PAL

Palatinate laid waste by the French under
Duras, in 1689, ii. 494. Agaip ravaged ·
by the French under the Duke of Lor-
ges, in 1693, iv. 38.

Palatine Elector (the), his prudent advice
to James II., i. 600.
Paley, Archdeacon, Mr. Gladstone's opi-
nion of his defence of the Church, vi.
330. His reasoning the same as that
by which Socrates confuted Aristode-
mus, 456.

Pallas, the birth-place of Oliver Gold-
smith, vii. 310.

Paoli, his admiration of Miss Burney, vii.
17.

Papacy, its influence, vi. 462. Effect of
Luther's public renunciation of commu-
nion with it, 465.

Papal supremacy, advantages of, in the
dark ages, i. 7.

Paper currency, Southey's notions of, v.
343.

Papillon, Thomas, a Director of the East
India Company; an Exclusionist, iii.
471. Retires from the Direction, 472.
His accusation against Sir Josiah Child,
475. Chairman of the Committee of the
House of Commons in the affair of the
Redbridge, iv. 73.

Papists, line of demarcation between them
and Protestants, vi. 145.

Papists and Puritans, persecution of, by
Elizabeth, v. 166.

Paradise, picture of, in old Bibles, v. 401.

Painting of, by a gifted master, 401.
Paradise Regained, its excellence, v. 13.
Paradiso, Dante's, its principal merit, vii.

616.

Paraphrase of a Passage in the Chronicle

of the Monk of St. Gall, viii. 598.
Paris, rejoicings in, on the report of Wil-
liam III.'s death at the battle of the
Boyne, iii. 303. Influence of its opinions
among the educated classes in Italy, vi.
485. Policy of the Jacobins of, vii. 148.
Their excesses, 149.

Parker, Archbishop, v. 607.
Parker, Samuel, made Bishop of Oxford,

i. 590; ii. 101. Recommended by James
II. for the Presidency of Magdalene
College, 104. Installed in the Presi-
dency, 112. His death, 115.
Parkhurst, Bishop, i. 40.

Parkinson, R., on the population of Man-
chester, i. 267 note.

Parkyns, Sir William, a Jacobite conspi-

rator, iv. 147. His share in the assas-
sination plot, 211. Arms found at his
house, 222. His trial and conviction,
228. Refuses to betray his confederates;
executed, 230.

Parliaments of the 15th century, their
condition, v. 194.

PAR

Parliament, powers of, i. 23. Strength
of Puritans in (under Elizabeth), 48.
Abstains from opposition, 19. Takes
up the question of monopolies, 49.
Eleven years' disuse of, by Charles I.,
68. Called in consequence of the
Scotch war, 75. Dissolved, 75. The
Long Parliament, 76. Its measures;
parties in, 77. Its unanimity at the
outset, 78. Its increased demands on
the King, 87. Its resources at the
commencement of the civil war, 89.
Reverses, 91. Submits to military rule,
94. Dissolved, 103. Parliaments under
Cromwell, 107, 108. The Long, re-
vived; second expulsion, 113. Its re-
turn, 116. And final dissolution, 117.
Convention summoned by Monk; its
meeting, 118. Dissolved by Charles
II., 137. The Parliament of James I.

v. 548, 549. Charles I., his first, 550,
551. His second, 551, 552. Its dis-
solution, 552. His fifth, 562. Effect
of the publication of its proceedings, vi.
20, 27. See Long Parliament.
Parliament (the), of 1640, sketch of its
proceedings, v. 178, 237.

Parliament of 1661, its zeal for royalty,
i. 138. Opposition in, to Charles II.,
151. Deceived by the Cabal; pro-
rogued, 169. Dissolved, 185; iii. 623.
Its servility, 624.

Parliament of 1679 (the first), its vio-
lence against Papists, i. 187. Pro-
rogued, 195. Second Parliament of
1679, 195. Meets; the Exclusion Bill
passed by the Commons, 203. The
Lords throw out the Bill, 203.
Parliament of 1681, summoned to meet
at Oxford, i. 204. Its meeting and dis-
solution, 205.

