tepid mineral waters of Schintznach, are famous for their cures. SCHINUS, in botany, INDIAN MASTIC, a genus of the decandria order, belonging to the diacia clafs of plants; and in the natural, method ranking under the 43d order, Dumofa. The male calyx is quinquefid; the petals 5. The female flower is the fame as in the male; the berry tricoccous. goods, or in military expeditions. The petty tribes keep flocks of theep. Among those tribes which apply to agriculture, the fchiechs live always in tents, and leave the culture of their grounds to their subjects, whose dwellings are wretched buts. Schiechs always ride on horfes or dromedaries, infpecting the conduct of their fubjects, vifiting their friends, or hunting. Traverfing the defert, where the horizon is wide as on the ocean, they perceive travellers at a distance. As travellers are feldom to be met with in those wild tracts, they easily discover fuch as pafs that way, and are tempted to pillage them when they find their own party the ftrongeft. SCHIEDAM, a town of Holland, in the department of Delft, and late province of South Holland; feated on a canal called SCHIE, which runs into the Meufe; four miles W. of Rotterdam, according to Mr Cruttwell, or four E. by S. of it, according to Dr Brookes, and 30 W. of Utrecht. Lon. 4. 30. E. Lat. 51. 54. N. SCHIEDER, a town of Germany, in the county of Lippe, on the Neiffe; 5 miles E. of Blomberg. SCHIERLING, a town of Lower Bavaria, on the Laber: 10 miles SE. of Kilheim, and 17 W. of Straubing. SCIESE, a river of Pruffian Lithuania, which runs into the Rufs; one mile N. of Rufs. SCHIEVELBEIN, a town of Brandenburg, in the New Mark, on the Rega: 112 miles NE. of Berlin. SCHILDA, a town of Upper Saxony, in Meiffen: 7 miles SW. of Torgau, and 30 NW. of Meiffen. SCHILE, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in Natolia: on the S. coaft of the Black Sea; 14 m. N. of Ifmid. SCHILKA. See AMUR. SCHILLING, Diebold, a native of Soleure, in Switzerland, who was greffier of a tribunal in Berne, in the 15th century. He wrote, in the German language, a Hiftory of the War between the Swifs and Charles le Temeraire, D. of Burgundy; which was published for the first time, at Berne, in 1743, in folio. The author was prefent in almost all the battles he defcribes. SCHILTA, a ftrong town of Upper Hungary, in Neitra, on the Waag. SCHILTACH, a town of Suabia, in Wurtemburg: 24 miles SW. of Stuttgard. Lon. 25. 27. E. Ferro. Lat. 48. 15. N. SCHILUP, a river of Pruffian Lithuania, which runs into the Arge, before its union with the Ne. monin. SCHIMEG, a castle of Hungary, 7 miles ENE. of St, Crot. SCHINCK, a town of Tranfylvania; 6 miles N. of Fogaras. SCHINTA, a town of Hungary, on the Waag; two miles SSE. of Serat. SCHINTZNACH, a town of Switzerland, in the canton of Berne, pleafantly feated on the banks of the Aar, near the ruins of the caftle of Hapfburg. (See HAPSBURG, N° 1.) The SCHINZNACH. See SCHINTZNACH. SCHIO, a populous town of Maritime Auftria, in the province of Vicentino, furrounded with walls. Its inhabitants bave flourishing manufactures of filk and cloth. The vicarage extends over 19 villages. Schio is 18 miles NW. of Vicenza. SCHIPPENHEIL, a town of Pruffia, in the prov. of Natangen, 15 miles SSE. of Konigsberg. SCHIPUNOVA, a town of Ruffia, in Kolivan; 88 miles S. of Kolivan. Lon. 99. 30. E. Ferro. Lat. 53° N. SCHIPUNSKOI, a cape on the SE, coaft of Kamtfchatka: 76 miles ESE. of Kamtschatskoj. SCHIRAS, a large and famous town of SCHIRAUZ, or Perfia, capital of Farfiftan, 3 SCHIRAZ, miles long from E. to W. but not fo broad. It is feated at the NW. end of a fpacious plain furrounded with very high hills, under one of which the town ftands. The climate is excellent. The air is fo dry at all feafons of the year, except autumn, which is the rainy season, that the brighteft polished fteel may be expofed all night without contracting the smallest ruft. The houses are built of bricks dried in the fun; the roofs are flat and terraced. There are 15 hand. fome mofques, tiled with ftones of a bluish green colour, and lined within with black marble. There are many large and beautiful gardens, furrounded with walls, 14 feet high, and 4 thick. They contain various kinds of very fine trees, with fruits almoft of every kind, befides various beautiful flowers. The wines of Schiras are not only the best in Perfia, but, as fome think, in the whole world. The women are much addicted to gallantry, and Schiras is called an earthly paradife by fome. The ruins of the famous Perfepolis are 30 miles NE. of this place. Lon. 56. o. Ē. Lat. 29. 