(3.) SCHOMBERG, a town of Moravia, in the circle of Olmutz; defended by a citadel and walls; 24 miles N. of Olmutz, and 74 NNE. of Znaym.

(4.) SCHOMBERG, a town of Silefia, in Schweidnitz; 7 miles S. of Landshut, and 20 SW. of Schweidnitz.

(1.) SCHONAU, a town of Germany, in the circle of the Lower Rhine; where the elector Frederick IV. fettled a colony of French and Flemish Proteftants, in the 17th century. It is 5 miles NE. of Heidelberg.

(2.) SCHONAU, a town of Silefia, in Jauer, on the Katzbach, founded in 1296, and furrounded by mountains. In 1460 the imperialifts were routed near it by the Swedes. It is 8 miles W. of Jauer, and 9 NNE. of Hirschberg.

(3.) SCHONAU, a town of Suabia, in the Brifgau, on the Wifen; 12 miles N. of Laufenburg, and 20 NE. of Bafle.

SCHONBACH, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Boleflaw; 4 miles S. of Krottau.

(1.) SCHONBERG, a town of the French empire, in the department of the Sarre, and cidevant electorate of Treves; 27 miles N. of Treves, and 34 N. of Luxemburg.

(2-7.) SCHONBERG, fix towns of Germany: viz. 1. In Lower Bavaria, 4 miles W. of Gravenau, and 15 E. of Deckendorff: 2. In Carniola, 7 miles WSW. of Rudolfswerth: 3. In Holstein, 9 miles NW. of Lutkenburg: 4. In Lufația, 6 miles SE. of Gorlitz: 5. In Lower Saxony, in Ratzeburg, 11 miles NNE. of Ratzeburg: 6. In Upper Saxony, in Vogtland, on the Egra; 16 miles SSE. of Oelfnitz.

fheiter when he came for protection. The inqui lition interfered, and obliged the king to fend him away. He then went to Holland by the way of England; and the elector of Brandenburg made him governor of Ducal Pruffia, and commander in chief of his forces. When the prince of Orange failed to England to take poffeffion of the crown which his father-in-law James II. had abdicated, Schomberg obtained permiffion from the elector to accompany him. He is faid to have been the author of an ingenious ftratagem, which the prince employed after his arrival in London, to discover the fentiments of the people respecting the revolution, by fpreading an alarm over the country that the Irish were approaching with fire and fword. When the prince was established on the throne of England, Schomberg was appointed commander in chief of the forces and mafter of the ordnance. In April 1689 he was made K. G, and naturalized by act of parliament; and in May following was created a baron, earl, marquis, and duke of England, by the title of baron Teys, earl of Brentford, marquis of Harwich, and duke of Schomberg. The Houfe of Commons voted to him 100,000l. as a reward for his fervices. Of this he only received a small part; but after his death a penfion of 5000l. a-year was bestowed upon his fon. In August 1689 he was fent to Ireland to reduce that kingdom to obedience. When he arrived he found himself at the head of an army confifting only of 12,000 foot and 2000 horfe, while king James commanded an army three times more numerous. Schomberg thought it dangerous to engage with fo fuperior a force, and being disappointed in his promifed fupplies from England, remained on the defenfive. He pofted himself at Dundalk, about five or fix miles from James, who was encamped at Ardee. For fix weeks he remained in this position, without attempting to give battle, while, from the wetness of the season, he loft nearly the half of his army. Schomberg was much blamed for not coming to action; but some excellent judges admired his conduct, as a display of great military talents, Had he risked an engagement and been defeated, Ireland would have been loft. At the famous battle of the Boyne, fought on the 1ft July 1690, which decided the fate of James, Schomberg paffed the river at the head of his cavalry, defeated eight fquadrons, and broke the Irish infantry. When the French Proteftants loft their commander, Schomberg went to rally and lead them on to charge. While thus engaged, a party of king James's guards paffed Schomberg in attempting to rejoin their own army. They attacked him with great fury, and gave him two wounds in the head. The wounds were not dangerous, but the French Proteftants, thinking their general was killed, fired upon the guards, and fhot him dead. He was buried in St Patrick's cathedral. Bishop Burnet fays, Schomberg was a calm man, of great application and conduct, and thought much better than be spoke; of true judgment, of exact probity, and of a humble and obliging temper."

(2.) SCHOMBERG, a town of the French empire, in the department of the Sarre, and late electorate of Treves; feated on a mountain, 15 miles from Limburg.