Parliament of 1685, i. 355. Its attach-
ment to the Court, 375. Meets; pre-
liminary consultations, 397. Elects a
Speaker, 398. Its proceedings regard-
ing religion, 402. Votes supplies, 403.
Attaints Monmouth, 452. Its liberal
supplies to James II., 453. Adjourned,
455. Re-assembles (Nov. 1685), 536.
Opposition organised in, 537, 538.
Majorities against government, 542,
544. Addresses James II. on the Test;
reprimanded by him, 544. Prorogued,
581. Dissolved, ii. 89.

Parliament of 1689 (see Convention)
enters into the question of revenue, ii.
424. Passes the Toleration Bill, 467.
And the Bill for settling oaths, 476.
Petitions William III. to summon Con-
vocation, 486. Addresses the King on
the proceedings of Lewis XIV., 498.
Disputes in, iii. 103. Disputes between
the Houses, 110. Recess, 130. Re-

PAR

assembles, 192. Votes supplies, 193.
Passes the Bill of Rights, 193. En-
quires into naval abuses, 195. Enquires
into the conduct of the Irish war, 196.
Violence of the Whig faction, 201. Im-
peachments, 202. Appoints the "Mur-
der Committee," 203. Prorogued, 219.
Dissolved, 220.

Parliament of 1690, its meeting, iii. 237.
Settles the revenue, 239. Passes a Bill
declaring the Acts of the last Parlia-
ment valid, 247. Passes the Act of
Grace, 252. Prorogued, 255. Re-
assembles, 355. Grants supplies; ap-
points Commissioners to examine ac-
counts; debates on ways and means,
356. Question of Irish confiscations,
357. Question of proceedings against
Lord Torrington, 358. Reassembles
in October 1691, 459. Grants sup-
plies; debates on official fees and
salaries, 460-462. Debates on the
settlement of Ireland; question rela-
tive to the Treaty of Limerick, 462-
464. Debates on the East India trade,
465. Passes resolutions on the sub-
ject, 479. Bill brought in, but de-
feated by the Company, 480. Petitions
William III. to dissolve the Company,
481. Debates on the Bill for regu-
lating Trials for High Treason, 481-
484. Discussion on the Lords' amend-
ment, 485-488. The Bill dropped, 488.
Enquires into Fuller's allegations of a
plot, 504. Session of 1692, 595. Par-
ties in, 595. Question of privilege in
the Lords, 596. Debates on the state
of the nation; the Grand Committee of
Advice, 597. Enquires into naval ad-
ministration, 598-600. Revival of the
Bill for regulating Trials for Treason,
602. Resumed debate on the India
trade, 606. Votes supplies, 607. Regu-
lates the Land Tax, 608. Dispute be-
tween the Houses, 609. Raises money
by loan, 616. Question of Parlia-
mentary Reform, 621. Becomes un-
popular, 624-625. Debates on the
Place Bill, 626, 628-630. On the
Triennial Bill, 630-632. Secresy of
debates, 633. Burns Burnet's Pastoral
Letter, 641. Addresses William III.
on the state of Ireland, 648. Debates
on naval miscarriages, iv. 69, 70. On
the trade with India, 72. On the regu-
lation of Trials for High Treason, 75.
On the Triennial Bill, 75. On the
Place Bill, 77. Excitement in, on
William III.'s employment of the Veto,
79. Representation to the King; his
reply, 79. Reaction in the King's fa-
vour, 80. Debates on the Bill for the
Naturalisation of Foreign Protestants,

PAR

81-82. Debates on Supply, 83. Ways
and Means, 84. Debates on the Bank
of England Bill, 92-94. Prorogued,
96. Meets in November, 1694, 111.
Debates on the Lancashire prosecutions,
113. Resumed debates on the Bills of
the last session, 115. Abolishes the
censorship of the press, 124. Enquires
into official corruption, 128. Expels
Sir John Trevor from the Speakership,
132. Impeachment of the Duke of
Leeds, 137, 139. Dissolved, 176.
Parliament of 1695, assembles, iv. 198.