36. N. SCHIRGISWALDA, a town of Lufatia; 6 miles S. of Budiffen. SCHIROKOLBUERAK, a town of Ruffia, in Saratovfkoi, on the Volga: 12 miles NE. of Volk. SCHIRRA, a town of Arabia, in the province of Yemen: 20 miles NNE. of Sana. SCHIRVAN, a province of Persia, bounded on the N. by Dageftan; E. and SE. by the Cafpian Sea; SW. by Erivan, and W. by Georgia. It is about 150 miles long, and go broad. The inhabitants are a mixed breed from those of the furrounding countries; but many of them are vagabond Tartars, who fubfift chiefly by robbery. The foil is very fertile, producing excellent wheat, rice, and barley. The climate is fo mild, that the cattle are kept abroad all the year. Vines are planted along the hedges. Pheasants and other wild fowls, hare, and two kinds of foxes, one like thofe of Europe, and the other covered with wool, are numerous. This country was part of the ancient ALBANIA. The capital is SCAMACHIE. SCHIRWINDT, a town of Pruffian Lithuania; 76 miles E. of Konigsberg. SCHISCHELIZ, a town of Bohemia, in Koni. gingratz; 7 miles S. of Biezow. SCHISCHKOPA, a town of Ruffia, in the province of Perm; 60 miles SE. of Krafmouphimfk. SCHISCHTOMAK, a river of Ruffia, in Tobolfk, which runs into the Irtisch, 52 miles NW. of Tara. SCHISCHTOMATSKAIA, a town of Ruffia, in Tobolfk, at the conflux of the Schifchtomak and the Irtifch; 52 miles NW. of Tara. (2.) * SCHISM. n. f. Loxioua; fchifme, Fr.] A feparation or divifion in the church of God.-Set bounds to our pafhons by reason, to our errours by truth, and to our fchifms by charity. K. Charles. Oppofe fchifms by unity, hypocrify by fober piety, and debauchery by temperance. Spratt.-When a fchifm is once fpread, there grows at length a difpute which are the fchifmaticks: in the fenfe of the law the fchifm lies on that fide which oppofes itfelf to the religion of the state. Swift. (2.) SCHISM is chiefly used of feparations hap. pening from diverfity of opinions among people previously of the fame religion and faith. Among ecclefiaftical authors, the great fchifm of the Weft is that which happened in the times of Clement VII. and Urban VI. which divided the church for 40 or 50 years, and was at length ended by the election of Martin V. at the council of Conftance. The Romanifts number 34 schisms in their church. They beft ow the name English fchifm on the refor. mation of religion in this kingdom. Those of the church of England apply the term fchifm to the feparation of the nonconformifts, viz. the prefbyterians, independents, and anabaptifts, for a further reformation. SCHISMATICAL. adj. [fchifmatique, Fr. from febifmatick.] Implying fchifm; practising fchifm. By these tumults all factions, feditions, and fchifmatical proposals againft government, ecclefiaftical and civil, must be backed. King Charles. -Here bare anathemas fall but like fo many bruta fulmina upon the obftinate and fchifmatical. South. * SCHISMATICALLY. adv. [from fchifmatital] In a fchifmatical manner. SCHISMATICK. n. f. [from schifm.] One who separates from the true church.