(8.) SCHONBERG, a town of Pruffia, in the pro vince of Oberland; 76 miles SSW. of Konigfberg. SCHONBIHEL, a town of Germany, in the duchy of Stiria; 3 miles W, of Cilley. SCHONBORN, a town of Bohemia, in the rcle of Leitmeritz; 13 miles N. of Leitmeritz. (1.) SCHONBRUN, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Chrudim; 4 miles SE. of Politzka.

(2, 3.) SCHONBRUN, or two towns of GerSCHONBRUNN, S many: 1. In Auftria, on the Vienne; 3 miles W. of Vienna: 2. In Upper Saxony, in the Vogtland; a miles W. of Oelnitz.

SCHONBURG, a county of Upper Saxony, furrounded by the electorate of Saxony, and principality of Altenburg. The two principal counts are thofe of Sconburg Waldenburg, and Sconburg-Penigk.

SCHONEBECK, a town of Lower Saxony, in Magdeburg, on the Elbe, 10 miles SSE. of Magdeburg.

(1.) SCHONECK, a town of Pruffian Pomerania, built in 1180, destroyed in 1186, and rebuilt; 15 miles S. of Dantzic.

(2.) SCHONECK, a town of Upper Saxony, in the Vogtland; 7 miles E. of Oelfnitz. In 1680 it was nearly all burnt.

(3.) SCHONECK, or SCHOINECK, a town of SCHONECKEN, the French empire, in the department of the Sarre, and ci-devant electorate of Treves; with a caftle, feated on the Nyms, 26 miles S. of Limburg, and 27 N. of Treves. Lon. 6. 26. E. Lat, 59. 12. N.

SCHONEFELD,

(1.) SCHOOL. n. s. [schola, Lat. ecole, Fr.j 1. A houfe of discipline and iuftruction.—

SCHONEFELD, a town of Brandenburg, in the Upper Marche; 8 miles E. of Prenzlow. SCHONEMOR, a town of Germany, in the county of Delmenhorft; 4 miles NNW. of DEL

MENHORST.

SCHONEN, SCANIA, SCONE, or SKONEN, a province of Sweden, bounded on the N. by Halland and Smaland; E by Bleckingen and the Baltic; S. by the Baltic, and W. by the Sound, which feparates lit from Zealand. It is 65 miles long from N. to S. and 48 broad from E. to W. It is the moft fertile and level spot in all Sweden, and produces all the ufual crops. It abounds in pitcoal, chalk, alum, fulphur, and amber. The natives carry on a great trade in oak timber, millftones, cordage, honey, fish, horfes, fheep and black cattle. The lakes and rivers abound with fish. It is the granary of Sweden, and has many well-built towns and gentlemen's feats. The population is about 600,000. The chief towns are Lunden, the capital Landfcron, Helfingborg, and Christianstadt.

SCHONENWERT, a town of Switzerland, in the canton of Soleure: 3 miles E. of Olten.

SCHONER, John, an eminent German mathematician, born at Carlstadt in Franconia, in 1477. He became profeffor of mathematics at Nuremburg while very young, and acquired great reputation by publishing his Aftronomical Tables. He died in 1547, aged 70.

SCHONE WERDA, a town of Brandenburg, in the Middle Mark: 16 miles S. of Potzdam.

SCHONFELD, a town of Germany, in Weftphalia, in the late bishopric of Munfter; now by the decifion of the indemnities, belonging to the king of Pruffia: 8 miles N. of Munfter.

SCHONFORST, a town of the French empire, in the department of the Roer, and ci-devant duchy of Juliers: 2 miles S. of Aix-la-Chapelle.

}

SCHONGAU, or a town of Upper Bavaria, SCHONGAW, on the Lech: 8 miles S. of Weilham, 30 from Augsburg, and 92 W. of Saltzburg. Lon. 28. 37. E. Ferro. Lat. 48. 45. N. SCHONGRABEN, a town of Germany, in imperial Auftria: 3 miles N. of Sonneberg. SCHONHEYDA, a town of Upper Saxony, in Erzgeburg: 8 miles WSW. of Schwartzenberg. SCHONHEYDE, a town of Silefia, in Grotkau: 6 miles SSW. of Grotkau.

SCHONITZ, a town of Germany, in Weftphalia, and county of Sayn: 2 miles NW. of Hachenburg.

SCHONKERKE, a town of Germany, in the duchy of Holftein: 12 miles W. of Lutkenborg. SCHONPUHL, a town of Germany, in Impe. rial Auftria: 9 miles W. of St Polten.

(1.) SCHONSEE, a town of Bavaria, in Sternf tain: 33 miles NNE. of Ratisbon, and 11 E. of Nabburg.

(2.) SCHONSEE, a town of Pruffia, in Culm; near which the Poles were defeated by the Saxons, in 1716. It is 20 miles SE. of Culm.