Debates on the Currency, 200-202.
On the Bill for regulating State Trials,
203, 204. Proceedings on the grant of
Crown Lands in Wales to the Duke of
Portland, 205, 206. Proceedings on
the assassination plot, 221, 222. "The
Association," 221, 232–235. Debates
on the Bill for the Regulation of Elec-
tions, 236, 237. On the Bill for a Land
Bank, 238. Reassembles, 264. Loyal
resolutions, 266. Proceedings touching
Fenwick's confession, 275, 276. Com-
mons' debates on the Bill for Fenwick's
Attainder, 277-285. Lords' debates,
288-293. Debates on the Bill for re-
gulating Elections, 298-300. On the
Bill for the Regulation of the Press,
300. Abolishes the privileges of White-
friars and the Savoy; its close, 303.
Meets in Dec. 1697, iv. 342. Loyal
address of the Commons to the King,
343. Resolution for the reduction of
the army, 343.
Ineffectual attempt to
rescind the resolution, 348. The army
reduced to 10,000 men, 348. Liberal
provision for the navy; fixed income
for the King, 349. Provides securities
against conspiracies and disaffected
persons, 350. Ways and means; pro-
posed resumption of crown property
granted to the King's Dutch servants,
353, 356. The motion defeated, 357.
Debates on charges of fraud against
Montague, 357-359. Bill of Pains
and Penalties against Charles Dun-
combe, 360. Rejected by the Lords,
366. Dispute between the Houses,
367. Length of the session; commercial
questions, 367. Endeavour to prevent
smuggling by severe penalties, 369.
Addresses to the King for the protection
of the English woollen manufactures
against Irish competition, 373. Debates
on the revocation of the East India
Company's Charter, 376. On Mon-
tague's proposal of a General Company,
377. Debate in the Lords; prorogation,
378. Steady support of Government by
the Parliament of 1695, 421.
Parliament of 1698, strength of parties in,

iv. 425.

PAR

Discontent at William III.'s
delay in Holland, 436. Choice of a
Speaker, 437, 438. Election of Sir
Thomas Littleton, 438. Resolution for
the reduction of the army to 7,000, 440.
Failure of the Ministry to rescind the
resolution, 444. Variance between the
House of Commons and the Ministry,
449-451. Tyrannical conduct of the
House, 453. The Bill for disbanding
the Army passes the Commons, 453.
Debate in the Lords; the Bill passed,
454. Resolution carried in the Lords
in favour of retaining the Dutch guards,
457. William's message to the Com-
mons, 459. The previous question
carried, 460. Address to the King,
460.

Discussion on naval administra-
tion, 461, 462. Clause for the appoint-
ment of Commissioners to take account
of property forfeited in Ireland; the
Lords demur, 463. Prorogation, 464.
Proceedings on the establishment of the
Scottish Company for colonizing Darien,
488. Assembles in Nov. 1699, 513. In-
temperate address of the Commons to
the King, 514. Attack on Somers, 514.
On Burnet, 516. Second attack on
Somers, 518, 519. Proceedings on the
report of the Commissioners on Irish
forfeited estates, 524. Remuneration
to the Commissioners who signed the
report, 525. Sir Richard Levinge sent
to the Tower; the Resumption Bill,
526. Extravagant grants to the Duke
of Ormond, 528. The Resumption Bill
tacked to the Land Tax Bill; indig-
nation in the House of Peers, 529.
Amendments carried by them; rejected
by the Commons, 530. Conferences
between the Houses, 533, 534. The
Lords give way and pass the Bill, 535.
Motion in the Commons for the removal
of Lord Somers from office, 536. Its
defeat, 537. Prorogation, 538. Disso-
lution, 549.

Parliament of Ireland, summoned by

James II., in 1689, ii. 558. Passes the
Toleration Act, 560. Confiscates the
property of Protestants, 561.
Parliament, Irish, of 1692, assembles;
its composition and limited powers, iii.
646. Rejects the Act of Settlement;
appoints Committee of Grievances,
647.