-No known beretick nor fchifmatick should be fuffered to go into thofe countries. Bacon. Thus you behold the fchifmatick's bravados: Wild fpeaks in fquibs, and Calamy in granados. Butler. -The fchifmaticks united in a folemn league and covenant to alter the whole fyftem of spiritual go vernment. Swift. *To SCHISMATIZE. v. a. [from fchifm.] To commit the crime of fchifm; to make a breach in the communion of the church. SCHISTUS, or SHISTUS, (as Dr Thomson spells it,) in the old fyftem of mineralogy, a name given to feveral different kinds of stones, but more efpecially to fome of the argillaceous kind; as, 1. The bluish purple fchifusor common SLATE. This is fo foft that it may be lightly scraped with the nail, and is of a very brittle lamellated texture. It is fufible per fe in a strong heat, and runs into a black fcoria. It confifts of 26 parts of alumina, 46 filica, VOL. XX. PART L 8 magnefia, 4 lime, and 14 oxide of iron. Sea MINERALOGY, Part II. Gen. XVII. Sp. 1. The dark-blue flate, or schiftus fcriptorius, contains more magnefia and lefs iron than the common purple fchiftus, and effervefces more brifkly with acids. 2. The pyritaceous fchiftus is of a grey colour, brown, blue, or black; and capable of more or lefs decompofition by exposure to the air, according to the quantity of pyritous matter it contains and the ftate of the iron in it. The aluminous fchiftus belongs to this species. 3. The bituminous fchiftus is generally black, and of a lamellated texture, of various degrees of hardness, not giving fire with fteel, but emitting a strong smell when heated, and sometimes without being heated. M. Magellan mentions a specimen which burns like coal, with a strong smell of mineral bitumen, but of a yellowish brown, or rather dark afh-colour, found in Yorkshire. This kind of fchiftus does not fhow any white mark when fcratched like the other fchiftus. SCHITELLA, a town of Naples, in the province of Capitanata; 18 miles W. of Viefte. SCHIUSCHKINA, a town of Ruffia, in the province of Irkutfk; 18 miles NNE. of Orlenga. SCHIZAR, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in Alep po, on the Orontes; 60 miles S. of Aleppo. SCHKEUDITZ, a town of Upper Saxony, in Merfeburg, on the Elfter; 8 m. WNW. of Leipfic SCHLAKEN, a town of Germany, in Franco. nia and Coburg; 18 miles SW. of Coburg. SCHLADEN, a town of Lower Saxony, in Hildefheim; 28 miles ESE. of Hildesheim. SCHLAKENWALD, 2 towns of Bohemia, SCHLAKENWERT, in the circle of Elmolo gen; the former near a tin mine, 3 miles SE. of Elnbogen; the latter with a citadel, 9 m. NE. of it. SCHLAMING, a town of Stiria, on the Enns & 36 miles WSW. of Rottenman, and 48 W. of Judenburg. SCHLAN, a town of Bohemia, capital of a cir cle fo named, united with that of RAKONITZ & 14 miles NW. of Prague. SCHLAUPPITZ, a town of Silefia, in Grot kau; 5 miles NNE. of Ottmuchau. SCHLAUA, a town of Silefia, in Glogau, near the Schalwer See; 3 miles N. of Great Glogau. SCHLAWE, or SLAWE, a town of Farther Pomerania, on the Wipper; 10 miles SSE. of Rugenwald, and 16 NNE. of Polnou. SCHLEGELBERG, a mountain of Germany, in the Prifgau; 22 miles NNE. of Ereyberg. SCHLEINITZ, 22 towns of Auftria; the it SCHLEINTZ, 2 miles S. of Eggenburg; the 2d 4 miles NE. of Meisfau. SCHLEISHEIM, a town of Upper Bavaria, 8 miles N. of Munich; with a palace of the elector, which has a collection of capital paintings, by Rubens, Albert, Durer, &c. SCHLEITZ, a town of Upper Saxony, in Reuffen, with 3 churches; 16 miles E. of Saalfeld. SCHLENTER, SEE, a large lake of Holftein, about 14 miles in circumference; 3 miles W. of Lutkenburg. SCHLEÏTAU, a town of Upper Saxony, in the circle of Erzgeburg; 3 miles WNW. of Grun hayn. SCHLETTSTATT. See SCHELESTADT. Mr Cruttwell places this town in the dep. of the Lower Rhine; Dr Brookes, in that of the Upper Rhine. SCHLEUSONGEN. See SCHLEUSSINGEN. SCHLEUS, orĮ a river of Germany in FrancoSCHLEUSS, nia, which runs into the Werra; 7 miles SW. of Schleuffingen. SCHLEUSSINGEN, a town of Franconia, in Henneberg, on the Schleufs; to miles SE. of - Smalkalden, and 19 NNE. of Schweinfurt. SCHLEYDEN, a town of Germany, in Weftphila, in the ci-devant county of Mark, between the late duchies of Juliers and Luxemburg; now annexed to the French empire, and (we think) in cluded in the department of the Sarre; 40 miles N. of Treves. Lon. 24. 3. E. Ferro. Lat. 50. 