the queen was found to be with child, Monsieur le Grand was dismissed the court, upon the honourable pretence of being made Lieutenant-criminal of Provence, the wily cardinal fearing his inti macy with the queen might prejudice him in her favour; and, in. deed, after this job was done, the cardinal had no more use for him, as the sequel made it too evident.

Pliny tell us a story of the wolf, That he never sees his sire, because, says he, he is murdered by the rest of the wolves, out of envy, that he was preferred by the she-wolf before them. The same fate had the father of this rapacious creature, Lewis the fourteenth ; for, being noosed into the conspiracy of Monsieur de Monmorency, he was beheaded at Tholouse, by the Cardinal's express command; who was unwilling the queen should have an abler gallant, than himself, for the future.

I cannot but regret the fate of this poor gentleman, in being first brought to the bed of a queen, and thereafter in having his head chopped off, merely that he might not tell tales, or give any jealousy to his rival, in the queen's favour: yet I judge him happy in this, that he did not live to see the monster he had begotten.

There happened a memorable passage at his death, which was this. Being all along, after his condemnation, laid asleep with an assurance of a pardon, even upon the scaffold, to the end he might not discover any of his criminal secrecies with the queen; at last, being desired to lay down his head, for the blow, he came to understand, too late, that he was cheated out of his life; and just when he was beginning to express himself in these words: O! la vanite d'estre aime d'une 'feme cruele, &c.' 'O! the vanity of being loved by a woman cruel, and devoted to the villainous councils of a church-man.' Here the fatal axe did put an end to the sentence, and to his life together.

This end had Monsieur le Grand, father of our august monarch: and it is but just, his son should bear the name of le Grand, not as an epithet, but as the sirname of his father, le Grand, by way of epithet, being never his due. And thus was Cardinal Richelieu revenged upon him, for being a fitter and abler gallant to the queen, than himself, tho' at first he was not only the privado, but the first encourager of their amours.

When I am on this subject, I cannot but mention a droll sort of letter, written about that time by Monsieur to the Duke of Lorrain, his brother-in-law, from Brussels, which was afterwards found among the Duke of Lorrain's papers, taken at St. Michael, which was to this purpose: Your highness accuses me unjustly, for not obtaining from Monsieur le Grand, when he was with me, a decla. ⚫ration of his privacies with the queen; which you say, would have mightily furthered my affairs: but, Sir, though Monsieur le Grand, at some certain times, out of a transport of fury against the queen, for her unkindness, as he termed it, would confess to me the whole secrets past betwixt the queen and him; yet the very next moment, he would pass from all he had said, and affirm, that what he spoke formerly was but in jest. One night, when we were speaking of retiring from court, I brought him to promise, that

he should wait on me the next morning, to give an ample declara, ❝tion of what I sought of him; but he changed his mind that very night, and told me the next day, that he would do it some other time, when our affairs were better ripened. Being astonished at this sudden change, I found by inquiry, that the cardinal had sent for him that very night, and that he was in his privy-chamber ' above an hour together; and what past betwixt them two, I can. not divine, but by the event. Notwithstanding of all this,' con. cludes Monsieur's letter,' I cannot think but this unfortunate has left some such declaration in the hands of some of his friends, which if it could be fallen upon, would mightily conduce to the good of our affairs, &c.'

In this letter, we see Monsieur asserts plainly, that Monsieur le Grand confessed to him his privacies with the queen, and had pro mised in his angry fits, to declare them under his hand; though I must say, it was not generous on his part, let the queen's ingratitude to him be what it will; and it is more than probable, that the taking vent of this affair hastened his ruin. It seems Madamoiselle, who is yet alive, daughter to Monsieur, was persuaded of the truth of this intrigue; and that her father had told her, how little right Lewis XIV. had to the crown; since a great many years after, at the barricado of Paris, this princess went in person to the Bastile, and with her own hand, fired the first gun, against the king's forces, with this expression, I know of no right he has here.'