Parliament, Scotch, constitution of, i. 73.
Parliament of 1685; its subserviency to
James II., 385. Enacts the statute
against conventicles, 386. Assembles
in 1686, 613. Its refractory spirit, 614.
Representatives of towns, 615. Ad-
journed, 617. The Parliament of 1689,
factions in, iii. 78. Passes the Act of

PAT

Incapacitation, 80. Refuses supplies,
81. Adjourned, 92. Reassembles in
1690, 336. Factiousness and venality
of the leading statesmen, 336. Govern-
ment obtains a majority, 337. Votes
supplies, 338. Restores the ejected
Presbyterian ministers, 339. Settles
the Church constitution, 339, 341. Set-
tles the question of Church patronage,
342. Adjourns, 347. Reassembles in
1693, 654. Its unexpected moderation
655. Meets in 1695, iv. 149. Proceed
ings in regard to the Glencoe massacre.
150-152. Votes supply, 155. Meets
in the autumn of 1696; passes Acts for
the security of Government; Act for
the settling of Schools, 306. Passes an
Act incorporating a Company to carry
out Paterson's scheme, 482. Powers
given to the Company, 482.
Parliamentary government, its advantages
and disadvantages, vii. 377.
Parliamentary opposition, its origin, v.
543.

Parliamentary reform, vii. 218. Speeches
on, viii. 11, 26, 39, 51, 63, 79.
Parr, Dr., vi. 630.

Parties, analogy in the state of, in 1704

and 1826, vii. 74. State of, in the time
of Milton, v. 40. In England in 1710,
676-681. Mixture of, at George II's
first levee, after Walpole's resignation,
vii. 207.

Partition Treaty, the first, iv. 426. Un-
reasonable outery against, 427-431.
The second Partition Treaty, 469.
Partridge, his wrangle with Swift, vii.
89.

Party, illustration of the use and abuse of,
vii. 254. Power of, during the Refor
mation and the French Revolution, v.
593.

Pascal, Blaise, i. 568; vi. 318,459.
Pasquinades, ii. 85.

Paterson, William, his plan of a Na-
tional Bank, iv. 91. His fruitless pro-
jects, 476. His intimacy with Fletcher
of Saltoun, 477. Popularity of his
schemes, in Scotland, 478. Proposes
the colonisation of Darien by Scotland,
480-482. His examination before the
House of Commons, 489. His obstinate
self-delusion, 490. Sails for America,
491. His disastrous failure, 498.
Patrick, Simon, preacher at St. Paul's,
Covent Garden, i. 259. Takes part in
the conference with Roman Catholic
divines, 638. His share in resisting
the reading of James II.'s Declaration,
ii. 149, 150. A member of the Eccle-
siastical Commission, iii. 172. Em-
ployed to rewrite the Collects; his
style, 176 and note. Made Bishop of

PAT

Chichester, 184. Translated to the See
of Ely, 400.

Patriots" (the), in opposition to Sir R.
Walpole, vi. 25. Their remedies for

State evils, 30.
Patronage, effect of, on literature, v. 105.
Patronage of literary men, v. 370. Less
necessary than formerly, 371, 373.
Paul IV., Pope, his zeal and devotion, vi.
467, 471.

Paulet, Sir Amias, vi. 148.

Paulician theology, its doctrines and pre-
valence among the Albigenses, vi. 462.
In Bohemia and the Lower Danube, 463.
Pauperism, diminution of, i. 328, 329 n.
Pausanias, his insanity, viii. 692.
Pauson, the Athenian painter, viii. 582.
Payne, Neville, a Jacobite agent, iii. 333.
Flies to Scotland, 346. Seized and ex-
amined by torture; his firmness, 347.
Peacham, Rev. Mr., his treatment by
Bacon, vi. 171, 174.

Pearson, John, Bishop of Chester, i. 259.
His death, 590.

Pechell, Dr. John, Vice-Chancellor of
Cambridge University, ii. 96. Behaviour
of Jeffreys to, 97.
Peculiars, Court of, i. 591.

Peel, Sir Robert, remarks on his past con-
duct and present position, viii. 168.
Peers, new creations of, v. 200. Impolicy
of limiting the number of, vii. 118.
Question of their sterility, as a class, v.

492.

Peiræus, disreputable character of, viii.

582.

Pelham, Henry, Parliamentary corruption

under, iii. 230. His character, vi. 33.
His death, 58.

Pelhams (the), their ascendency, vi. 31.
Their accession to power, 55. Feeble-

ness of the opposition to them, 55. See
also Newcastle, Duke of.