SCHONSTEIN, a town of Germany, in Stiria; 6 miles SSW. of Windifch Gratz.

(r.) SCHONWALD, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Boleflaw: 10 miles NE. of Krottau.

(2.) SCHONWALD, a town of Upper Saxony, in the electorate: 21 miles E. of Wittemberg.

Bred together in one school they grew. Dryd. 2. A place of literary education; an university.— I have not expreffed my conceptions in the language of the schools. Digby-Writers on that fubject have turned it into a compofition of hard words, trifles, and fubtilties, for the mere use of the schools. 3. A state of instruction.— Set him betimes to school. Dryden.

4. Syftem of doctrine as delivered by particular teachers.

Some among these masters have been found, Which in their schools the felf fame thing had taught. Davies.

Let no man be lefs confident in his faith, concerning the great bleffings God defigns in thefe divine myfteries, by reafon of any difference in the feveral schools of Chriftians, concerning the confequent bleffings thereof. Taylor. 5. The age of the church, and form of theology fucceeding that of the fathers; fo called, because this mode of treating religion arose from the use of academical difputations.-The firft principles of Chriftian religion should not be farced with school points. Sanderson.-A man may find an infinite number of propofitions in books of metaphyfics, school divinity, and natural philosophy. Locke.

(2.) A SCHOOL is a public place, wherein the languages, the arts, or sciences are taught. The Latin schola, according to Du Cange, fignifies discipline and correction; he adds, that it was anciently used, in general, for all places where feveral perfons met together, to fstudy, converse, or do any other matter. Accordingly, there were schola palatina, being the feveral posts wherein the emperor's guards were placed; schola scutariorum, schola gentilium, &c. At length the term paffed alfo to civil magiftrates; and, accordingly, in the code, we meet with schola chartulariorum, schola agentium, &c.; and even to ecclefiaftics, as schola cantorum, schola sacerdotum, &c. The Hebrews were very diligent to teach the laws that they had received from Mofes. The father of the family taught them in his own family. The rabbins taught them in the temple, in the fynagogues, and in the academies. They pretend, that even before the deluge there were fchools for knowledge and piety, of which the patriarchs had the direction.-They place Adam at their head, then Enoch, and laftly Noah. Melchifedec, they fay, kept a school in the city of Kajrath-Sepher, otherwise Hebron, in Palestine. Abraham, who had been inftructed by Heber, taught in Chaldea and in Egypt. From him the Egyptians learned aftronomy and arithmetic. Jacob fucceeded Abraham in the office of teaching. All this, however, is very uncertain. It cannot be doubted but that Mofes, Aaron, and the elders of Ifrael, inftructed the people in the wilderness, and that many good Ifraelites were very induftrious to inftruct their families in the fear of God. But all this does not prove to us that there were any fuch schools as we now ufe. Under Joshua we fee a kind of academy of the prophets, where the children or disciples of the prophets lived a retired and auftere life, in ftudy, meditation, and reading of the law of God. There were schools of the

prophets

ris. He was well skilled in 4 languages, Latin, French, Italian, and German. He died in 1562. (1.) SCHOREL, a small town of Holland, in the dep. of the Texel, near Alkmaer. SCHORINENTHOF, a river of Silefia, in Oppan, which rifes 2 miles W. of Wiegftedtel, and runs S. into the Oder.

V. Knolles. The ancient rhetoricians lived till they were 100 years old; and fo likewife did many of the grammarians and schoolmasters, as Orbilius. Bacon. A father may fee his children taught, though he himself does not turn schoolmaster. South. * SCHOOLMISTRESS. n.. [school and mifirefs.] A woman who governs a school.-Such precepts I have selected from the most confiderable which we have from nature, that exact schoolmistress. Dryden.

My schoolmiftrefs, like a vixen Turk, Maintains her lazy husband by our work. Gay. SCHOONER. n. f. in fea language, a fmall veffel with two mafts, whose main-fail and fore-fail are fufpended from gaffs, reaching from the maft towards the ftern, and ftretched out below by booms, whofe foremoft ends are hooked to an iron, which clafps the maft fo as to turn therein as upon an axis, when the after-ends are fwung from one fide of the vessel to the other.

SCHOONFIELD, John Henry, a German painter, born at Bibrach in 1619. He travelled through Italy, ftudied the antique, and acquired an excellent style of painting. Some of his pic. tures ornament the ftate-house and churches of Augfburg. He died in, 1689.