If likeness be a sign of a near relation, never were there two faces liker to one another, than these of our invincible monarch, and Monsieur le Grand. And I must acknowledge the wisdom of the queen, in causing Monsieur le Visme, her painter, to call in all the pictures of Monsieur le Grand, that he could possibly get into his hands, when she found her son betrayed his true father by his physiognomy for those, who have seen both the originals, will say, there was need of all this caution.

Thus the Cardinal Richelieu had the honour of being a gallant to a queen, and, upon trial of his own want of a prolifick quality, had the goodness to provide another better qualified than himself. Notwithstanding of this obligation the nation has to him, I cannot forgive his insolence in ordering these words to be engraven in capital letters, upon the pedestal of Lewis XIII's statue, in the palace royal, Cardinalis Richlieus coadjutor suus in omnibus suis negotiis:' 'The Cardinal Richelieu, his helper in all his affairs :' as if it had not been enough to have cuckolded his master, without erecting him a statue, merely to tell the world that he did so.

As similitude in faces is often a sign of a relation in blood, so the likeness of condition is as often an incentive to love, and the motive to friendship. Let no-body therefore blame Lewis the Great, for patronising the little Prince of Wales; it is but reasonable the great bastard should protect the little one, and endeavour to set upon the English throne just such a creature as is already upon the French one.

It is just with our great bastard, as with the fox in the fable, who

had the misfortune to lose his tail; he would needs persuade his neighbours to cut off theirs, that thereby he might hide his own infirmity. It is certain Lewis the Fourteenth would be content that all the scepters of Christendom were only swayed by bastards, that his own spuriousness might be the less taken notice of. And if it be true, that some lawyers affirm of the old law of Normandy, that by it bastards did exclude the lawfully begotten; no body has reason to exclaim against Lewis le Grand's succession to the crown of France, since he is a Norman by birth, as born at St. Germain en Lye, the hithermost town of that province.

Methinks I hear the little Prince of Wales, or rather his true parents, exclaiming against me heavily, for calling him so often a bastard, and thus pleading against the injustice of my pen: What devil must inspire a man to call one a bastard, that is really begotten in lawful wedlock; and though he had the good fortune to be brought into Queen Mary's bed, by a skilful midwife, to be there "owned for her own son, yet all this makes him not a bastard: and 6 pray who would have refused to lend their son to the heir of three ? I confess there is reason in all this; and I am very inclinable to excuse both the little impostor and his parents, since few would have refused such an offer; and I oblige myself, that if ever I happen to be in England, when the gentleman comes to be king, I shall beg his pardon for giving him a name he deserves not.

crowns

KILLING NO MURDER;

BRIEFLY DISCOURSED IN THREE QUESTIONS.

BY WILLIAM ALLEN.

And all the people of the land rejoiced, and the city was quiet, after that they had slain Athaliah with the sword. 2 Chron. xxiii. 21.

Now after the time that Amaziah did turn away from following the Lord, they made a conspiracy against him in Jerusalem, and he fled to Lachish; but they sent to Lachish after him, and slew him there. 2 Chron. xxv. 27.

Reprinted in the year 1689. Quarto, containing thirty pages.

To his Highness Oliver Cromwell.

May it please your Highness,

How I have spent some hours of the leisure, your highness hath

been pleased to give me, this following paper will give your highness an account; how you will please to interpret it, I cannot tell; but I can, with confidence, say, my intention in it, is to procure your

