A NEWSPAPER CUT. 66 Tenure-of-office Act. Late in February, 1867, a bill was passed by Congress limiting the powers of the President in removals from office. It took from the President the power to remove members of stopped in its movements by two trees, his cabinet excepting by permission of the marked, respectively, Embargo" and Senate, declaring that they should hold "Non-Importation Act." The wondering office "for and during the term of the snake is puzzled to know what has hapPresident by whom they may have been pened, and the head cries out, "What's appointed, and for one month thereafter, the matter, tail?" The latter answers, subject to removal by and with the consent "I can't get out." A cock, representing of the Senate." President Johnson vetoed France, stands by, crowing joyfully. In this bill (March 2), when it was passed the late spring and early summer of 1812 over his veto and became a law. a very popular song was sung at all gatherings of the Federalists. The following is a copy: Ternay, CHARLES LOUIS D'ARSAC, CHEVALIER DE, naval officer; born in Ternay Castle, near Laudun, France, in 1722; entered the French service in 1738; commanded a squadron in the invasion of Newfoundland in June, 1762; resigned in 1772; and in 1779 was governor of Bourbon and the adjacent islands. He arrived at Newport, R. I., as commander of the fleet that brought troops to America under Rochambeau, July 10, 1780, and died there, Dec. 15, 1780. Terrapin War. The opponents of the War of 1812 denounced the embargo acts in unmeasured terms of scorn and ridicule. They called the conflict a "Terrapin War"-the nation, by extinguishing commerce, drawing within its own shell like "Huzza for our liberty, boys, These are the days of our glory- Ah! this is true Terrapin war. "Poor Madison the tremors has got, 'Bout this same arming the nation; Too far to retract, he cannot Go on-and he loses his station. Then bring up your regulars,' lads, In attitude' nothing ye lack, sirs. Ye'll frighten to death the Danads, With fire-coals blazing aback, sirs! Oh, this is true Terrapin war! "As to powder and bullet and swords, For, as they were never intended, in the operations against Fort Wagner, and afterwards in the Army of the James, in its operations against Petersburg and Richmond. From May to December, 1864, he commanded the 10th Corps; and in January, 1865, aided by the fleet of Porter, he captured Fort Fisher. For this act he was made major-general of volunteers and brigadier-general, United States army. He afterwards captured Wilmington, N. C., and was brevetted major-general. After the surrender of Lee he was in command of Richmond. He was promoted major Territories of the United States. All the States of the Republic were first organized as Territories, excepting the original thirteen States; Texas, received by annexation; California, admitted direct; and West Virginia, formed from general in 1886, and was retired in 1888. a part of Virginia. There were in He died in New Haven, Conn., Dec. 16, 1905: 122,212 Date of Name. Area in Population Arizona 1863 New Mexico.. 1850 113,000 Hawaii.. *1898 Oklahoma. 1890 *Annexed. 6.740 39,030 398.331 The Territory of Alaska had been partially organized; the Indian Territory was still without a central organization; and the District of Columbia was governed by commissioners under direct legislation of Congress. Of the insular pos sessions, the Philippines were given civil government in 1902; Porto Rico in 1900; Hawaii in 1900; Guam, Tutuila, Wake, and other Pacific islands are administered by naval officers. 1890. Terry, SILAS WRIGHT, naval officer; born in Kentucky, Dec. 28, 1842; appointed acting midshipman in the Naval Acad195,310 emy in 1858; was engaged in blockading (1899) 31.019 service on the Atlantic coast in 1861-63; in the Mississippi squadron and on the Red River expedition in 1863-64; and was present during the naval operations at forts Fisher and Anderson, at the capture of Wilmington, and at the fall of Richmond. In January, 1882, while in command of the Marion, he rescued the crew of the bark Trinity, which had been wrecked on Heard Island, in the Indian Ocean, in 1880; and in February, while at Cape Town, saved the English ship Poonah from total loss by hauling her off the beach, for which he received the thanks of the government of both Cape Colony and Great Britain. He was assigned to the command of the Iowa in 1898; detached in September, 1899; appointed to the command of the navy-yard at Washington, D. C., March 24, 1900, and promoted rear-admiral on the 27th following. Terry, ALFRED HOWE, military officer; born in Hartford, Conn., Nov. 10, 1827; educated at Yale College; admitted to the bar in 1848, and practised from 1854 to 1860. He entered the National army as colonel of the 2d Connecticut Volunteers; led the regiment in the battle of Bull Run, retiring in good order when defeat Tesla, NICOLA, electrician; born in was certain, hurrying up the rear of the Smiljan, Croatia, Austria-Hungary, in retreat, and saving a large amount of 1857; graduated at the Polytechnic School government property. Returning home in Gratz; later studied philosophy and and raising the 7th Connecticut Volun- languages at Prague and Budapest; came teers, he was attached to the expedition to the United States and was employed to the coast of South Carolina, under Gen. in the Edison works; became electrician W. T. Sherman, and occupied Hilton of the Tesla Electric Light Company, and Head. He assisted in the capture of Port established the Tesla Laboratory in New Royal and Fort Pulaski, and was placed York for independent electrical research. in command of the latter; and during the He invented the rotary magnetic field summer of 1862 had command of the posts embodied in the apparatus used in the and forts on the eastern coast of Florida, transmission of power from Niagara Falls; having been made brigadier-general of new forms of dynamos, transformers, involunteers in March. He led a division duction coils, condensers, arc and incan descent lamps, and the oscillator combin- communication with his people, but issued ing steam-engine and dynamo, etc. Test Oath. See OATHS. Tetinchoua, Miami Indian chief; was met by the French traveller Nicolas Rerrot, at Chicago, in 1671, and is described by him as a great chief, having had