Pemberton, counsel for the bishops, ii.
170, 172.

Pembroke, Thomas Herbert, Earl of, col-

lects the Wiltshire Militia to oppose
Monmouth, i. 461. Removed from the
Lord Lieutenancy of Wiltshire, ii. 131.
Present at the Coronation of William
and Mary, 490. Placed at the head of
the Admiralty, iii. 232. One of the
Council of Nine, 269. Appointed Lord
Privy Seal, 508. Appointed one of the
Lords Justices, iv. 141. His part in the
debate on Fenwick's attainder, 290, 292.
English negotiator at Ryswick, 312.
Appointed President of the Council,
465. Joins in the resistance of the
Peers to the Resumption Bill, 530.
Pendergrass warns Portland of the assas-
sination plot, iv. 217. His interview with
William III., 218. His evidence, 224.

PET

Peninsular War, Southey's, v. 333.
Penn, William, i. 393. His influence with
James II., 394. His high reputation,
395. His character, 395, 396. Con-
ducts the bargain for the ransom of the
Taunton young ladies, 509 and note.
His presence at the execution of Cor-
nish, 518. At the burning of Elizabeth
Gaunt, 518. His services to James II.,
ii. 50. His proposal of equivalents, 63.
At Chester, 105. Negotiates with the
Fellows of Magdalene College, 108, 109
and note, 110 and note. Advises a
Jacobite invasion of England, iii. 261.
Examined by the Privy Council, 270.
Held to bail, 270. Takes part in a
Jacobite conspiracy, 363. Informed
against by Preston, 383. Warrant is-
sued against, 386. His flight; his in-
terview with Lord Sidney, 390, 391.
Pardoned; his faithlessness, 391.
Penne, George, i. 511 note.
Penseroso and Allegro, Milton's, v. 10.
People, the, comparison of their condition
in the 16th and 19th centuries, v. 359
et seq. Their welfare not considered in
partition treaties, 648.

Pepys, Samuel, his report on the English
Navy, i. 235, 239 note. His account of
Bristol, 262. His travelling adventures,
292. His administration of the Admi-
ralty, 349; ii. 238. Examined as wit-
ness against the bishops, 174. His
praise of the Triple Alliance, vi. 276

note.

Pepysian Library, ballads in, i. 226 note;
266 note, 490 note, 601. Maps of

London in, 275 note. MSS. in, 476 note.
Pericles, his distribution of gratuities
among the members of the Athenian
tribunals, vi. 193. His eloquence, viii.
669.

Périer, M., translator of the works of
Machiavelli, v. 46.

Persecution, religious, in the reign of

Elizabeth, v. 166, 167. Its reactionary
effects upon churches and thrones, 178.
In England during the progress of the
Reformation, 596.

Personation, Johnson's want of talent for,
v. 536.

Personification, Robert Montgomery's pen-
chant for, v. 383.

Perth, James Drummond, Earl of, Chan-
cellor of Scotland, i. 609. Apostatises,
609. Supports the policy of James II.,
615, 619. Retires from Edinburgh,
ii. 351. His attempted flight, 352.
Raised to the Dukedom, by James III.,
v. 544.

Peshwa, authority and origin of, vi. 583.
Peter the First, Czar of Muscovy, his visit
to England, iv. 381. Surprise excited by

PET

his character, 384. His passion for
maritime pursuits, 384. Interest felt
for him in England; his intercourse
with William III., 385. Lodges at
Deptford, 386. His interviews with

Burnet; his filthy habits, 387. Visits
Portsmouth; his departure, 387.
Peterborough, Henry Mordaunt, Earl of,
author of Halstead's "Succinct Gene-
alogies," i. 204 note. Converted to

Popery, ii. 27. Appointed Lord Lieu-
tenant of Northamptonshire, 133. His
suit against Williams, 144. Impeached,
iii. 203.

Peterborough, Earl of, his expedition to
Spain, v. 662. His character, 662, 672,
673. His successes on the north-east
coast of Spain, 665-669. His retirement
to Valencia thwarted, 671. Returns to
Valencia as a volunteer, 671. His re-
call to England, 672.
Pétion, the Girondist, vii. 143.

Saint

Just's speech on his guilt, 156. His
unfortunate end, 150.

