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"Although this general tariff is to serve alfo for all our ports fituated on the Black Sea, and the Sea of Azoph, we however diminish in the faid ports, by one fourth part, the duties fixed in this tariff, in order to encourage commerce for the utility of our fubjects, and of the nations with which we fhall ftipulate reciprocal advantages in this respect, in compenfation for the privileges which thofe nations fhall grant to our commerce; excepting, however, from this diminution, the merchandize fpecified by name in the prefent tariff, as liable to pay the fame duties in the ports of the Black Sea, as in the other cuftom-houfes of our empire, as alfo thofe for which the present tariff fixes particular duties in the ports of the Black Sea."

ART. IV. The prefent arrangement of commerce, on which Their Majefties the King of Great Britain and the Emprefs of all the Ruffias are agreed, and by which they confirm the whole of the Treaty of 1766, the alterations above agreed upon excepted, fhall fubfift and be obliga. tory during the space of fix years, this term being fully fufficient for coming to a definitive agreement on all the ftipulations of a new treaty of commerce, calculated to perpetuate and to extend the advantages of their refpective fubjects. The high contracting parties engage, in confequence of this act, to provide, in the most effectual manner, and according to the forms established in each of the two countries, for the entire execution of all that is ftipulated, without the least restriction.

ART. V. His Britannick Majefty, and Her Imperial Majesty of all the Ruffias, engage to ratify the prefent act; and the ratifications thereof fhall be exchanged within the fpace of three months, or fooner if it can be done, reckoning from the day of fignature.

In witnefs whereof, we the under-figned Plenipotentiaries of their Majefties the King of Great Britain and the Emprefs of all the Ruffias, have figned the prefent convention, and have caused it to be fealed with

our arms.

Done at London, the twenty-fifth day of March, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-three.

S. Comte de WORONZOW.

(L. S.)

Convention between His Britannick Majesty and the Emprefs of Russia. Signed at London, the 25th of March, 1793.

THE perfons who have exercised the powers of government in France, after having plunged their own country into the most dreadful miferies, having adopted towards the other powers of Europe meatures equally unjust and offenfive, conducting themselves in that refpect by principles incompatible with the fecurity and tranquillity of all independent ftates, and even with the exiftence of all focial order; and having actually rendered themselves guilty of the moft unjust and injurious aggreffion, by laying an embargo on all the British and Ruffian fhips which were in the ports of France; an aggreffion followed by a declaration of war against his Britannick Majefty, and His Ally the Republic of the United Provinces; their Majefties the King of Great Britain, and the Empress of all the Ruffias, have thought proper to concert together upon the means of oppofing a fufficient barrier to the dangers which threaten all Europe, in confequence of fuch principles, views, and conduct.

Their Majefties have therefore authorised their respective Ministers, to wit, the King of Great Britain, the Most Illuftrious and Moft Excellent Lord William Wyndham, Baron Grenville of Wotton, one of His Majefty's Privy Council, and his Principal Secretary of State for the Department of Foreign Affairs; and her Majefty the Emprefs of all the Ruffias, the Moft Illuftrious and Moft Excellent Lord, Count Simon de Woronzow, Lieutenant-General of Her Imperial Majesty's Armies, her

Envoy Extraordinary and Minifter Plenipotentiary to the King of Great Britain, and Knight of the Orders of St. Alexander Newsky, of the Military Order of St. George of the Third Clafs, and of St. Vlademir, Grand Crofs of the First Clafs: Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, have agreed to the following Articles:

ARTICLE I. Their Majefties, in conformity to the ancient ties of friendship by which they and their auguft predeceffors have been united, and which they are defirous of cultivating and extending as much as poffible, will exert all their endeavours, and will concert together ultimately for affifting and fuccouring each other mutually, in the course of the prefent war, in order to procure for themfelves, at the peace, that fatisfaction and fecurity which they have a right to expect, and to guaranty for the future the public tranquillity and fecurity of Europe.