control of about 4,000 warriors. He was constantly guarded night and day by forty men, and scarcely ever had any personal orders to them through subordinates. He was unable on account of old age to go to the mouth of Lake Superior, where all the country bordering on the lakes was formally claimed by the French, but delegated the Pottawattomies to act for him. It is said that FATHER CLAUDE DABLON (q. v.) met him and his 3,000 Miamis in 1672, but made no converts. TEXAS, STATE OF sions, and in 1765 there were not more than 750 white inhabitants in Texas. Texas was a part of the Spanish province of Mexico which had declared itself independent of Spain. In 1824, when a considerable number of colonists from the United States were there, the Mexican government united Coahuila, previously a separate state, with Texas, and placed a Mexican as governor over the united states. He treated the Americans there with great injustice, and some of them, engaged in a revolution, were compelled to retreat into the United States in 1827. In 1830 Bustamente, who had made himself dictator of Mexico, issued a decree forbidding the people of the United States to enter Texas as colonists. The American settlers in Texas then numbered about 20,000, and in 1833 they held a convention, determined to separate Texas from Coahuila, prepared a State constitution, and requested Santa Ana, then at the head of the government of Mexico, to admit them as a separate State of the republic. COL. STEPHEN F. AUSTIN (q. v.), representing the American colonists, went to Mexico, where Santa Ana detained him until 1835; during which time-keeping the Texans quiet by promises of compliance with their desires-he prepared to occupy the country with his troops. A committee of safety was created in Texas, which assumed governmental powers. The people armed. A skirmish took place with some Mexicans, near Gonzales, Oct. 2, 1835, and other battles followed. On Nov. 9 a provisional government was formed in a delegate con vention, called the "Consultation," and a governor and lieutenant-governor were chosen. At the same time SAMUEL HOUSTON SAM HOUSTON, (q. v.), of Tennessee, who had settled in Texas, was chosen commander-in-chief of the forces, and Austin was sent as commissioner to the United States. After San Antonio de Bexar was captured (Dec. 10), the entire Mexican force was driven out of Texas, and on the 20th a declaration of independence was adopted, and issued at Goliad, by Capt. Philip Dimitt and others. Santa Ana, with a well-provided army of 7,500 men, set out for the recovery of Texas. He invested the ALAMO (q. v.), a strong fort near San Antonio, with 4,000 men, and, after bombarding it eleven days, carried it by storm. It was garrisoned by about 170 men, under Capt. W. B. Travis. The whole garrison was massacred (March 6) by order of Santa Ana-only one woman, a child, and a servant were saved. "Remember the Alamo!" was a Texan war cry after that. The Mexicans lost, in the attack, 1,600 men. On March 1 a convention issued a dec laration of independence, and a provisional president (David G. Burnet) was chosen. On the 27th the command of Colonel Fanning, at Goliad, were massacred in cold blood, and successive defeats of the Texans produced a panic. Houston, meanwhile. in order to scatter the Mexican forces, continually fell back, until he reached San Jacinto. There, at the head of a force of 800 troops, he gave battle (April 21, 1836) to about twice that number of Mexicans, and in the pursuit of them killed 630, wounded 208, and took 730 prisoners. Among the latter, captured the next day, was President Santa Ana. His force was annihilated. The survivors fled westward in terror. The war was practically at an end. The Mexicans did not again invade Texas. Houston was elected president of the republic (September, 1836). The independence of Texas was acknowledged by the United States in March, 1837, but Mexico did not give up her claim to it. See ACQUISITION OF TERRITORY; BENTON, THOMAS HART. Annexation of Texas.-The Southern people were anxious to have the State of Texas annexed to the United States, and such a desire was a prevailing feeling in that sovereign State. The prop osition, when formally made, was opposed by the people of the North, because the annexation would increase the area and political strength of the slave power, and lead to a war with Mexico. But the matter was persisted in by the South, and, with the approbation of Presi dent Tyler, a treaty to that effect was resolution of the Congress and of the signed in Washington, D. C., April 12, Texas ordinance: 1844, by Mr. Calhoun, Secretary of State, and Messrs. Van Zandt and Henderson on Convention: The committee to whom was committed the communication of his Excellency the President of the republic, together with the accompanying documents, have had the same under consideration, and have instructed me to report the following ordinance, and recommend its adoption by the convention. COMMITTEE ROOM, July 4, 1845. the part of Texas. It was rejected by the Hon. Thomas J. Rusk, President of the Senate in June following. The project was presented at the next session of Congress in the form of a joint resolution. It had been made a leading political question at the Presidential election in the autumn of 1844. James K. Polk had been nominated over Mr. Van Buren, because he was in favor of the annexation. The joint resolution was adopted March 1, 1845, and received the assent of President Tyler the next day. On the last day of his term of office he sent a message to the Texas government, with a copy of the joint resolutions of Congress in favor of annexation. These were considered by a convention in Texas, called for the purpose of forming a State constitution. That body approved the measure (July 4, 1845), and on that day Whereas, the President of the United Texas became one of the States of the States has submitted to Texas the first and Union. second sections of the said resolutions as The following is the text of the joint the basis upon which Texas may be ad ABNER S. LIPSCOMB, Chairman. Whereas, the Congress of the United States of America has passed resolutions providing for the annexation of Texas to that Union, which resolutions were approved by the President of the United States on the first day of March, 1845; and |