CHAPTER VIII.

Hamilton as to policy of Enemy-Positions of Americans-Letters to Put-

nam-Hamilton as to policy of America-Foreign Mercenaries-Mirabeau's

appeal Letters to Trumbull-Northern army-Discontents of Connecti-

cut troops—Schuyler-Wooster-Schuyler proposes to resign-Washing-

ton interposes-Gates ordered to Canada-Schuyler's deportment-Dis-

content of Gates-Visit to Congress-Burgoyne near Lake Champlain-

-Ticonderoga retaken-Retreat of St. Clair-Arnold to Northern army

-Hamilton for Washington to Schuyler-to G. Morris-Movements of

Howe
201

CHAPTER IX.

Schuyler's movements--Letter by Hamilton-Letter of Doctor Knox-Reply
-Views as to Burgoyne-Letter to Putnam-Alarms at Albany-Letter
to Trumbull-Hostility of New England to Schuyler-Superseded by Gates
-Hamilton to New York Council of Safety-To Governor Clinton-To
Livingston as to Burgoyne-Morgan's corps-Letter for Washington to
Congress as to operations of army-Sullivan on Staten Island-Vindica-
tion of him

268

CHAPTER X.

Howe at head of Elk-Advance of Cornwallis-Washington at Chadsford-

Hamilton to G. Morris-Battle of Brandywine-Retreat of Americans--Sul-

livan vindicated-Letter by Hamilton to Congress-Fired upon when re-

connoitring-Letters to Hancock-John Adams' second flight, and cen-

sure of Washington-Hamilton ordered to impress at Philadelphia-Letter

to Congress-Details movements of army-Howe takes Philadelphia-

Encamps at Germantown-Urgent Letters by Hamilton-Battle of Ger-

mantown-McDougall promoted-Admiral Howe in Delaware-Letters

by Hamilton to Cols. Greene, Smith, Hazlewood-Attack and Defence of

Red Bank-Death of Donop
267

CHAPTER XI.

Burgoyne's advance--Schuyler retires-Stark-Battle of Bennington-Gates

in command-Schuyler to G. Morris-Letter by Hamilton to Gates--

Hamilton to G. Morris-Battle of Bemis Heights-Arnold-His contro-

versy with Gates-Misconduct of Putnam-Capture of Forts Montgomery

and Clinton-Victory at Saratoga-Gallantry of Morgan and Arnold—-

Retreat and surrender of Burgoyne-Maraud of Vaughan and Tryon—

Putnam

302

CHAPTER XII.

Mission of Hamilton to Gates-Letters to Washington-Misconduct of Gates

and Putnam-Clinton's energy-Washington to Hamilton-Putnam to

Washington-Rebuked-Fortification of Highlands-Forts Mifflin and

Mercer evacuated-Duplessis

337

CHAPTER XIII.

Hostility of Gates to Washington-Lovell and Reed to Gates-The Cabal-

Conway-Richard Henry Lee-Mifflin-Gates chosen to Board of War-

Lovell to Gates-Gates' correspondence with Washington-Conway. 365

CHAPTER XIV.

Intrigues of Cabal-Letters by Hamilton to Congress-Conway to Washington

--Committee to Head Quarters--Army at Valley Forge--Rush and Shippen

-Craig to Washington-Rush to Patrick Henry-Gates to Washington

-Reply-Expedition to Canada-Lafayette-G. Morris to Washington—

-Disgrace of Conway-Mifflin resigns-Gordon to Washington-Reply-

Cabal discomfited-John Adams-A party to it-His Notions-Samuel

Adams-His instrumentality-Character of Congress by G. Morris, and

by Hamilton

386

CHAPTER XV.

The American Army-Its organization-Foreign officers-Hamilton to Duer

Washington to Lee-Army plan-Draft by Hamilton-Wants of army-

Greene Quarter-Master-General-Inspector-General-Steuben--Reduction

of corps--Inspectorship draft by Hamilton-Indians-Prisoners-Exchange

of-Hamilton for Washington to Congress-Hamilton to Sir H. Clinton-

Appointed to negotiate cartel-Half pay to officers-Letter by Hamilton

-Supplies-Treaties with France-Conciliatory bills-Proceedings of

Congress-Letter to Tryon-Address by Congress-Letter by Hamilton

to Greene-Reorganization of Army-Exchange of Prisoners
425

CHAPTER XVI.