35. N. SCHLICHTING, a town of Germany, in the duchy of Holftein; 3 miles SE. of Lunden. SCHLICHTINGIUS, Jonas, DE BUKOWIC, a Socinian writer, born in Poland, in 1596; where he preached till he was expelled by the diet of Warsaw, in 1647. He then retired to Muscovy, and fettled at Zullichaw; where he died in 1661. He was a zealous controvertift. His works were printed at Amfterdam, in 1666. SCHLIEBEN, a town of Germany in the elec. torate of Saxony; 12 miles W. of Sonnewalde. SCHLIERSBACH, ) 2 towns of Auftria, the SCHLIESBURG; former 14 miles SW. of Steyr; the latter 2 miles E. of Grieskirchen. SCHLISSELBURG, a town of Ruffia, in the province of Petersburg, on Lake Ladoga; 32 miles B. of Petersburg. Lon. 48. 44. E. Ferro. Lat. 50. o. N. SCHLITZ, a town and county of Suabia, on a rivulet which joins the Fulda; 7 miles NNW. of Fulda SCHLOBITTEN, two towns of Pruffia, in SCHLODIEN, the province of Oberland. SCHLOSSER, FORT, or FORT SCLUSHER, a fort of New York, on the E. bank of the Niagara. SCHLUCHTEREN, a town of Germany, in Hanau Munzenberg, with a Proteftant College; 14 miles SW. of Fulda, and 26 ENE. of Hanau." SCHLUDERNS, a town of Germany, in the Tyrolefe, which was pillaged and burnt by the French, in their retreat, in March 1799. (1) SCHLUSSELBURG, a town of Germany, in the county of Minden; 14 miles NE. of Minden. (2, 3) SCHLUSSELBURG, a town and fort of Ruffia, on the Neva, near lake Ladoga; containing about 200 houfes and 2,800 inhabitants. The fort is on an inland in the Neva. It was taken from the Swedes, in 1702. It has been often 'ufed as a ftate prifon. Mary, the fifter, and Eudocia, the first wife of Peter the Great; Count Piper, minifter of Charles XII.; Biren D. of Courland; and prince John were confined in it. It is 36 miles E. of Petersburg. SCHLUSSELFELD, a town of Franconia, in Wurzburg, 13 miles SE. of Bamberg, and 38 E. of Wurzburg. SCHMALENBERG, a town of Germany, in I. ree of the Lower Rhine, on the E. or right back of the Rhine; 18 miles S. of Brilon, and 50. E. Cologn. SCHMALKALDEN. See SMALKALDEN. 5 SCHMELTZDORF, a town of Silefia, in the principality of Neiffe: 5 miles N. of Neiffe. SCHMERLENBACH, a town of Germany, in the circle of the Lower Rhine, and late electorate of Mentz; 4 miles E. of Afchaffenburg. SCHMIBERG. See SCHMIEDEBERG. SCHMIDA, SCHMIDING, mer 8 miles S. of Sonneberg; 2 towns of Auftria; the for the latter 5 miles NE. of Kemmaten. (1.) SCHMIDT, Erafmus, a learned German, born at Delitzch in Mifnia, in 1560. He became profeffor of Greek and Mathematics at Wirtem. burg, where he taught thefe fciences with great reputation for many years, and died in 1637. He published an edition of Pindar, with a Latin verfion and a commentary, in 4to. 1616: alfo editions, with learned notes, of Lycophron, Dionyfius, Pericgetes, and Hefiod; which laft was published at Geneva in 1693. (2.) SCHMIDT, George Frederick, a celebrated engraver, born at Berlin in 1712. He went to Paris very young, and acquired fuch fame that he was admitted a Member of the Royal Academy, though against their rules, as he was a proteftant. He excelled in portraits. (3.) SCHMIDT, John Andrew, a learned Luthe ran divine, born at Worms, in 1652. In his 27th year he fell from a window two ftories high into the ftreet, and was taken up for dead, but recovered; though he never after had the ufe of his right arm. He wrote, however, with his left hand, above 100 publications, upon various subjects; and died in 1726. (4.) SCHMIDT, Sebaftian, a learned German, who became profeffor of Oriental languages at Strafburg, and published a great number of books. He died in 1697. (1.) SCHMIEDEBERG, [i. e. Smithyburg ] a town of Silefia, in the duchy of Jauer, at the foot of a mountain, near the fource of the Bauber, in a country abounding with iron ore. Almoft all the males in it are smiths, (whence the name) and manufacture a great deal of iron and steel. Some linens are alfo made in it. It is 7 miles SSE. of Hirschberg, and 7 W. of Landshut. (2.) SCHMIEDEBERG, a town of Germany, in Upper Saxony, in Meiffen; 15 miles S. of Drefden. SCHMIEDELIA, in botany, a genus of the digynia order, belonging to the octandria