June 15, 1904 Republican convention at Chicago nominates Roosevelt and Fairbanks June 21, 1904 Democratic convention at St. Louis nominates Parker and Davis July 9-10, 1904 United States protests against seizure of asphalt properties by Venezuela Aug. 1, 1904 Military manœuvres on Bull Run, Va., battle-field began.... .. Sept. 7, 1904 Thirteenth International Peace Conference opened at Boston......Oct. 3, 1904 The New York City subway opened Oct. 27, 1904 Charles Warren Fairbanks, Indiana, Vice-President. United States Senate meets in special session.... ....March 4, 1905 United States Supreme Court decides Northern Securities case in favor of James J. Hill.... ...March 6, 1905 George B. Cortelyou takes office as PostArbitration treaty between France and master-General........... .March 7, 1905 the United States signed.... Nov. 1, 1904 Republican national candidates elected Nov. 8, 1904 Arbitration treaty between Germany and the U. S. signed....... Nov. 15, 1904 All differences between the United States and Panama adjusted by Secretary Taft and President Amador Dec. 2, 1904 Fifty-eighth Congress meets in regular session... .Dec. 5, 1904 Hay's note suggesting a second Hague conference made public.....Dec. 23, 1904 Attorney-General decides that United States laws do not apply to the Panama Canal zone. . . . . ..Dec. 27, 1904 Secretary Hay receives assurance from the powers that they will respect China's territorial integrity at the close of the war Jan. 19, 1905 Secretary Hay publishes a statement as to the United States agreement with Santo Domingo....... .Jan. 22, 1905 Attorney-General Miller decides that 99 per cent. of the duty on imported wheat may be allowed as a drawback on exports of flour.... ...Feb. 1, 1905 A. T. and S. F. R. R. declared guilty of violation of law in making rebates Feb. 3, 1905 Secretary Taft announces indefinite retention of Philippines as the policy of the administration. . . . . . . . . . March 16, 1905 U. S. Senate adjourns without deciding the Santo Domingo problem March 18, 1905 Arrangement made by United States minister Dawson with Santo Domingo for collection of revenues by a United States commissioner.. .March 24, 1905 President Castro refuses United States demand for arbitration of asphalt controversy... ....March 24, 1905 President Castro declares French and Bermudez cable companies in league with revolutionists ... . March 30, 1905 Body of Paul Jones found at Paris April, 1905 Extradition treaty between the U. S. and Norway and Sweden... April 4, 1905 Interstate Commerce Commission to investigate rebates to private car lines May 4, 1905 U. S. Attorney-General decides Congress has power to fix railroad rates, and to delegate that power.... . May 5, 1905 Immigration in 1905 constantly growing; over 12,000 landed.... May 7, 1905 U. S. Supreme Court decides dealing in futures not gambling.... .May 8, 1905 66 ALABAMA Alabama (an Indian word, meaning and occupies the territory, but relinquishHere we rest"), a Southern State of the es her claims north of 31° after tedious Union, the twenty-second in order of ad- negotiations..... ...March, 1798 mission. It lies between lat. 30° 15′ and This region from 31° to 32° 28′ N. lat., 35° N., and between long. 84° 56′ and 88° between the Mississippi and the Chatta48′ W. from Greenwich. Its length north hoochee, is formed by Congress into the to south is 336 miles; its greatest breadth, Mississippi Territory.... ...1798 200 miles; area, 52,230 square miles. Population, 1890, 1,513,017; 1900, 1,828,697. Number of counties, sixty-six. Capital, Montgomery. De Soto leads about 1,000 men from Florida to the Mississippi.......... 1540 France claims all the Mississippi Valley .1697 De Bienville builds Fort St. Louis on the west side of Mobile Bay... ...1702 Colony removed to present site of Mobile ...1711 Fort Toulouse built by French at the confluence of the Coosa and Tallapoosa rivers .. .1714 All the territory now Alabama north of 31° and west to the Mississippi ceded to England by France.. .....1763 [West Florida from 1764 to 1781 included much of the present territory of Alabama and Mississippi. The British province of west Florida was bounded by 32° 28′ N., while all Alabama north of 32° 28′ was in the British province of Illinois.] Spain declares war against Great Britain... ..May 8, 1779 Don Bernardo de Galvez, Spanish gov ernor of Louisiana, captures Mobile March 14, 1780 Great Britain cedes to the United States all territory east of the Mississippi except Florida, the boundary of west Florida being again fixed at 31° N.; and cedes