ART. II. For this end, their Majefties engage to employ their refpective forces, as far as the circumftances in which they may find themselves fhall permit, in carrying on the juft and neceffary war in which they are engaged against France: and they reciprocally promife not to lay down their arms but by common confent, without having obtained reftitution of all the conquests which France may have made upon either of their faid Majefties, or upon fuch other of the powers, friends or allies of their fard Majefties, to whom they fhall judge proper to extend this guaranty, by common confent.

ART. III. Their faid Majefties reciprocally engage to fhut all their ports against French fhips; not to permit the exportation, in any cafe, from their faid ports for France, of any military or naval ftores, or corn, grain, falt meat, or other provifions; and to take all other measures in their power for injuring the commerce of France, and for bringing her, by fuch means, to juft conditions of peace.

ART. IV. Their Majefties engage to unite all their efforts to prevent other powers, not implicated in this war, from giving, on this occafion of common concern to every civilized ftate, any protection whatever, directly or indirectly, in confequence of their neutrality, to the commerce or property of the French, on the fea, or in the ports of France.

ART. V. Their Majefties, defiring mutually and ardently to confirm and confolidate, as much as possible, the friendship and union now fubfifting between them, and to protect and extend the commerce between their respective fubjects, will authorise their minifters to proceed withbut delay, to the formation of a definitive arrangement for a treaty of alliance and commerce. In the mean time, and until that happy work can be effected, they have agreed to renew, provifionally, the treaty of 1766, by a preliminary agreement of the fame date with this convention, and exchanged in like manner between the above-mentioned Minifters. ART. VI. His Britannick Majefty and Her Imperial Majesty of all the Ruffias, engage to ratify the prefent convention; and the ratifications thereof fhall be exchanged in the fpace of three months, or fooner, if it can be done, to be computed from the day of the signature.

In witnefs whereof, we the undersigned Plenipotentiaries of their Majefties the King of Great Britain and the Emprefs of all the Ruflias, have figned the prefent convention, and have caused the feals of our arms to be affixed thereto.

Done at London, this twenty-fifth of March, in the year one thousand feven hundred and ninety-three.

S. Comte WORONZOW. (L. S.)

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Treaty between His Britannick Majefty and the Landgrave of Heffe Caffel. Signed at Caffel, the 10th of April, 1793.

BE it known to those whom it may concern, that His Majesty the King of Great Britain, and His Serene Highnefs the Landgrave of Heffe Caffel, in confideration of the frict ties which unite the intereft of their respective houfes, and having judged that, in the prefent fitua tion of affairs, it would contribute to the reciprocal welfare of Great Britain and of Heffe, to cement and ftrengthen, by a new treaty of alliance, the connection which fubfifts between them; His Britannick Majefty, in order to regulate the objects relative to this alliance, has thought proper to fend to Caffel the Right Honourable Thomas Earl of Elgin, and of Kinkardine, Baron Bruce of Kinrofs, His Minister Plenipotentiary; and His Serene Highness has nominated, on his part, for the fame purpose, the Baron Maurice Frederick of Munchaufen, his actual Minifter of State, Privy Counsellor, and Knight of the Order of the Golden Lion, and his Director of the College and Treafury of War, and John Francis Kunckel, Privy Counfellor of War: Who, being furnished with the neceffary full powers, have agreed to take for bafis of the prefent Treaty, the Treaties which were formerly concluded between Great Britain and Heffe, to adopt fuch parts of them as may be applicable to the prefent circumftances, or to fettle by new articles thofe points which it may be neceffary to regulate otherwife. Every thing, which shall not otherwise be settled, shall be deemed fubfifting in full force, in the manner expreffed in the above-mentioned Treaties; and, as it is not poffible to fpecify each particular cafe, every thing which fhall not appear to be determined in a precife manner, either in the prefent Treaty, or in the former Treaties, fhall be fettled with equity and good faith, in conformity to the fame principles, which it is agreed on both fides to adopt, for the regulation of fuch cases, whether during the courfe of the war, or after its conclufion.