SCHOONHAVEN, or a town of Holland, in SCHOONHOVEN Sthe dep. of Delft, and ci-devant province of S. Holland, on the N. bank of the Leck, in which it has a good falmon fishery. In 1424, it was befieged by Jaqueline, countefs of Holland, and bravely defended, but obliged to Surrender. The castle held out still longer, by the bravery of Albert Beyling with 50 men, but was at laft furrendered, on condition that the men fhould be fpared, all but Beyling, who was condemned to die. Even he was allowed a month to fettle his affairs, and might have eloped, but acting too much upon the principle of honour, this brave man returned punctually, and was executed. It lies ten miles NE, of Dort, 13 SW. of Utrecht, and 14 E. of Rotterdam. Lon. 4. 54. E. Lat. 51.58. N.

SCHOONJANS, Anthony, an eminent hiftoriANS, cal portrait painter, born at Antwerp, in 1665. He went to Italy and afterwards to Vienna, where he was much patronized by Leopold I. He painted many fine pieces for the churches in Auftria. He died in 1726.

SCHOPLÉNREITH, a town of Auftria, at the conflux of the Rufbach and March with the Danube 16 miles E. of Entzerfdorf.

SCHOPPACH, a river of Germany, in Suabia; which runs into the Kintzig, near Wolfach. SCHOPPERNAU, a town of Germany, in the county of Bregentz: 27 miles SE. of Bregentz.

(1.) SCHOREL, John, a Flemish painter, who was also a mufician, poet, orator, and linguist, born in 1495, at Schorel, in Holland. He ftudied under Albert Durer; and travelled into Germany, where he met with a friar, who, being an admirer of painting, prevailed on him to accompany him to Jerufalem, where he painted several relics of antiquity. On his return, he vifited Venice and Rome, where Pope Adrian VI. appointed him fuperintendant of the buildings at Belvidere. On Adrian's death he returned to the Netherlands, and refufed an offer from Francis I. of France, to fettle in Pa

SCHORL. n. s. or SHORL, as Dr Thomson spells the word, a name applied very vaguely and erroneously to a great number of different kinds of ftones. (See MINERALOGY, Part II. Chap. IV. Clafs I. Order I. Gen. VII. Sp. 2.) On this account it is unneceffary to particularize the numerous genera and fpecies of ftones that were formerly ranked under this name, but are now arranged under other genera.

SCHORNDORF, a town of Suabia, in Wurnemberg. In 1634, it was taken by the imperialifts; in 1646, by the French. It is 16 miles E. of Stutgard, and 28 NNW. of Ulm. Lon. 27.9. E. of Ferro. Lat. 48. 45. N.

SCHOROGALSKÓI, a town of Ruffia, in Ir kutfk, near China: 60 miles S. of Selengisk. SCHOSBERG, a town of Hungary; 17 miles N. of Prefburg.

SCHOTIA, in botany, a genus of the monogynia order, belonging to the decandria clafs of plants; and in the natural method ranking under the 33d order, Lomentacea. The calyx is femiquinquefid; the corolla has five petals, which are equal, the tube is turbinated, carneous, and perfiftent. The legumen pedicellated, and contains two feeds; there is only one fpecies, viz.

SCHOTIA SPECIOSA, the African lignum vitæ. SCHOTTEN, a town of Germany, in Heffe: 16 m. ESE. of Gieffen, and 46 NE. of Franckfort. (1.) SCHOTTUS, Andrew, a learned Jefuit, born at Antwerp, in 1552. He studied at Louvain, and afterwards went to Paris; whence he travelled into Spain, and became profeffor of Greek at Toledo. He published several tracts, and died at Antwerp in 1629.

(2.) SCHOTTUS, Gafpar, profeffor of mathematics, at Wirtemberg-who first published an account of Guericke's discovery of the AIR-PUMP, in 1657, in a work entitled Mechanica HydraulicoPneumatica. In 1664, he published a more full account of it, in his Technica Curiofa, a curious collection of all the wonderful performances of art then known in Europe. He had a very general correfpondence with the literati; yet no me. moir is left of him.

SCHOTZCU, a town of Silefia, in Tefchen.

SCHOUARA, a village of Egypt, near Dami. etta, which was burnt by the French, Sept. 20. 1798, and 1500 Arabs killed in it, on account of its having revolted.

SCHOUG, one of the New Philippine Ifles. SCHOUNBERG, a town of Lower Saxony, in the Hartz Foreft, near a filver mine.

SCHOUTEN'S ISLAND, an island or a clufter of islands, in the Eaft Indian Ocean; 120 miles in circumference. They were difcovered by William Schouten, a Dutchman, in 1616. Lon. 135.25. E. Lat. o. 46. S.

SCHOUWEN, or an island of Holland, in the SCHOWEN, dep. of the Meufe, and late prov, of Zealand; between the islands of Goree

and