Florida back to Spain by treaties of..1783 Winthrop Sargent, of Massachusetts, appointed by President Adams first governor 1798 [Seat of government, Natchez on the Mississippi.] Spanish garrison at Fort St. Stephen relieved by Federal troops....May, 1799 Washington county, comprising all east of the Pearl River to the Chattahoochee, formed by Governor Sargent...June, 1800 First census of Washington county, showing 733 whites, 494 negro slaves, and twenty-three free negroes.... ..1800 [Mobile not included, being under Spanish rule.] Congress provides a legislature for the Territory ....1800 President Jefferson appoints William C. C. Claiborne, of Tennessee, governor..1801 Georgia cedes to the United States all between the 31st and the 35th parallels for $1,250,000.... ...April 24, 1802 Congress extends the Mississippi Territory to 35° N........ ..1804 Robert Williams, of North Carolina, gov..1805 ernor United States forces occupy Spanish west Florida, and the district east of Pearl River and south of 31° N. is added to the Mississippi Territory......1812-13 A treaty between the federal government and the Chocktaw Indians confirming the cession of the territory obtained by the British from that tribe......Jan. 3, 1786 Georgia claims to include by royal charter what is now Alabama and Mississippi, and creates Houstoun county out of part of Alabama north of the Tennessee River First engagement in the war with the 1785 Creek or Muscogee Indians on Burnt Corn Spain claims west Florida, 32° 28′ N., Creek.... ...July 27, 1813 Spanish garrison at Fort Charlotte (Mobile) surrenders to the United States forces under General Wilkinson.. April 13, 1813 [The whites, under Colonel Caller, repulsed.] Congress authorizes Alabama to form a State constitution......March 2, 1819 Convention at Huntsville to frame a constitution conclude their labors Aug. 2, 1819 First General Assembly at Huntsville, forty-five representatives and twenty-two senators.... ...Oct. 25, 1819 William W. Bibb chosen governor Fort Mimms, a stockade near the east bank of the Alabama River (now Baldwin county), is surprised at mid-day by 1,000 Creek warriors led by Weatherford and the prophet Francis. There were in the fort 245 men with arms, and 308 women and children. After a stubborn resistance till 5 P.M. they are overpowered — about fifty escape.. ..Aug. 30, 1813 Battle of Tallasahatchie (now in Calhoun county). The Indians defeated by General Coffee.... ....Nov. 3, 1813 General Jackson haba .Nov. 9, 1813 Battle of Talladega. defeats the Indians.... 66 Nov. 9, 1819 Joint resolution of Congress admitting Alabama into the Union approved by President Monroe..........Dec. 14, 1819 The seat of government removed to Ca.....1820 Act to establish a State university at Capt. Sam Dale's canoe fight" with Tuscaloosa passed..... .Dec. 18, 1820 [It was not opened until April 18, 1831.] Indians.. .Nov. 12, 1813 Hillabee Town. Massacre of Indians by General White. This attack was made without the knowledge of Jackson Nov. 18, 1813 Auttose towns. Indians defeated by General Floyd and towns destroyed Nov. 29, 1813 Econochoca or "Holy Ground" Indians defeated by General Claiborne Dec. 23, 1813 Battles of Emuckfau and Enotochopco (now in Tallapoosa county). The Indians attack and are repulsed Jan. 22-24, 1814 Calebee River. Indian attack repulsed by General Floyd.. ......Jan. 27, 1814 General Jackson, reinforced, attacks Indians fortified at Great Horse-shoe Bend (Tohopeka) of Tallapoosa River March 27, 1814 [By this, the bloodiest battle of the war, the power of the Indians was destroyed.] State bank established and located at Cahaba ....1820 The principal towns in Alabama were Huntsville, Claiborne, Mobile, Cahaba, St. Stephens, Florence, and Montgomery in .1820 General Lafayette received at the capital ...1824 Seat of government removed to Tuscaloosa .1826 William Weatherford, the Indian warrior and chief at the Fort Mimms massacre, dies in Monroe county........ 