clafs of plants. The calyx is diphyllous: the corolla tetrapetalous; the germina pedicellated, and longer than the flower. SCHMIERENBERG, a town of Germany, in the duchy of Stivia; 8 miles NW. of Marburg. SCHMIRSCHITZ, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Konigingratz; 4 m. N. of Konigingratz. SCHMIT, or Ifchmith, a city of Afiatic Turkey, at the bottom of a bay in the Propontis, anciently called NICOMEDIA. (See that article.) It is the fee of a Greek archbishop, and contains about 30,000 inhabitants, Greeks, Turks, and Armenians; who carry on a good trade in filk, cotton, glass, and earthen wares. It lies 50 miles SW. of Conftantinople. Lon. 29. 30. E. Lat. 40. 30. N. SCHMOGRA, a village Silefia, in Brieg, where, in 966, the first Chriftian church in all Silefia was erected. It is 5 m. NNE. of Nambslau. SCHMOLLEN, SCHMOLLEN, a town of Upper Saxony, in Altenburg; 6 miles S. of Altenburg, and 52 W. of Dre den. Lon. 30. 6. E. Ferro. Lat. 50. 50. N. SCHMOLNITZ, or SMELNITZ, a town of Hungary, in a narrow valley, furrounded with hills abounding in copper mines; the ores of which are dug and smelted here, whence the name,) and the copper manufactured into boilers and other utenfils. The copper amounts to about 1500 weight annually. In 1604, this town was burnt by the Heyducks. It is 14 miles S. of Kapfdorf, and 15 NW. of Caschau. SCHMUTTER, a river of Suabia, which runs into the Danube; 2 miles ENE of Donauwert. SCHNACKENBURG, a town of Lower Saxony, in Lunenburg Zell, on the Elbe; 10 miles NNW of Sechaufen. SCHNAITACH, a town of Bavaria, in Rotenberg; 1 m. W, of Rotenberg, and 3 NE. of Lauff. SCHNEDOWITZ, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Leitmeritz: 10 miles E. of Leitmeritz. SCHNEE, or SCHNEE KOPPE, a high mountain of Silefia, in Jauer; 9 m. SSW. of Hirschberg. (1.) SCHNEEBERG, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Leitmeritz; 14 miles N. of Leitme; ritz. (2, 3.) SCHNEEBERG, 2 towns of Germany: 1. in Carniola; 9 miles WNW. of Gottfchee: 2. in Upper Saxony, in Erzgeburg, on an eminence, near the Mulda, and near filver mines. It has manufactures of filk, thread, gold and filver lace, &c. It is 7 miles NW. of Schwarzenberg. SCHNEEBURG, a mountain of Germany, in imperial Auftria; 12 miles S. of Steyr. SCHNEMPT, a town of Egypt, N. of Benifuef. SCHOAMAN, a town of Afia, in the country of Samarcand; 150 miles SE. of Samarcand. SCHOBERSTEIN, a mountain of Germany, in imperial Auftria; 8 miles S. of Steyr. SCHOCKL, a mountain of Stiria; 8 miles N. of Graz. SCHODACK, a township of New York, in Renffellaer county. SCHODTWEIN, a town of Auftria, near a narrow pafs between Auftria and Stiria, with a citadel on a high rock; 32 miles S. of Vienna. SCHOEFFER, Peter, a celebrated German printer, who flourished in the middle of the 15th century, and was one of the last and most important improvers of the art, by the difcovery of the MATRIX in type-founding. He was working with John Fauftus when he made this difcovery, which pleafed his mafter fo well, that he gave him his daughter in marriage, and made him his partner. See PRINTING, $ 4. It is a fpecies of ingratitude, not uncommon among mankind, that, the art he improved has not preferved any memoir of his birth or death. SCHOELLER, a town of Germany, in Weft phalia, in the duchy of Berg; 4 miles E. of Med man. SCHOENEUS, in fabulous hiftory, king of Scyros, and father of Atalanta. See ATALANTA. SCHOENO. See SCHOENUS, No 1. SCHOENOBATES (from the Greek, son, a rope; and Barve, I walk), a name which the Greeks gave to their rope-dancers: by the Ro mans called funambuli. See FUNAMBULUS and (6.) SCHOENUS, in botany; Baftard Cyprus, Marsh, or Round Rush, a genus of the monogynia order, belonging to the triandria clafs of plants; and in the natural method ranking under the 3d order, Calamaria. The glumes are paleaceous, univalved, and thickfet; there is no corolia, and only one roundifh feed between the glumes. SCHOEPFLIN, John Daniel, a learned German, born at Sulzburg, in the Brifgaw, in 1694, He