The Hymns of Callimachus

Callimachus was an Alexandrine grammarian and poet. He was a native of Cyrene in Africa. He lived at Alexandria where was a cataloguer of the famous library of Alexandria, from about 260 B.C. until his death about 240 B.C. Among his students were Arostophanes of Byzantium and Apollonius Rhodius Callimachus wrote numerous works on a variety of subjects, but of these only his poems exist, which are characterized by elegance and learning. In his day he was widely admired and later served as a model for Catullus and the Roman elegiac poets, especially Ovid. Regarded as the creator of pastoral poetry, Theocritus was a native of Syracuse and lived in Alexandria. About 30 idylls and a number of his epigrams are extant. His genuine love of the country lends freshness and great beauty to the idylls; his bucolic characters are realistic and alive. He is a master of dramatic presentation, description, and lyrical refinement. He has had many imitators, among them Virgil and Spenser. The surviving works of two other Greek pastoral poets are often included with those of Theocritus: Moschus of Syracuse, who lived in the second century b.c. and Bion, who is best known for his Lament for Adonis. The Andrew Lang translation in prose of these three poets is considered an English classic.