"Petition of Right," i. 67. Enactment of
the, v. 552. Violated by Charles I., i.
68; v. 552.

restorer of polite

Petrarch, v. 8. The first
letters into Italy, 52 Interest excited
by his loves, 417. Influence of his
poems on the literature of Italy, viii.
602, 603. Criticism on the works of,
619. Celebrity as a writer, 619. Causes
of this, 620. Extraordinary sensation
caused by his amatory verses, 622.
Causes co-operating to spread his re-
nown, 622. His coronation at Rome,
623. His poetical powers, 624. His
genius, 625. Paucity of his thoughts,
626. His energy when speaking of the
wrongs and degradation of Italy, 626.
His poems on religious subjects, 627.
Prevailing defect of his best composi-
tions, 627. Remarks on his Latin writ-
ings, 629.

Petre, Father, i. 569.

Refused a dispen-
590. Tyrconnel's

sation by the Pope,
intrigues with, 643. A privy councillor,
ii. 125.

Petty, Sir William, i. 221 note. His
Political Arithmetic, 264 note. One of
the founders of the Royal Society, 320.
His statement of labourers' wages, 324.
His settlement at Kenmare, ii. 505.
Phalaris, Letters of, controversy upon
their merits and genuineness, vi. 319,
323. Sir W. Temple's opinion of them,
vii. 285. Their worthlessness shown by
Bentley, 286.

Philarchus for Phylarchus, v. 506.
Philip II., of Spain, extent and splendour
of his empire, v. 639 et seq.
Philip III. of Spain, his accession, v. 655.

PIT

His character, 655, 659. His choice of
a wife, 659. Is obliged to fly from Ma-
drid, 668. Surrender of his arsenal and
ships at Carthagena, 670. Defeated at
Almenara, and again driven from Ma-
drid, 673. Forms a close alliance with
his late competitor, 681. Quarrels with
France, 681. Value of his renunciation
of the crown of France, 681, 682.
Philip le Bel, vi. 463.

Philips, John, author of the Splendid
Shilling, vii. 77. Specimen of his poetry
in honour of Marlborough, 77. The
poet of the English vintage, 238. His
monument refused admission into West-
minster Abbey, v. 117.

Philips, Sir Robert, vi. 188.
Philip's Norton, skirmish at, i. 466.
Phillipeaux, Abbé, his account of Addi-
son's mode of life at Blois, vii. 65.
Phillipps, Ambrose, vii. 85.
Philosophy, ancient, its characteristics, vi.
204, 206. Its stationary character, 209.
220. Its alliance with Christianity, 209,
210 Its fall, 210, 212. Its merits com-
pared with the Baconian, 220, 222. Rea-
son of its barrenness, 233, 235.
Philosophy, moral, its relation to the
Baconian system, vi. 225.

Philosophy, natural, the light in which it
was viewed by the ancients, vi. 204,
211. Chief peculiarity of Bacon's, 203,
205.

Pilgrimages, advantages of, i. 6. From
England to Rome, 7.

Pilgrim's Progress, Bunyan's, history of
the, vii, 305. Its fame, 308. Attempts
to improve and imitate it, 309.
Pilnitz, League of, effect of the, vii. 141.
Pindar and the Greek drama, v. 12.
Piozzi, Mrs., vii. 350, 352.
Piracy in the Indian Ocean, iv. 509.
Pisistratus, Bacon's comparison of Essex
to him, vi. 160. His eloquence, viii.
668.

See

Pitt, William, Earl of Chatham.
Chatham, Earl of.
Pitt, William, son of the preceding, in-
stance of his disinterested patriotism,
iv. 449. His admiration for Hastings,
vi. 617, 624. His asperity towards
Francis, 618. His speech in support of
Fox's motion against Hastings, 623,
626. His motive, 627. His eloquence,
630. His combination with Fox against
Addington, 640. Popular comparison
of, with Mr. Canning, v. 617.
birth and early life, vii. 357, 358. His
preceptor Pretyman, 360. His fond-
ness for mathematics, 360. His know-
ledge of Greek and Latin, 361. And
of modern literature, 361. His delight
in oratory, 361. Studies the law, 363.

His