highness that justice no body yet does you, and to let the people see, the longer they defer it, the greater injury they do both themselves and you. To your highness justly belong the honours of dying for the people, and it cannot chuse but be an unspeakable consolation to you, in the last moments of your life, to consider, with how much benefit to the world you are like to leave it. It is then only, my lord, the titles you now usurp, will be truly yours; you will then be, indeed, the deliverer of your country, and free it from a bondage, little inferior to that from which Moses delivered his. You will then be that true reformer, which you would now be thought; religion shall then be restored, liberty asserted, and parliaments have those privileges they have fought for. We shall then hope, that other laws will have place, besides those of the sword, and that justice shall be otherwise defined, than the will and pleasure of the strongest; and we shall then hope, men will keep oaths again, and not have the necessity of being false and perfidious, to preserve themselves, and be like their rulers. All this we hope from your highness's happy expiration, who are the true father of your country; for, while you live, we can call nothing ours, and it is from your death that we hope for our inheritances. Let this consideration arm and fortify your highness's mind against the fears of death, and the terrors of your evil conscience, that the good you will do, by your death, will somewhat balance the evils of your life. And if, in the black cata logue of high malefactors, few can be found that have lived more to the affliction and disturbance of mankind, than your highness hath done; yet your greatest enemies will not deny, but there are like. wise as few that have expired more to the universal benefit of mankind, than your highness is like to do. To hasten this great good is the chief end of my writing this paper; and, if it have the effects I hope it will, your highness will quickly be out of the reach of men's malice, and your enemies will only be able to wound you in your memory, which strokes you will not feel. That your highness may be speedily in this security, is the universal wish of your grateful country; this is the desire and prayer of the good and of the bad, and, it may be, is the only thing wherein all sects and factions do agree in their devotions, and is our only common prayer. But, amongst all that put in their requests and supplications, for your highness's speedy deliverance from all earthly troubles, none is more assiduous, nor more fervent, than he, that, with the rest of the nation, hath the honour to be, may it please your highness, Your Highness's present slave and vassal,

W. A..

To all those Officers and Soldiers of the Army, that remember their Engagements, and dare be honest.

I HEARTILY wish, for England's sake, that your number may be far greater, than I fear it is; and that his highness's frequent pur. gations may have left any amongst you, that, by these characters, are concerned in this dedication. That I, and all men, have reason

to make this a doubt, your own actions, as well as your tame su ferings, do but too plainly manifest. For you, that were the champions of our liberty, and to that purpose were raised, are not you become the instruments of our slavery? And your hands, that the people employed to take off the yoke from our necks, are not those the very hands that now do put it on? Do you remember, that you were raised to defend the privileges of parliament, and have sworn to do it; and will you be employed to force elections, and dissolve parliaments, because they will not establish the tyrant's iniquity, and our slavery, by a law? I beseech you, think upon what you have promised, and what you do; and give not posterity, as well as your own generation, the occasion to mention your name with infamy, and to curse that unfortunate valour and success of yours, that only hath gained victories, as you use them, against the commonwealth. Could ever England have thought to have seen that army, that was never mentioned without the titles of religious, zealous, faithful, courageous, the fence of her liberty at home, the terror of her enemies abroad, become her jailers? Not her guard, but her oppressors? Not her soldiers, but a tyrant's executioners, drawing to blocks and gibbets all that dare be honester than them. selves? This you do, and this you are; nor can you ever redeem your own honour, the trust and love of your country, the estimation of brave men, or the prayers of good, if you let not, speedily, the world see you have been deceived; which they will only then believe, when they see your vengeance upon his faithless head that did it. This, if you defer too long to do, you will find too late to attempt, and your repentance will neither vindicate you, nor help us. To let you see you may do this, as a lawful action, and to persuade you to it, as a glorious one, is the principal intent of this following paper: which, whatever effects it hath upon you, I shall not ab. solutely fail of my ends; for, if it excites not your virtue and courage, it will yet exprobrate your cowardice and baseness. This is from one that was once amongst you, and will be so again, when you dare be as you were.

It is not any ambition to be in print, when so few spare paper and the press, nor any instigations of private revenge or malice (though few, that dare be honest, now want their causes) that have prevailed with me to make myself the author of a pamphlet, and to disturb that quiet, which, at present, I enjoy, by his highness's great favour and injustice. Nor am I ignorant, to how little purpose I shall employ that time and pains, which I shall bestow upon this paper. For to think, that any reasons or persuasions of mine, or convictions of their own, shall draw men from any thing, wherein they see profit or security, or to any thing, wherein they fear loss, or see danger, is to have a better opinion, both of myself and them, than either of us both deserve.

Besides, the subject itself is of that nature, that I am not only to expect danger from ill men, but censure and disallowance from many that are good. For these opinions, only looked upon, not