became profeffor of hiftory in the Luther an university of Strafburg. He was offered the fame profefforfhip at Francfort on the Oder, at Upfal in Sweden, at the famed univerfity of Leyden, and was invited to Peterburg, by the Czarina to be hiftoriographer imperial, but he preferred Strafburg to all of them. In 1725, he pronounced a congratulatory oration before K. Staniens, in the name of the univerfity, on the marriage of his daughter with the king of France; which was printed, with fome other tracts. He died at Straf burg, in 1771. ་ SCHOERDAL, a town of Norway, in the province of Drontheim; 24 miles ENE. of Drontheim. SCHOFFERSTEIN, a town of Germany, in imperial Auftria; 14 miles SE. of Steyr. SCHOGHR, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in Aleppo; on the Orontes ; 40 miles W. of Aleppo. (1.) SCHOHARIE, a county of New York. The land is in general well watered, fertile, and variegated with hills, valleys, corn, and pasture, &c. (2, 3.) SCHOHARIE, the capital of the above county, is feated on the river Schoharie, and is one of the wealthiest towns in the state. The iņhabitants are Dutch emigrants. SCHOLE. in antiquity. See SCHOOLS, $ 2. * SCHOLAR. n. s. sholaris, Lat. écolier, Fr.] 1. One who learns of a mafter; a difciple.--Many times that which deferveth approbation would hardly find favour, if they which propofe it were not to profefs themfelves scholars of the ancients. Hooker. Prior. The scholars of the Stagyrite, Who for the old opinion fight. 2. A man of letters.-This fame scholar's fate, res angufta doni, hinders the promoting of learning. Wilkins.-To watch occafions to correct others in their difcourfe, and not flip any opportunity of fhewing their talents, scholars are moft blamed for. Locke. 3. A pedant a man of books. -To spend too much time in ftudies, is floth; to make judgment wholly by their rules, ise humour of a scholar. Bacon. 4. One who has a lettered education.- My coutin William is become a good scholar. Shak. *SCHO SCHOLARSHIP. n. s. [from scholar.] 1. ftracted sciences under theorems, problems, poftuLearning; literature; knowledge.-It pitied my lates, scholiums, and corollaries. Watts. very heart to think, that a man of my mafter's understanding and real scholarship, who had a book of his own in print, fhould talk fo outrageoufly. Pope. 2. Literary education. This place fhould be school and univerfity, not needing a remove to any other house of scholarship. Milton. 3. Exhibition or maintenance for a scholar. Ainsworth. (1.) SCHOLASTIC. adj. See SCHOLASTICK. (2.) SCHOLASTIC DIVINITY is that part or fpecies of divinity, which clears and difcuffes questions by reafon and arguments; in which fenfe it ftands, in fome measure, opposed to pofitive divinity, which is founded on the authority of fathers, councils, &c. The fchool divinity is now fallen into contempt, and is fcarce regarded any. where but in fome of the univerfities, where they are ftill by their ftatutes obliged to teach it. *SCHOLASTICAL. adj. [scholafticus, Lat.] Belonging to a scholar or school. *SCHOLASTICALLY. adv. [from scholaftick.] According to the niceties or method of the schools. -No moralifts or cafuifts, that treat scholaftically of juftice, but treat of gratitude, under that general head, as a part of it. South. *SCHOLASTICK. adj. [from schola, Latin; scholaftique, French.] 1. Pertaining to the fchool; practifed in schools. I would render this intelligible to every rational man, however little versed in scholaftick learning. Digby.-Scholaftick education, like a trade, does fo fix a man in a particular way, that he is not fit to judge of any thing that lies out of that way. Burnet. 2. Befitting the fchool; fuitable to the school; pedantic; needlefsly fubtle. The favour of propofing there, in convenient fort, whatsoever ye can object, which thing I have known them to grant, of scholaftick courtesy unto ftrangers, never hath nor ever will be denied you. Hooker. Those who left useful ftudies for ufelefs scholaftick fpeculations, were like the Olympick gamefters, who abftained from neceffary labours, that they might be fit for fuch as were not fo. Bacon.