ART. I. There fhall be therefore, in virtue of this Treaty, between His Majesty the King of Great Britain, and His Serene Highness the Landgrave of Heffe Caffel, their fucceffors and heirs, a ftrict friendfhip, and a fincere, firm, and conftant union, fo that the one fhall confider the interefts of the other as his own, and fhall ftrive to promote them with good faith, as much as poffible, and mutually to prevent and remove all disturbance and injury.

ART. II. With this view, it is agreed, that all the former Treaties, efpecially thofe of guaranty, fhall be deemed to be renewed and confirmed by the prefent Treaty, in all their points, articles, and claufes, and fhall have the fame force, as if they were herein inferted word for word, in as much as the fame is not derogated from by the present Treaty.

ART. III. His Majefty the King of Great Britain, defiring to fecure for his fervice in Europe a body of the troops of the Serene Landgrave, and His Serene Highnefs, wifhing for nothing more than to give His Majefty real proofs of his ftrong attachment for him, engages, by virtue of this article, to keep in readiness for this purpose, during the fpace of three fucceffive years, reckoning from the day of the fignature of the prefent Treaty, a body of eight thousand men, as well infantry as cavalry, or chaffeurs, including officers. This corps fhall be completely equipped, furnished with tents, and all neceffary equipage; in a word, fhall be put upon the beft poffible footing; and nobody shall be admitted into it but men capable of ferving, acknowledged as fuch by the commiffary of His Britannick Majefty. This corps fhall march in two divifions: The firft, confifting of four thousand men, fhall be compoled of a corps of infantry with the artillery men, and of a regiment

of cavalry. Formerly the fignature of Treaties preceded for fome time the period of the requifition for the march of the troops; but as, in the prefent circumstances, there is no time to be loft, the day of the fignature of the prefent Treaty is deemed to be alfo the period of the requifition, and the first divifion of four thousand men fhall be in readinefs to pafs in review before the commiffary of His Britannick Majefty on the eighth of next month, and to begin its march the following day for the place of its deftination. The fecond divifion, confifting alfo of four thousand men, and compofed of a corps of infantry, of a battalion of chaffeurs, and of two regiments of cavalry, fhall be in readiness to pafs in review the 5th of June, and fhall be ready to march in eight weeks from the day of the conclufion of the prefent Treaty, or even fooner if it is poffible. Thefe troops fhall not be feparated, unless the caufe of war fhould require it, but fhall continue under the orders of their Heflian chief, under the command, however, of the General to whom His Britannick Majesty shall entrust that of his whole army: And the fecond divifion fhall only be conducted to thofe places where the first shall be, unless it should be contrary to the plan of operations.

ART. IV. Each battalion of infantry of this corps of troops fhall be provided with two field-pieces, and the officers, cannoneers, and other men and equipage attached to them.

ART. V. In order to defray the expences to which the Serene Landgrave fhall be put, by equipping the above-mentioned corps of eight thousand men, His Majefty the King of Great Britain promifes to pay to His Serene Highness, for each horfeman or dragoon, properly armed and mounted, 80 crowns Banco, and for each foot foldier 30 crowns Banco. This levy-money for the first division shall be paid fifteen days after the fignature of the prefent Treaty. With regard to the levymoney for the fecond divifion, one half thereof fhall be paid on the eighth of next month, and the other half on the day on which the fecond divifion thall begin its march. The levy-money fhall be paid for the fame description of perfous for whom it was given in the former alliances.

ART. VI. Befides what is ftipulated in the preceding article, His Majesty the King of Great Britain engages to caufe to be paid annually, during the three years that this Treaty fhall laft, a fubfidy and a half, fixing the fum according to the custom eftablished for the fubfidies in the former Treaties. This fubfidy fhall commence from the day of the fig nature of this Treaty, and it shall be paid at the rate of two hundred and twenty-five thoufand crowns Banco per annum, the crown being reckoned at fifty-three fols of Holland, or at four fhillings and ninepence three farthings English money.