Force and policy of Enemy-Movement under La Fayette-Surprised at Barren
Hill-Council of War-Hamilton's comment-Enemy leave Philadelphia-
Hamilton draws instructions to Arnold-Movement of Americans-Hamil-
ton to Putnam-to Cadwallader-Council of war-Greene and Hamilton-
Conduct of General Lee-Order to La Fayette-Hamilton sent forward-

Writes to La Fayette and to Washington-Order to General Lee-Battle of

Monmouth-Enemy proceeds to Sandy Hook-Hamilton to Boudinot-Con-

duct of Washington and Lee-Court-martial-Lee suspended-Duel with

Laurens-Death of Otis

459

CHAPTER XVII.

Marine of France-D'Estaing-Mission of Hamilton-Sullivan in Rhode Isl-

and-Hamilton to Washington-to Boudinot as to Steuben-Events at

Rhode Island-Hamilton for Washington to Greene, Sullivan and Governor

Clinton-Dissatisfaction of La Fayette-Letter to Sullivan-Hamilton to

La Fayette-Hamilton to Boudinot-Resolutions of Congress-Letter by

Hamilton to D'Estaing-Washington takes position on Hudson-McDougall

as to Gates-Lovell to Gates-Report by Hamilton as to conquest of

Canada-Hamilton as to policy of the enemy-Arrival and audience of

Gerard de Rayneval-Franklin sole envoy to France-Instructions-Ham-

ilton for Washington as to movements upon Canada-Hamilton commis-

sioner to negotiate exchange of prisoners-Hamilton for Washington to

Congress Hamilton for Washington to McDougall and Schuyler-Inva-

sion of Canada abandoned-Washington to Harrison and to Reed-Hamil-

ton writes essays of Publius

CHAPTER XVIII.

482

Hamilton as to recruiting and operations of army-Plan of campaign-Ham-

ilton to committee as to provisions for officers-Draws plan as to supply

of clothing-also new plan of Inspectorship-Inroads of enemy upon New

Jersey-Attempt to seize Governor Livingston-Hamilton addresses him

in behalf of Washington-Dissuades seizure of Sir Henry Clinton-Hamil-

ton to La Luzerne for Washington-Hamilton to Jay-Black levies and

Emancipation of Slaves-Army for Southern States-Laurens to Hamilton

-Reply-Hamilton for Washington to Congress-Hamilton for Washing-

ton to Gates-Reply-Hamilton to G. Morris for Washington-Resigna-

tions by officers-Jersey line-Letter for Washington by Hamilton-Letter

to Congress-Frontier alarms-Instructions by Hamilton to Sullivan-In-

dian campaign-Exchange of prisoners

CHAPTER XIX.

518

Hamilton for Washington to Wayne-Expedition of Enemy to New Haven-
Burning of Fairfield—Attack and capture of Stony Point-Colonel Fleury
-War in South Carolina-Lincoln relieves Charleston-Hamilton for
Washington to Lincoln-Attack by Colonel Lee on post at Paulus Hook-
Hamilton as to special commands-Hamilton to Duane-Hamilton to
Steuben Conference of Washington and La Luzerne-Delinquency of Vir-
ginia-Patrick Henry to Washington-Reply by Hamilton-Hamilton's

mission to D'Estaing-Attack on Savannah and defeat-Death of Pulaski
-Hamilton contemplated for special mission to France-Letter of Laurens
-Hamilton for Washington to Congress-Depreciation of currency-De-
fective administration by Boards-Crude schemes of Finance-Hamilton
to Robert Morris, proposing an effective financial policy-a foreign Loan
-a Bank of the United States-an Executive ministry of separate De-
partments.
547

THE HISTORY

OF THE

REPUBLIC OF THE UNITED STATES.

CHAPTER I.

Independence was the natural ultimate condition of colonies as vigorous and remote from the parent government as were those of North America.

What form of being these independencies would assume, whether of distinct sovereignties, or of parties to one, or to several Federal compacts, or of members of one controlling National system, was the problem of their happiness.

As the "first idea of a real UNION OF THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES," is ascribed to ALEXANDER HAMILTON ;* and as he had a large share in moulding their

"Indeed he was the first to perceive and develop the idea of a real union of the people of the United States."-History of the Constitution of the United States, by George Ticknor Curtis, i. 413.

"Out of this boundless chaos, out of this immense mass of conflicting elements, the fair and majestic form of the American Federal Constitution gradually arose, created by the masterly touch of his hand."-The Life and Times of Alexander Hamilton, Philadelphia, 1856.

VOL. I.-1,