1826 University of Alabama (non-sectarian) at Tuscaloosa opened..... ... ...1831 First cotton factory erected in Madison 1832 Creeks cede to the United States all their lands east of the Mississippi for $210,000 by treaty..... .1832 First railroad completed from Tuscumbia to Decatur, 44 miles.... .1834 Cherokees cede their lands to the State by treaty.... .Dec. 29, 1835 [They receive $5,000,000 and 7,000,000 acres beyond the Mississippi-to remove within two years.] Indians by treaty cede to the United States nearly half the present State of Alabama.... ....Aug. 9, 1814 General Jackson captures Pensacola, Fla. Nov. 7, 1814 Chickasaw Indians, by treaty, relinquish all claim to the country south of the Tennessee for $65,000...... Sept. 14, 1816 Territory east of what is now Mississippi organized as the Territory of Alabama.... ...March 3, 1817 William Wyatt Bibb appointed govern- 201 or by Monroe.... Great financial convulsion in......1837 Seat of government removed to Montgomery ....1847 Population of the State about the time of its secession (whites, 526,431; negro slaves, 435,080; free negroes, 2,690)—964..1860 1817 The General Assembly by resolution re Territorial legislature first meets at quires the governor, if a Black RepubSt. Stephens.. ...Jan. 19, 1818 lican be elected President of the United States in November, to order elections of counted, E. H. Moren is declared elected delegates to a constitutional convention and is inaugurated; as ex- officio presiFeb. 24, 1860 dent of the Senate he then counts the Alabama passes an ordinance of seces- votes for governor-R. B. Lindsay, 77,sion by 61 to 39; the fourth State to se- 721; W. H. Smith, 76,292.. Nov. 26, 1870 cede..... .Jan. 11, 1861 Alabama seizes United States arsenal and arms at Mobile, and occupies Forts Morgan and Gaines at entrance of Mobile Bay..... ....January, 1861 Provisional Congress of delegates from six seceded States meet at Montgomery Feb. 4, 1861 Adopt a provisional constitution Feb. 8, 1861 Jefferson Davis inaugurated President of the Confederacy at Montgomery Feb. 18, 1861 Seat of Confederate government removed from Montgomery to Richmond, Va...... ...July, 1861 There were liberated by the emancipation proclamation 435,132 slaves in Alabama... .Jan. 1, 1863 Confederate fleet defeated in Mobile Bay by Admiral Farragut......Aug. 5, 1864 [State furnishes to the Confederate service sixty five regiments of infantry, twelve regiments of cavalry, and twenty-two batteries of artillery. Brewer's History of Alabama.] Mobile evacuated by Confederate forces April 12, 1865 State convention meets and annuls ordinance of secession.... .Sept. 25, 1865 New constitution adopted..Nov. 5, 1865 [This constitution was not ratified until November, 1875.] State admitted to a representation in Congress by act passed over President's veto.... ...June 25, 1868 Under proclamation of Gov.-elect W. H. Smith, June 26, the legislature as sembles and ratifies the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States....... .....July 13, 1868 State turned over to civil authorities by General Meade..........July 14, 1868 Immigration convention meets at Montgomery.... An amicable settlement of dispute after suit to recover books, papers, etc., of the governor's office begun by Governor Lindsay..... .Dec. 7, 1870 Birmingham founded (chief iron centre of Alabama).... ...1871 University of Alabama reorganized and opened.... . Oct. 4, 1871 George Goldthwaite, Democrat, elected United States Senator, Dec. 7, 1870; qualifies..... .Jan. 15, 1872 Legislature passes a new election law, provides for an agricultural college, and adjourns... ...Feb. 26, 1872 State agricultural and mechanical college at Auburn chartered and opened 1872 Election returns of Nov. 5 disputed. Republican members of legislature organize at United States court-house in Montgomery; Democratic members at State capitol, each claiming a constitutional quorum. Governor Lindsay recognizes Nov. 18, 1872 David P. Lewis, Republican, declared elected governor, Nov. 23, and assumes the office, recognizing the court-house legislature... .Nov. 25, 1872 the latter.... Legislative dispute referred to Attorney-General of the United States, who proposes a compromise to take effect Dec. 18, when the Senate organizes at the capitol, the court-house Assembly continuing its sessions...... .Dec. 18, 1872 Pursuant to adjournment, Dec. 21, both Houses meet Jan. 13, 1873, to examine contested seats and transact business independently until a joint resolution passed by the lower House is agreed to, informing the governor of the organization of the General Assembly...... Feb. 1, 1873 Colored labor State convention meets at Montgomery.. Nov. 18, 1873 Constitutional convention meets at .Sept. 6, 1875 New State constitution ratified by 95,672 to 30,004...... .Nov. 16, 1875 Act to fund State debt in new bonds at reduced interest and surrender certain securities held by the State, approved Feb. 23, 1876 .....June 2, 1869 Montgomery..... Governor Smith, claiming majority in State election of Nov. 8, files injunction restraining president of Senate from counting votes for governor Nov. 25, 1870 Votes for lieutenant-governor being |