ELEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF LABOR. 1895-96. WORK AND WAGES OF MEN, WOMEN, AND CHILDREN. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1897. us TABLE I.-Occupations and earnings of women and children, and of men, by industries and States..... 35-513 TABLE II.—Relativo efficiency of women and children and of men engaged in the same occupations, by establishments.. 514-547 TABLE III.-Comparison of earnings of women and children and of men of the same grade of efficiency, by industries..... 548-582 TABLE IV.-Reasons for the employment of women and girls, by States and industries 583-610 TABLE V.-First employment of women and occupations in which employed, by States and industries 611-638 TABLE VI.-Hours per week worked in establishments reporting, by industries 639-645 TABLE VII.-Occupations followed by women and girls, by industries. 646-662 3 4236 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, Washington, D. C., February 1, 1897. SIR: I have the honor to submit herewith the Eleventh Annual Report of the Commissioner of Labor. This report comprehends the results of an investigation relative to the comparative employment of men, women, and children at two periods of time, and is made in accordance with a joint resolution of Congress, approved August 1, 1894. I am very glad to inform you that the Bulletin, issued bimonthly and authorized by Congress in 1895, has proved a most gratifying method of publishing certain classes of information. The reception of the Bulletin has been such that a much enlarged edition is now required. The work now being performed by the Department of Labor is more varied and extensive than at any other period of its existence. The subjects upon which it is now engaged are the following: 1. An investigation relating to the effect of machinery upon labor and upon the cost of production, not only in labor, but in time and money. The field work of this investigation is closed, and the office is at work upon the tabulation and classification of the results. The investigation was ordered by Congress. 2. A report, upon which the Department has been engaged for some time, on wages paid in the leading countries of the world. The facts have been taken entirely from official documents, and will be classified so as to be readily usable. Nearly 1,000,000 entries have already been made. It is hoped to have this report ready before the meeting of the Fifty-fifth Congress. 3. An investigation, which was ordered by Congress, relating to the economic aspects of the liquor traffic. The Department is now in the 5 |