When the faid troops shall be fent back by his Britannick Majefty, from the day of their return into the territories of his Serene Highnels, till the expiration of the Treaty, the fubfidy shall be continued upon the fame footing of 225,000 crowns Banco per annum. The payment of this fubfidy fhall be regularly paid without any deduction, and quarterly, in the town of Caffel, into the military treafury of the Serene Landgrave, authorised to receive it; and in cafe that on either fide it should be judged expedient that the number of the corps of troops fhould exceed eight thousand, the fubfidy shall be proportionably augmented, unless it shall be otherwise agreed upon. His Majefty fhall continue equally to this. corps the pay and other emoluments during the remainder of the month in which it fhall repafs the frontiers of Heffe, and arrive in the territories of his Serene Highnefs, that is to fay Helfe, properly fo called, ART. VII. With regard to what relates to the pay and allowance, both ordinary and extraordinary, of the faid troops, during the time

that

that they fhall be actually in the pay of Great Britain; it is agreed, that, as long as they fhall ferve in the empire, they fhall enjoy the fame advantages and emoluments which his Majefty grants to his German troops, according to the effective eftablishment of the faid corps of troops at the time of their being delivered, which fhall be verified by a lift figned by the refpective minifters of the high contracting parties, which fhall have the fame force as if it were inferted word for word in the present Treaty. During the time that they fhall be employed in the Low Countries, they fhall be treated in the above-mentioned refpect, upon the footing of Dutch troops; it being understood that in both cafes, that is to fay, in that of the German pay, as well as that of the Dutch, the allowances fhall not be inferior to what was granted in former wars; and if the nature of the war fhould require that thofe troops fhould ferve in different countries upon the continent of Europe from those above mentioned, they fhall, in that cafe, be put, in every respect, on the same footing with the most favoured of His Majefty's auxiliary troops.

If it fhall happen that they fhould be employed in Great Britain, or in Ireland, as foon as the notification, in fuch cafe, fhall be made to the Serene Landgrave, they fhall be put on the fame footing, in every refpect, as the national British troops.

All these allowances for thofe troops fhall be paid into the military treafury of his Serene Highnefs, without any abatement or diminution, in order to be diftributed.

ART. VIII. If it should unfortunately happen that fome regiments or companies of the corps above mentioned, fhould, by any accidents, be wholly or partially ruined or deftroyed, or that the pieces of artillery, or other effects, with which it may be provided, fhould be taken by the enemy, His Majefty the King of Great Britain will pay the expences of the neceffary recruits and remounting, as also the value of the faid field artillery and effects; in order fpeedily to restore the artillery, regiments or companies to their former ftate: And thofe recruits fhall likewife be put upon the fame footing as those which were furnished to the Hellian officers, in virtue of the fifth article of the treaty of 1702, in order that the corps may be always preferved and sent back hereafter in as good a ftate as that in which it was delivered; and the recruits annually neceffary fhall be delivered to the English commiffary, difciplined and completely equipped, at the place of their deftination, at the time which his Britannick Majefty fhall appoint.

ART. IX. It will depend upon his Britannick Majefty to retain this corps of troops in his fervice all the time of the duration of this Treaty, to make ufe of them in any part of Europe where he may have occafion for them, provided it be not on board the fleet, from the time of its quitting the territories of the Serene Landgrave; and when His Majesty the King of Great Britain fhall think proper to fend back the faid troops, he fhall give three months previous notice to his Serene Highness, and shall make him an allowance of a month's pay for their return, furnishing them alfo with the neceffary means of tranfport gratis.

ART. X. His Britannick Majefty promifes to attend, as much as poffible, to the fafety of the dominions and poffeffions of His Serene Highnefs, and to direct the military operations, as much as circumftances may permit, in fuch a manner that the country of His Serene Highnefs may be covered and spared as much as poffible. If, however, notwithstanding the precautions which fhall be taken with that view, the country of his Serene Highnefs fhould be invaded by the enemy, on account of his alliance, and the present Treaty, His Britannick Majesty shall endeavour to procure to the country of His Highnefs the Landgrave,

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