-Both fides charge the other with idolatry, and that as a matter of confcience, and not a scholaftick nicety. Stilling fleet. SCHOLD, or SOLTH, a town of Hungary: 4 miles E. of Foldvar. SCHOLESMORE, a town of England, in Yorkshire; SW. of Bradford. * (1.) SCHOLIAST. n. s. [scholiafte, Fr. scholiaftes, Lat.] A writer of explanatory notes.-The title of this fatire, in fome ancient manufcripts, was the reproach of idleness; though in others of the scholiafts 'tis inscribed against the luxury of the rich. Dryden. Chewed by blind old scholiafts o'er and o'er. Pope. (2.) A SCHOLIAST, or COMMENTATOR, is a grammarian who writes scholia, or notes, gloffes, &c. upon ancient authors who have written in the learned languages. See the next article. (1) SCHOLION. Į n. s. [Latin.] A note; (1.) SCHOLIUM. an explanatory obferva. tion.-Hereunto have I added a certain glofs or cholium, for the expofition of old words. Spenser. -Some bring every thing relating to thofe ab (2.) SCHOLIUM is much ufed in geometry and other parts of mathematics, where, after demonftrating a propofition, it is cuftomary to point out how it might be done fome other way, or to give fome advice or precaution in order to prevent mistakes, or add fome particular use or application thereof, *SCHOLY. n. s. [scholie, Fr. scholium, Latin.] An explanatory note. This word, with the verb following, is, I fancy, peculiar to the learned. Hooker.-Speaking unto the Father in the Son's own prefcript form, without scholy or glofs of ours, we may be sure that we utter nothing which God will deny. Hooker. That scholy had need of a very favourable reader, and a tractable, that should think it plain conftruction, when to be commanded in the word, and grounded upon the word, are made all one. Hooker. *To SCHOLY. v. n. [from the noun.] To write expofitions.-The preacher fhould want a text, whereupon to scholy. Hooker. (1.) SCHOMBERG, Frederick-Armand duke of, a diftinguished officer, fprung from an illuftrious family in Germany, and the fon of count Schomberg, by an English lady, daughter of lord Dudley, was born in 1608. He was initiated into the military life under Frederick-Henry prince of Orange, and ferved under his fon William II. of Orange, who highly esteemed him. He then repaired to the court of France, where his repu tation was fo well known, that he obtained the government of Gravelines, Furnes, and the adja. cent countries. He was reckoned inferior to no general in that kingdom, except Turenne and the Pr. of Condé. The French court sent Schomberg to affift the Portuguese against the Spaniards: Schomberg's talents gave a turn to the war in their favour. The court of Spain was obliged to folicit peace in 1668, and to acknowledge the houfe of Braganza as the juft heirs to the throne of Portugal. For his great services he was created count Mentola in Portugal; and a penfion of 5000l. was bestowed upon him, with the reverfion to his heirs. In 1673 he came over to England to command the army; but the English being then difgufted with the French nation, Schomberg was fufpected of coming over with a defign to corrupt the army; he therefore returned to France, which he foon left, and went to the Netherlands. In June 1676 he forced the prince of Orange to raife the fiege of Maeftricht; and was raifed to the rank of marefchal of France, either on that occafion, or when he took the fortress of Bellegarde from the Spaniards. Upon the revocation of the edict of Nantes, when the perfecution commenced against the Protestants, Schomberg, who was of that perfuafion, requested leave to retire into his own country. This was refufed; but he was permitted to take refuge in Portugal, where he had reason to expect he would be kindly received on account of past services, But the bigotry of the Portuguese, though it did not prevent them from accepting affiftance from a heretic when their kingdom was threatened with fubverlion, could not permit them to give him fhelter |